Wintertime ozone fluxes and profiles above a subalpine spruce-fir forest

Journal of Applied Meteorology

Volumn 39, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 92-101

  Zeller, Karl ^a  

^a USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE INTERACTION; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; BOUNDARY LAYER; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; OZONE;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0034030699     PISSN: 08948763     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(2000)039<0092:WOFAPA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Businger, J. A., 1986: Evaluation of the accuracy with which dry deposition can be measured with current micrometeorological techniques. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 25, 1100-1124.
2. Chameides, W. L., and J. P. Lodge, 1992: Tropospheric ozone: Formation and fate. Surface Level Ozone Exposures and their Effects on Vegetation, A. S. Lefohn, Ed., Lewis Publishers, 5-30.
3. Denmead, O. T., and E. F. Bradley, 1985: Flux-gradient relationships in a forest canopy. The Forest - Atmosphere Interaction, B. A. Hutchison and B. B. Hicks, Eds., D. Reidel, 421-442.
4. Enders, G., 1992: Deposition of ozone to a mature spruce forest: Measurements and comparison to models. Environ. Pollut., 75, 61-67.
5. _, U. Teichmann, and G. Kramm, 1989: Profiles of ozone and surface layer parameters over a mature spruce stand. Mechanism and Effects of Pollutant-Transfer into Forests, H. W. Georgii, Ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers, 21-35.
6. Fitzjarrald, D. R., and K. E. Moore, 1992: Turbulent transports over tundra. J. Geophys. Res., 97 (D 15), 16717-16729.
7. Fontan, J., A. Minga, A. Lopez, and A. Druilhet, 1992: Vertical ozone profiles in a pine forest. Atmos. Environ., 26A, 863-869.
8. Galbally, I., and I. Allison, 1972: Ozone fluxes over snow surfaces. J. Geophys. Res., 77, 3946-3949.
9. Gao, W., and M. L. Wesely, 1994: Numerical modeling of turbulent fluxes of chemically reactive trace gases in the atmospheric boundary layer. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 835-847.
10. Hutchinson, G. L., and E. A. Davidson, 1993: Processes for production and consumption of gaseous nitrogen oxides in soil. Agricultural Ecosystem Effects on Trace Gases and Global Climate Change, Special Publ. 55, American Society of Agronomy, 79-93.
11. Kelly, J. J., Jr., and J. D. McTaggart-Cowen, 1968: Vertical gradient of net oxidant near the ground surface at Barrow, Alaska. J. Geophys. Res., 73, 3328-3330.
12. Lenschow, D. H., R. Pearson Jr., and B. B. Stankov, 1982: Measurements of ozone vertical flux to ocean and forest. J. Geophys. Res., 87 (C11), 8833-8837.
13. Leuning, R., and M. J. Judd, 1996: The relative merits of open- and closed-path analysers for measurement of eddy fluxes. Global Change Bio., 2, 241-253.
14. Lopez, A., J. Fontan, and A. Minga, 1993: Analysis of atmospheric ozone measurements over a pine forest. Atmos. Environ., 27 A, 555-564.
15. Massman, W. J., and K. F. Zeller, 1988: Rapid method for correcting the non-cosine response errors of the Gill propeller anemometer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 5, 862-869.
16. _, D. G. Fox, and K. F. Zeller, 1990: Verifying eddy correlation measurements of dry deposition: A study of energy balance components of the Pawnee Grasslands. Research Paper RM-288, USDA Forest Service RMFRES, Ft. Collins, CO.
17. 4 through layered snowpacks. J. Geophys. Res, 102 (D15), 18 851-18 863.
18. Matt, D. R., and J. D. Womak, 1989: Atmospheric surface exchange of ozone to a spruce forest: Measured and inferred. Ozone in the Atmosphere, R. D. Bojkov and P. Fabian, Eds., Deepak Publishing, 490-493.
19. McMillen, R. T., 1988: An eddy correlation technique with extended applicability to non-simple terrain. Bound.-Laver Meteor., 43, 231-245.
20. Miller, D. R., J. D. Lin, and Z. N. Lu, 1991: Air flow across an alpine forest clearing: A model and field measurements. Agric. For. Meteor., 56, 209-225.
21. Musselman, R. C., Ed., 1994: The Glacier Lakes ecosystem experiments site (GLEES): An alpine global change research study area. Tech. Rep. RM-249, USDA Forest Service RMFRES, Ft. Collins, CO, 94 pp.
22. y relationships at a rural site. J. Geophys. Res., 99 (D7), 14 557-14 563.
23. 2 over three surfaces. Atmos. Environ., 27A, 807-814.
24. 3 photostationary state at Niwot Ridge, Colorado. J. Geophys. Res., 91 (D5), 5361-5370.
25. Prentice, I. C., C. Wolfgang, S. P. Harrison, R. Leemans, R. A. Monserud, and A. M. Solomon, 1992: A global biome model based on plant physiology and dominance, soil properties and climate. J. Biogeogr., 19, 117-134.
26. Raupach, M. R., 1989: Stand overstory processes. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B, 324, 175-190.
27. Ray, J. D., D. H. Stedman, and G. J. Wendel, 1986: Fast chemiluminescent method for measurement of ambient ozone. Anal. Chem., 58, 598-600.
28. Rondon, A., C. Johansson, and L. Granat, 1993: Dry deposition of nitrogen dioxide and ozone to coniferous forests. J. Geophys. Res., 98 (D3), 5159-5172.
29. 2O flux through a Wyoming snowpack and implications for global budgets. Nature, 361, 140-142.
30. 2 fluxes over snow measured by eddy correlation. Atmos. Environ., 29, 1299-1305.
31. Wesely, M. L., 1983: Turbulent transport of ozone to surfaces common in the eastern half of the United States. Trace Atmospheric Constituents: Properties, Transformations, and Fates, S. E. Schwartz, Ed., John Wiley and Sons, 345-370.
32. Wooldridge, G., K. Zeller, and R. Musