Helicobacter pylori. One bacterium and a broad spectrum of human disease! An overview

Journal of Physiology Paris

Volumn 94, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 139-152

  Pakodi, Ferenc ^a   Abdel Salam, Omar M E ^a   Debreceni, Andras ^a   Mózsik, Gyula ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PÉCS   (Hungary)

Author keywords

Gastric cancer; Helicobacter pylori; MALT lymphoma; Peptic ulcer

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; BISMUTH; CLARITHROMYCIN; METRONIDAZOLE; OMEPRAZOLE; RANITIDINE; TETRACYCLINE;

BACTERIUM ISOLATION; CONFERENCE PAPER; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DUODENUM ULCER; ERADICATION THERAPY; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; GRAM NEGATIVE INFECTION; HEADACHE; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMAN; MYCOSIS; PARESTHESIA; PATHOGENESIS; STOMACH ULCER; VERTIGO;

EID: 0034036843     PISSN: 09284257     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0928-4257(00)00160-1     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (199)

1. Abdel-Salam O.M.E. Study of Campylobcater pylori in diabetic patients. Ph.D. thesis, Cairo University. 1990.
2. Abdel-Wahab M., Attallah A.M., Elshal M.F., Abdel-Raouf M., Zalata K.R., El-Ghawalby N., Exxat F. Cellular proliferation and ploidy of the gastric mucosa, the role of Helicobacter pylori. Hepatogastroenterogy. 44:1997;880-885.
3. Alam K., Arlow F.L., Ma C.K., Schubert T.T. Decrease in ornithine decarboxylase activity after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89:1994;888-893.
4. Alkan S., Karcher D.S., Newman M.A., Cohen P. Regression of salivary gland MALT lymphoma after treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Lancet. 348:1996;268-269.
5. Anad B.S., Raed A.K., Malaty H.M., Genta R.M., Klein P.D., Evans D.J. Jr, Graham D.Y. Low point prevalence of peptic ulcer in normal individuals with Helicobacter pylori infection. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 91:1996;1112-1115.
6. Armstrong C.P., Blower A.L. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and life threatening complications of peptic ulceration. Gut. 28:1987;527-532.
7. Asante M., Ahmed H., Patel P., Davis T., Finlayson C., Mendall M., Northfield T. Gastric mucosal hydrophobicity in duodenal ulceration, role of Helicobacter pylori infection density and mucus lipids. Gastroenterology. 113:1997;449-454.
8. Avunduk C., Suliman M., Gang D., Polakowski N., Eastwood G.L. Gastroduodenal mucosal prostaglandin generation in patients with Helicobacter pylori before and after treatment with bismuth subsalicylate. Dig. Dis. Sci. 36:1991;431-434.
9. Axon A.T.R. The role of omeprazole and antibiotic combinations in the eradication of H. pylori: An update. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 29:((Suppl. 205)):1994;31-37.
10. Axon A.T.R., O'Connor H.J. Role of acid inhibition in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: chairmen's introduction. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 28:((Suppl. 196)):1993;1-2.
11. Banerjee S.K., Weston A.P., Persons D.L., Campbell D.R. Non-random loss of chromosome 3 during transition of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric MALT to B-cell MALT lymphoma revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cancer Lett. 121:1997;83-90.
12. Bayerdörffer E., Neubauer A., Rudolph B., Thiede C., Lehn N., Edit S., Stolte M. Regression of primary gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Lancet. 345:1995;1591-1594.
13. Bechi P., Del R., di Bello M., Masini E. Helicobacter pylori potentiates histamine release from serosal rat mast cells in vitro. Dig. Dis. Sci. 38:1993;944-949.
14. Blaser M.J. Helicobacter pylori and the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal inflammation. J. Infect. Dis. 161:1990;626-633.
15. Blaser M.J. Helicobacter pylori, microbiology of a 'slow' bacterial pathogen. Trends Microbiol. 1:1993;225-260.
16. Blaser M.J., Perez-Perez G.I., Cover T.L., Peek R.M., Chyou P.H., Stemmermann G.N., Nomura A. Infection with Helicobacter pylori strains possessing cagA is associated with an increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Cancer Res. 55:1995;2111-2115.
17. Bódis B., Karádi O., Vörös S., Mózsik Gy. Has sonicated H. pylori any direct cellular effect. Bajtai A, Papp J, Rácz I, Simon L. Helicobacter pyloriHungarian Gastroenterology. 1995;137-142 Medicom, Budapest.
18. Boot H., de Jong D., Van Heerde P., Taal B. Role of Helicobacter pylori in high grade MALT lymphoma. Lancet. 346:1995;448-449.
19. Borody T.J., Clark I.W., Andrews P., Hugh T.B., Shortis N.P. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori may not reverse severe gastric dysplasia. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 90:1995;498.
20. Calvert R., Randerson J., Evans P., Cawkwell L., Lewis F., Dixon M.F., Jacks A., Owen R., Shiach C., Morgan G.J. Genetic abnormalities during transition from Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis to low grade MALToma. Lancet. 345:1995;26-27.
21. Cammarota G., Papa A., Tursi A., Cuoco L., Fedeli G., Gasbarrini G. Pathogenesis of MALT lymphoma, an antigen-dependent process. Gastroenterology. 113:1997;1810.
22. Cammarota G., Montalto M., Tursi A., Vecchio F.M., Fedeli G., Gasbarrini G. Helicobacter pylori reinfection and rapid relapse of low-grade B-cell gastric lymphoma. Lancet. 345:1995;192.
23. Cammarota G., Tursi A., Montalto M., Papa A., Branca G., Vecchio F.M., Renzi C., Verzi A., Armuzzi A., Pretolani S., et al. Prevention and treatment of low-grade B-cell primary gastric lymphoma by anti-H. pylori therapy. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 21:1995;118-122.
24. Carlson S.J., Yukoo H., Vanagunas A. Progression of gastritis to monoclonal B-cell lymphoma with resolution and recurrence following eradication of Helicobacter pylori. JAMA. 275:1996;937-939.
25. Cave T.R., Cave D.R. Helicobacter pylori stimulates pepsin secretion from isolated rabbit gastric glands. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 26:((Suppl. 181)):1991;9-14.
26. Chen J.J., Changhchien C.S., Tai D.I., Chiou S.S., Lee G.M., Kuo C.H. Role of H. pylori in cirrhotic patients with peptic ulcer. A serological study. Dig. Dis. Sci. 39:1994;1565-1568.
27. Chow K.W., Bank S., Ahn J., Roberts J., Blumstein M., Kranz V. Helicobacter pylori infection does not increase gastric antrum mucosal cell proliferation. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 90:1995;64-70.
28. Correa P., Fox J., Fontham E., Ruiz B., Lin Y., Zauala D., Taylor N., Mackinley D., deLima E., Portilla H., Zarama G. Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinoma. Serum antibody prevalence in populations with contrasting cancer risks. Cancer. 66:1990;569-574.
29. Cover T.L., Blaser M.J. Purification and characterization of the vacuolating toxin from Helicobacter pylori. J. Biol. Chem. 267:1992;10570-10575.
30. Cover T.L., Dooley C.P., Blaser M.J. Characterisation and human serologic response to proteins in Helicobacter pylori broth culture supernatants with vacuolising cytotoxin activity. Infect. Immun. 58:1990;603-610.
31. Craanen M.E., Blok P., Dekker W., Tytgat G.N.J. Helicobacter pylori and early gastric cancer. Gut. 35:1994;1372-1374.
32. Crabtree J.E., Spencer J. Immunologic aspects of Helicobacter pylori infection and malignant transformation of B cells. Semin. Gastrointest. Dis. 7:1996;30-40.
33. Crabtree J.E., Shallcross T.M., Heatley R.V., Wyatt J.I. Mucosal tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin-6 in patients with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis. Gut. 32:1991;1473-1477.
34. Craig P.M., Territo M.C., Karnes W.E., Walsh J.H. Helicobacter pylori secretes a chemotactic factor for monocytes and neutrophils. Gut. 33:1992;1020-1023.
35. Cutler A.F., Prasad V.M., Santogade P. Four-year trends in Helicobacter pylori IgG serology following successful eradication. Am. J. M. 105:1998;18-20.
36. Danesh J., Collins R., Peto R. Chronic infections and coronary heart disease: is there is a link? Lancet. 250:1997;430-436.
37. DeBoer W.A., Tytgat G.N.J. The best therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: should efficacy or side-effect profile determine our choice. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 30:1995;401-407.
38. + H. pylori strains and gastric lymphoma. Gastroenterology. 113:1997;2022.
39. Delaney B.C., Hobbs F.D.R., Holder R. Eradication of the infection on grounds of cardiovascular risk is not supported by current evidence. Br. Med. J. 312:1996;251-252.
40. Di Campli C., Gasbarrini A., Nucera E., Franceschi F., Ojetti V., Sanz Torre E., Schiauino D., Pola P., Patriarca G., Gasbarrini G. Beneficial effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on idiopathic chronic urticaria. Dig. Dis. Sci. 43:1998;1226-1229.
41. Dobrilla G., Zancanella L., Amplatz S. The need for long-term treatment of peptic ulcer. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 7:((Suppl. 2)):1993;3-15.
42. Doenges J.L. Spirochetes in gastric glands of Macacus rhesus and humans without definite history of related disease. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. M. 38:1938;536-538.
43. Eastwood G.L. The role of smoking in peptic ulcer disease. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 10:((Suppl. 1)):1988;S19-S23.
44. Eck M., Schmauber B., Haas R., Greiner A., Czub S., Müller-Hermelink H.K. MALT-type lymphoma of the stomach is associated with Helicobacter pylori strains expressing the cagA proteins. Gastroenterology. 112:1997;1482-1488.
45. Edit S., Stolle M., Fischer R. Helicobacter pylori gastritis and primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J. Clin. Pathol. 47:1994;1436-1439.
46. El-Omar E., Penman I., Dorrian C.A., Ardill J.S., McColl K.E.L. Eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection lowers gastrin mediated acid secretion by two thirds in patients with duodenal ulcer. Gut. 34:1993;1060-1065.
47. El-Omar E.M., Penman I.D., Ardill J.E., Chittajallu R.S., Howie C., McColl K.E. Helicobacter pylori infection and abnormalities of acid secretion in patients with duodenal ulcer disease. Gastroenterology. 109:1995;681-691.
48. Faller G., Steininger H., Kränzlein J., Maul H., Kerkau T., Hensen J., Hahn E.G., Kirchner T. Antigastric autoantibodies in Helicobacter pylori infection, implications of histological and clinical parameters of gastritis. Gut. 41:1997;619-623.
49. Feldman M. Bicarbonate, acid, and duodenal ulcer. New Engl. J. M. 316:1987;408-409.
50. Feldman M., Walker P. Controlled study of psychological factors in peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Gastroenterology. 86:1984;1075-1079.
51. Figura N. Helicobacter pylori factors involved in the development of gastroduodenal mucosal damage and inflammation. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 25:((Suppl. 1)):1997;S149-S163.
52. Forman D. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric cancer. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 9:((Suppl. 2)):1995;71-76.
53. Fraser A.G., Sim R., Sankey E.A., Dhillon A.P., Pounder R.E. Effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on gastric epithelial cell proliferation. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 8:1994;167-173.
54. Freedberg A.S., Barron L.E. The presence of spirochetes in human gastric mucosa. Am. J. Dig. Dis. 7:1940;443-445.
55. Fukuda T., Kimura S., Arakawa T., Kobayashi K. Possible role of leukotriene in gastritis associated with Campylobacter pylori. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 12:((Suppl. 1)):1990;S131-S134.
56. Gasbarrini A., Serricchio M., Tondi P., Gasbarrini G., Pola P. Association of H. pylori infection with Raynaud's phenomenon. Lancet. 348:1996;966-967.
57. Gasbarrini A., Franceschi F., Gasbarrini G., Pola P. Extraintestinal pathology associated with Helicobacter infection. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9:1997;231-233.
58. Gasbarrini A., Massari M., Serricchio M., Tondi P., De Luca A., Franceschi F., Ojetti V., DalLago A., Flore A., Santoliquido A., Gasbarrini G., Pola P. Helicobacter pylori eradication ameliorates primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Dig. Dis. Sci. 43:1998;1641-1645.
59. Gionchetti P., Vaira D., Campieri M., Holton J., Menegatti M., Belluzi A., Bertinelli E., Ferretti M., Brignola C., Miglioli M., Barbara L. Enhanced mucosal interleukin-6 and -8 in Helicobacter pylori-positive dyspeptic patients. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89:1994;883-887.
60. Gisbertz I.A., Jonkers D.M., Arends J.W., Bot F.J., Stockbrugger R.W., Vrints L.W., Schouten H.C. Specific detection of Helicobacter pylori and non-Helicobacter pylori flora in small- and large-cell primary gastric B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann. Oncol. 8:((Suppl. 2)):1997;33-36.
61. Goodwin C.S., Armstrong J.A., Chilvers A. Transfer of Campylobacter pylori and Campylobacter mustelae to Helicobacter gen. nov. as Helicobacter pylori comb-nov and Helicobacter mustelae comb-nov., respectively. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39:1989;397-405.
62. Gottfried E.B., Korsten M.A., Lieber C.S. Alcohol-induced gastric and duodenal lesions in man. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 70:1978;587-592.
63. Graham D.Y., Malaty H.M., Evans D.G., Evans D.J., Klein P.D., Adam E. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in an asymptomatic population in the United States. Effect of age, race, and socioeconomic status. Gastroenterology. 100:1991;1495-1501.
64. Graham D.Y., Klein P.D., Evans D.C. Helicobacter pylori, epidemiology, relationship to gastric cancer and the role of infants in transmission. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 4:((Suppl. 1)):1992;S1-S6.
65. Graham D.Y., Hepps K.S., Ramirez F.C., Lew G.M., Saeed Z.A. Treatment of H. pylori reduces the rate of rebleeding in complicated peptic ulcer disease. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 28:1993;939-942.
66. Graham J.R. Helicobacter pylori, human pathogen or simply an opportunist? Lancet. 345:1995;1095-1097.
67. Grossman M.I. Peptic ulcer: the pathophysiological background. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 15:((Suppl. 58)):1980;7-15.
68. Hahm K.B., Lee K.J., Choi S.Y., Kim J.H., Cho S.W., Yim H., Park S.J., Chung M.H. Possibility of chemoprevention by the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in H. pylori infection. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92:1997;1853-1857.
69. Han B.G., Kim H.S., Rhee K.H., Han H.S., Chung M.H. Effects of rebamipide on gastric cell damage by Helicobacter pylori-stimulated human neutrophils. Pharmacol. Res. 32:1995;201-207.
70. Hansson L.E., Nyrén O., Hsing A.W., Bergström R., Josefsson S., Chow W.H., Fraumeni J.F., Adami H.O. The risk of stomach cancer in patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer disease. New Engl. J. M. 335:1996;242-249.
71. Hawkey C.J. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and peptic ulcers. Br. J. M. 300:1990;278-284.
72. Hazell S.L., Evans D.J., Graham D.Y. Helicobacter pylori catalase. J. Gen. Microbiol. 137:1991;57-61.
73. Herbay A.V., Schreiter H., Rudi J. Simultaneous gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT-type lymphoma in Helicobacter pylori infection. Virchow''s Arch. 427:1995;445-446.
74. Hibi K., Mitomi H., Koizumi W., Tanabe S., Saigenji K., Okayasu I. Enhanced cellular proliferation and p53 accumulation in gastric mucosa chronically infected with Helicobacter pylori. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 108:1997;26-34.
75. Horstmann M., Erttmann R., Winkler K. Relapse of MALT lymphoma associated with Helicobacter pylori after antibiotic treatment. Lancet. 343:1994;1098-1099.
76. Houben G.M., Stockbrugger R.W. Bacteria in the aetio-pathogenesis of gastric cancer: a review. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 30:((Suppl. 212)):1995;13-18.
77. Huang J.Q., Hunt R.H. Review: eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Problems and recommendations. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 12:1997;590-598.
78. Hunt R.H. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am. J. M. 100:((Suppl. 5A)):1996;42S-51S.
79. Hurlimann S., Dür S., Schwab P., Varga L., Mazzucchelli L., Brand R., Halter F. Effects of Helicobacter pylori on gastritis, pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion, and meal-stimulated plasma gastrin release in the absence of peptic ulcer disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 93:1998;1277-1285.
80. Hussell T., Isaacson P.G., Crabtree J.E., Spencer J. The response of cells from low-grade B-cell gastric lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue to Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 342:1993;571-574.
81. Huzell S. H. pylori in developing countries. Hunt R.H, Tytgat G.N.J. Helicobacter pyloriBasic Mechanisms to Clinical Cure. 1994;85-94 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dortrecht.
82. Isaacson P.G. Lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Histopathology. 16:1990;617-619.
83. Isaacson P.G. Recent developments in our understanding of gastric lymphoma. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 20:((Suppl. 1)):1996;S1-S7.
84. Jaspersen D., Fassbinder W., Heinkele P., Kronsbein H., Schorr W., Raschka C., Brennenstuhl M. Significantly lower prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in uremic patients than in patients with normal renal function. J. Gastroenterol. 30:1995;585-588.
85. Jones N.L., Shannon P.T., Cutz E., Yeger H., Sherman P.M. Increase in proliferation and apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells early in the natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am. J. Pathol. 151:1997;1695-1703.
86. Jordan R.C.K., Diss T.C., Milson C., Wilson M., Speight P.M. Absence of Helicobacter pylori DNA in salivary lymphoepithelial lesions. J. Oral Pathol. M. 26:1997;454-457.
87. Kalia N., Jacobs K.D., Brown N.J., Reed M.W.R., Norton D., Bardhan K.D. Studies on the gastric mucosal microcirculation.2. Helicobacter pylori water soluble extracts induce platelet aggregation in the gastric mucosal microcirculation in vivo. Gut. 41:1997;748-752.
88. Katelaris P.H., Jones D.B. Editorial. Testing for Helicobacter pylori infection after antibiotic treatment. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92:1997;1245-1247.
89. Kawano S., Tsujii M., Fusamoto H., Sato N., Kamada T. Chronic effect of intragastric ammonia on gastric mucosal structures in rats. Dig. Dis. Sci. 36:1991;33-38.
90. Kemppainen H., Raiha I., Sourander L. Serum pepsinogen I and gastrin in peptic ulcer patients using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Hepatogastroenterology. 44:1997;1143-1146.
91. Kitano A., Oshitani N., Matsumoto T., Kobayashi K. Regression of salivary gland MALT lymphoma after treatment for Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 348:1996;268-276.
92. Komoto K., Haruma K., Kamada T., Tanaka S., Yoshihara M., Sumi K., Kajiyama G., Talley N.J. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric neoplasia: correlations with histological gastritis and tumor histology. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 93:1998;1271-1276.
93. Krientiz W. Über das Auftreten von Spirochäten verschiedener Form im Mageninhalt bei Carcinoma Ventriculi. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 28:1906;872.
94. Kuipers E.J., Uyterlinde A.M., Pena A.S., Roosendaal R., Pals G., Nelis G.F., Festen H.P.M., Meuwissen S.G.M. Long-term sequelae of Helicobacter pylori infection. Lancet. 345:1995;1525-1528.
95. Kurata J.H., Haile B.M. Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease. Isenberg J.I, Johansson C. Clinics in Gastroenterology. vol. 13:1984;289-307 WB Saunders Co., London.
96. Langman M.J.S. Ulcer complications and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Am. J. M. 84:((Suppl. 2A)):1988;15-19.
97. Lee F.I., Samloff I.M., Hardman M. Comparison of tri-potassium di-citrato bismuthate tablets with ranitidine in healing and relapse of duodenal ulcers. Lancet. i:1985;1299-1302.
98. Leunk R.D. Production of a cytotoxin by Helicobacter pylori. Rev. Infect. Dis. 13:1991;S686-S689.
99. Leunk R.D., Johnson P.T., David B.C., Kraft W.G., Morgan D.R. Cytotoxic activity in broth-culture filtrates of Campylobacter pylori. J. Med. Microbiol. 26:1988;93-99.
100. Lichtenberger L.M., Graziani L.A., Dial E.J., Butler B.D., Hills B.A. Role of surface-active phospholipids in gastric cytoprotection. Science. 219:1988;1327-1329.
101. Lip G.Y.H., Wise K., Buvero G. Study shows association between H. pylori infection and hypertension. Br. Med. J. 312:1996;250-251.
102. Lynch D.A. Axon ATR, Helicobacter pylori, gastric cancer and gastric epithelial kinetics, a review. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 7:((Suppl. 1)):1995;S17-S23.
103. Maconi G., Lazzaroni M., Sagaletti O., Bargiggia S., Vago L., Bianchi-Porro G. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric histology, serum gastrin and pepsinogen I levels, and gastric emptying in patients with gastric ulcer. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92:1997;1844-1848.
104. Maekawa T., Kinoshita Y., Matsushima Y., Okada A., Fukui H., Waki S., Kishi K., Kawanami C., Nakata H., Hassan S., Wakatsuki Y., Ota H., Armano K., Nakao M., Chiba T. Helicobacter pylori induces proinflammatory cytokines and major histocompatibility complex class II antigen in mouse gastric epithelial cells. J. Lab. Clin. M. 130:1997;442-449.
105. Marshall B.J. Helicobacter pylori. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89:((Suppl.)):1994;S116-S128.
106. Marshall B.J. Epidemiology of H. pylori in Western countries. Hunt R.H, Tytgat G.N.J. Helicobacter pyloriBasic Mechanisms to Clinical Cure. 1994;75-84 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dorsrecht.
107. Marshall B.J., Armstrong J.A., McGechie D.B., Glancy R.J. Attempt to fulfill Koch's postulates for pyloric Campylobacter. Med. J. Aust. 142:1985;436-439.
108. Marshall B.J., Barrett J.J., Prakash C., McCallum R.W., Guerrant R.L. Urea protects Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori from the bactericidal effects of acid. Gastroenterology. 99:1990;697-702.
109. Martin D.F., Hollanders D., Way S.J., Tweedle D.E.F., Ravenscroft M.M., Miller J.P. Difference in relapse rates of duodenal ulcer after healing with cimetidine or tripotassium dicitrato bismthate. Lancet. i:1981;7-10.
110. Matsui T., Matsukawa Y., Sakai T., Nakamura K., Aoike A., Kawai K. Effect of ammonia on human gastric cancer cells. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 7:((Suppl. 1)):1995;S79-S81.
111. McColl K.E.L., El-Nujumi A.M., Chittajallu R.S., Dahill S.W., Dorrian C.A., El-Omar E., Penman I., Fit Z., Simons E.J., Drain J., Graham H., Ardill J.E.S., Bescent R. A study of the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori negative chronic duodenal ulceration. Gut. 34:1993;762-768.
112. Messer J., Reitman D., Sacko H.S., Smith H., Chalmers T.C. Association of adrenocorticosteroid therapy and peptic ulcer disease. New Engl. J. M. 309:1983;21-24.
113. Meucci G., Tatarella M., Vecchi M., Ranzi M.L., Biguzzi E., Beccari G., Clerici E., De Franchis R. High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with colonic adenomas and carcinomas. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 25:1997;606-607.
114. Miller T.A. Protective effects of prostaglandins against gastric mucosal damage: current knowledge and proposed mechanisms. Am. J. Physiol. 245:1983;G601-G623.
115. Miller T.A. Gastroduodenal mucosal defense: factors responsible for the ability of the stomach and duodenum to resist injury. Surgery. 109:1988;389-397.
116. Misiewicz J.J. Helicobacter pylori: past, present, and future. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 27:((Suppl. 194)):1992;25-29.
117. Misra U., Misra S.P., Dwivedi M., Singh P.A. Point prevalence of peptic ulcer and gastric histology in healthy indians with Helicobacter pylori infection. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92:1997;1487-1491.
118. Mobley H.L.T. Defining Helicobacter pylori as a pathogen: strain heterogenicity and virulence. Am. J. M. 100:((Suppl. 5A)):1996;2S-11S.
119. Mobley H.L.T., Hu L.T., Foxall P.A. Helicobacter pylori urease, properties and role in pathogenesis. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 26:((Suppl. 187)):1991;39-46.
120. Mohamed A.H., Hunt R.H. The rationale of acid suppression in the treatment of acid-related disorders. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 8:((Suppl. 1)):1994;3-10.
121. Monno R., Ierardi E., Munno I., Marcuccio C., Valenza M.A., Margiotta M., Francavilla A. Cytokine expression and epithelial proliferation in chronic erosions of the antral mucosa associated with Helicobacter pylori. Biomed. Lett. 55:1997;105-113.
122. Montalban C., Manzanal A., Boixeda D., Redondo C., Bellas C. Treatment of low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma with Helicobacter pylori eradication. Lancet. 34:1995;798-799.
123. Montalban C., Manzanal A., Boixeda D., Redondo C., Alvarez I., Calleja J.L., Bellas C. Helicobacter pylori eradiaction for the treatment of low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma, follow-up together with sequential molecular studies. Ann. Oncol. 8:((Suppl. 2)):1997;37-39.
124. Mossi S., Meyer-Wyss B., Renner E.L., Merki H.S., Gamboni G., Beglinger C. Influence of Helicobacter pylori, sex, and age on serum gastrin and pepsinogen concentrations in subjects without symptoms and patients with duodenal ulcers. Gut. 34:1993;752-756.
125. Murray L.J., Bamford K.B., O'Reilly D.P.J., McCrum E.E., Evans A.E. Helicobacter pylori infection, relation with cardiovascular risk factros, ischaemic heart disease, and social class. Br. Heart J. 74:1995;497-501.
126. Nagashima R., Takeda H., Maeda K., Ohno S., Takahashi T. Regression of duodenal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology. 111:1996;1674-1678.
127. Nakajima S., Krishnan B., Ota H., Segura A.M., Hattori T., Graham D.Y., Genta R.M. Mast cell involvement in gastritis with or without Helicobacter pylori infection. Gastroenterology. 113:1997;746-754.
128. Nakao K., Imoto I., Ikemura N., Shibata T., Takaji S., Taguchi Y., Misaki M. Relation of lactoferrin levels in gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori infection and with the degree of gastric inflammation. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92:1997;1005-1011.
129. Nielsen H., Andersen L.P. Activation of phagocytes by Helicobacter pylori correlates with the clinical presentation of the gastric infection. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 27:1995;347-350.
130. Nomura A., Stemmermann G., Chyou P.H., Kato I., Perez-Perez G.I., Blaser M.J. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinoma among Japanese-Americans in Hawaii. New Engl. J. M. 325:1991;1132-1136.
131. O'Connor H.J., Axon A.T.R. Campylobacter pylori, gastric ulceration and the post-operative stomach. Rathbone B.J, Heathley R.V. Campylobacter pyloriand Gastroduodenal Disease. 1989;125-138 Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
132. Oldenburg B., Diepersloot R.J.A., Hoekstra J.B.L. High serprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in diabetes mellitus patients. Dig. Dis. Sci. 41:1996;458-461.
133. Parente F., Molteni P., Bollani S., Maconi G., Vago L., Duca P.G., Rembacken B., Axon A.T.R., Porro G.B. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and related upper gastrointestinal lesions in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. A cross-sectional study with matching. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 32:1997;1140-1146.
134. Parsonnet J. Bacterial infection as a cause of cancer. Environ. Health Perspect. 103:((Suppl. 8)):1995;263-268.
135. Parsonnet J. Helicobacter pylori in the stomach- A paradox unmasked. New Engl. J. M. 335:1996;278-280.
136. Parsonnet J., Hansen S., Rodgriguez L., Gelb A.B., Warnke R.A., Jellum E., Orentreich N., Vogelman J.H., Friedman G.D. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma. New Engl. J. M. 330:1994;1267-1271.
137. Patel P., Mendall M.A., Carrington D., Strachan D.P., Leathan E., Molineaux N., Levy J., Blakeston C., Sezmour C.A., Camm A.J. Association of Helicobacter pylori and Clamydia pneumoniae infections with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors. Br. J. M. 311:1995;711-714.
138. Penston J. Review article, Helicobacter pylori eradication-understandable caution but no excuse for inertia. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 8:1994;369-389.
139. Perez-Paramo M., Albillos A., Calleja J.L., Salas C., Marin M.C., Marcos M.L., Cacho G., Escartin P., Ortiz-Berrocal J. Changes in gastrin and serum pepsinogens in monitoring of Helicobacter pylori response to therapy. Dig. Dis. Sci. 42:1997;1734-1740.
140. Peura D.A. Helicobacter pylori and ulcerogenesis. Am. J. M. 100:((Suppl. 5A)):1996;195-211S.
141. Plebani M., Basso D., Rugge M., Vianello F., Di Mario F. Influence of Helicobacter pylori on tryptase and cathepsin D in peptic ulcer. Dig. Dis. Sci. 40:1995;2473-2476.
142. Ponzetto A., Larovere M.T., Sanseverino P., Bazzoli F. Study confirms previous findings. Br. Med. J. 312:1996;250-251.
143. Raderer M., Wrba F., Kornek G., Maca T., Koller D.Y., Weinlaender G., Hejna M., Scheithauer W. Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and pancreatic cancer. Oncology. 55:1998;16-19.
144. Rauws E.J., Tytgat G.N.J. Cure of duodenal ulcer disease associated with eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 335:1990;1233-1235.
145. Rauws E.A.J., Langenberg W., Houthoff H.J., Zanen H.C., Tytgat G.N.J. Campylobacter pyloridis-associated chronic antral gastritis. Gastroenterology. 94:1988;33-40.
146. René W.M., van der Hulst R.W.M., van der Ende A., Dekker F.W., TenKate F.J.W., Weel J.F.L., Tytgat G.N.J. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastritis in relation to cagA, a prospective 1-year follow up study. Gastroenterology. 113:1997;25-30.
147. Ritchardson C.T. Pathogenetic factors in peptic ulcer disease. Am. J. M. 79:((Suppl. 2C)):1985;1-7.
148. Robera A., Drago F., Picciotto A. Helicobacter pylori in patients with rosacea. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89:1994;1603-1604.
149. Robera A., Drago F., Parodi A. May Helicobacter pylori be important for dermatologists? Dermatology. 191:1995;6-8.
150. Roine R.P., Salmela K.S., Höök-Nikanne J., Kosunen T.U., Salaspuro M. Alcohol dehydrogenase mediated acetaldehyde production by Helicobacter pylori-a possible mechanism behind gastric injury. Life Sci. 51:1992;1333-1337.
151. Rokkas T., Karameris A., Mavrogeogris A., Rallis E., Giannikos N. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori reduces the possibility of rebleeding in peptic ulcer disease. Gastrointest. Endosc. 41:1995;1-4.
152. Rubin C.E. Helicobacter pylori, gastric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer. New Engl. J. M. 335:1996;1841.
153. Rudi J., Kolb C., Maiwald M., Zuna I., von Herbay A., Galle P.R., Stremmel W. Serum antibodies against Helicobacter pylori proteins VacA and CagA are associated with increased risk for gastric adenocarcinoma. Dig. Dis. Sci. 42:1997;1652-1659.
154. Rugge M., Leandro G., Farinati F., Di Mario F., Sonego F., Cassaro M., Guido M., Nifo V. Gastric epithelial dysplasia. How clinicopathologic background relates to management. Cancer. 76:1995;376-382.
155. Rugge M., Cassare M., Leandro G., Baflla R., Avellini C., Bufo P., Stracca V., Buttaglia C., Fabiano A., Gueirini A., diMario F. Helicobacter pylori in promotion of gastric carcinogenesis. Dig. Dis. Sci. 41:1996;950-955.
156. Sakaki N., Momma K., Egawa N., Yamada Y., Kan T., Ishiwata J. The influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on the progression of gastric mucosal atrophy and occurrence of gastric cancer. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 7:((Suppl. 1)):1995;S59-S62.
157. Sarosiek J., Slomiany A., Slomiany B.L. Evidence for weakening of gastric mucosal integrity by Campylobacter pylori. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 23:1988;585-590.
158. Seppälä K., Pikkarainen P., Sipponen P., Kivilaakso E.E., Gormsen M.H. Cure of peptic gastric ulcer associated with eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Gut. 36:1995;834-837.
159. Seymour J.F., Anderson R.P., Bhathal P.S. Regression of gastric lymphoma with therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Ann. Intern. M. 127:1997;247-249.
160. Sharma V.K., Lynn A., Kaminiski M., Vasudeva R., Howden C.W. A study of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and other markers of upper gastrointestinal tract disease in patients with rosacea. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 93:1998;220-222.
161. Sidebotham R.L., Batten J.J., Karim Q.N., Spence J., Baron J.H. Breakdown of gastric mucus in presence of Helicobacter pylori. J. Clin. Pathol. 44:1991;52-57.
162. Siman J.H., Forsgren A., Berglund G., Floren C.H. Association between Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinoma in the city of Malmo, Sweden - A prospective study. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 32:1997;1215-1221.
163. Siringo S., Vaira D., Menegatti M., Piscaglia F., Sfia S., Gaetanic M., Migioli M., Corinaldesi R., Bolondi L. High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in liver cirrhosis, relationship with clinical and endoscopic features and the risk of peptic ulcer. Dig. Dis. Sci. 42:1997;2024-2030.
164. Slomiany B.L., Bilski J., Sarosiek J. Campylobacter pyloridis degrades mucin and undermines gastric mucosal integrity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 144:1987;307-314.
165. Sonnenberg A., Everhart J.E. The prevalence of self-reported peptic ulcer in the United States. Am. J. Public Health. 86:1996;200-205.
166. Soweid A.M., Zachary P.E. Jr,. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the oesophagus. Lancet. 348:1996;268.
167. Sprung D.J., Apter M.N. What is the role of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer and agstric cancer outside the big cities? J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 26:1998;60-63.
168. Steer H.W. Ultrastructure of cell migration through the gastric epithelium and its relationship to bacteria. J. Clin. Pathol. 28:1975;639-646.
169. Stolte M., Edit S. Lymphoid follicles in the antral mucosa, immune response to Campylobacter pylori. J. Clin. Pathol. 42:1989;1269-1271.
170. Stolte M., Edit S. Healing of gastric MALT lymphomas by eradicating H. pylori? Lancet. 342:1993;568.
171. Testino G., Sumberay A., Cornagyia M.E.T. Cyto-secretory correlations (stimulated gastrinemia, parietal cell mass, and acid secretion) in duodenal ulcer, role of Helicobacter pylori. Hepatogastroenterology. 42:1995;192-193.
172. Tham T.C., Sloan J.M., Collins J.S. Long-term semi-quantitative follow-up of Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis. Ir. J. Med. Sci. 166:1997;132-134.
173. . An international association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. Lancet. 341:1993;1359-1360.
174. Thiede C., Morgner A., Alpen B., Wuendisch T., Herrmann J., Ritter M., Ehninger G., Stolte M., Bayerdöerffer E., Neubauer A. What role does Helicobacter pylori eradication play in gastric MALT and gastric MALT lymphoma? Gastroenterology. 113:(Suppl. 6):1997;S61-S64.
175. Tsai C.J. Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease in cirrhotics. Dig. Dis. Sci. 43:1998;1219-1225.
176. Tursi A., Cammarota G., Papa A., Cuoco L., Fedeli G., Gasbarrini G. Long-term follow-up of disappearance of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue after anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92:1997;1849-1852.
177. Tytgat G.N.J. Review article, treatments that impact favourably upon the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and ulcer recurrence. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 8:1994;359-368.
178. Tytgat G.N.J., Axon A.T.R., Dixon M.F., Graham D.Y., Lee A., Marshall B.J. Helicobacter pylori: causal agent in peptic ulcer disease? in: Working Party Reports. 9th World Congress of Gastroenterology :1990;36-45 Blackwell Scientific Publications, Sydney, Australia.
179. Tytgat G.N., Naoch L.A., Rauws E.A. Helicobacter pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease. Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am. 22:1993;127-139.
180. Tytgat G.N., Lee A., Graham D.Y., Dixon M.F., Rokkas T. The role of infectious agents in peptic ulcer disease. Gastroenterol. Int. 6:1993;76-89.
181. van der Wouden E.J., van Zwet A.A., Vosmaer G.D., Oom J.A., de Jong A.,
182. Wagner S., Gladziwa U., Haruma K., Varrentrapp M., Gebel M. Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on 24 hour intragastric acidity in patients with gastritis and duodenal ulcers. Gut. 33:1992;1024-1028.
183. Wagner S., Haruma K., Gladziwa U., Soudah B., Gebel M., Bleck J., Schmidt H., Manns M. Helicobacter pylori infection and serum pepsinogen A, pepsinogen C, and gastrin in gastritis and peptic ulcer, significance of inflammation and effect of bacterial eradication. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89:1994;1211-1218.
184. Wagner S., Beil W., Westermann J., Logan R.P.H., Bock C.T., Trautwein, Bleck J., Manns M.P. Regulation of gastric epithelial cell growth by Helicobacter pylori: Evidence for a major role of apoptosis. Gastroenterology. 113:1997;1836-1847.
185. Wagtmans M.J., Witte A.M., Tazlor D.R., Biemond I., Veenendaal R.A., Verspget H.W., Lamers C.B., van Hogeyand R.A. Low seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in historical sera of aptients with Crohns' disease. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 32:1997;712-718.
186. Wald N.J., Law M.R., Morris J.K., Bagnall A.M. Helicobacter pylori infection and mortality from ischaemic heart disease, negative result from a large, prospective study. Br. J. M. 315:1997;1199-1201.
187. Warren J.R., Marshall B. Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis. Lancet. i:1983;1273-1275.
188. Watanabe Y., Kurata J.H., Mizuno S., Mukai M., Inokuchi H., Miki K., Ozasa K., Kawai K. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. A nested case-control study in a rural area of Japan. Dig. Dis. Sci. 42:1997;1383.
189. Webb P.M., Bates C.J., Palli D., Forman D., Coleman M., De Backer G., Elder J., Moller H., DaMotta L.C., Roy P., Abid L., Tjoenneland A., Boeing H., et al. Gastric cancer, gastritis and plasma vitamin C: Results from an international correlation and cross sectional study. Int. J. Cancer. 73:1997;684-689.
190. Wee A., Kang J.Y., The M. Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer, correlation with gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and tumor histology. Gut. 33:1992;1029-1032.
191. Weston A.P., Cherian R., Horvat R.T., Lawrinenko V., Dixon A., McGregor D. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in Barrett's esophagus, prospective evaluation and association with gastric MALT, MALT lymphoma, and Helicobacter pylori. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92:1997;800-808.
192. Whincup P.H., Mendall P.A., Perry I.J., Strachan D.P., Walker N. Prospective relations between Helicobacter pylori infection, coronary heart disease, and stroke in middle aged men. Heart. 76:1996;568-572.
193. - Helicobacter pylori infection. J. Infect. Dis. 176:1997;1641-1644.
194. Wotherspoon A.C., Isaacson P.G. Synchronous adenocarcinoma and low grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of the stomach. Histopathology. 27:1995;325-331.
195. Wotherspoon A.C., Ortiz-Hidalgo C., Falzon M., Falzon M.R., Isaacson P.G. Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and primary B-cell gastric lymphoma. Lancet. 239:1991;1175-1176.
196. Wotherspoon A.C., Doglioni C., de Boni M., Spencer J., Isaacson P. Antibiotic treatment for low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma. Lancet. 343:1994;1503.
197. Wyatt J.I., Rathbone B.J. Immune response of the gastric mucosa to Campylobacter pylori. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 23:(Suppl. 142):1988;44-49.
198. Xia H.X., Talley N.J., Keane C.T., O'Morain C.A. Review: recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection after successful eradiaction: nature and possible causes. Dig. Dis. Sci. 42:1997;1821-1834.
199. Zucca E., Pinotti G., Roggero E., Comi M.A., Pascarella A., Capella C., Pedrinis E., Cavalli F. High incidence of other neoplasms in patients with low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma. Ann. Oncol. 6:1995;726-728.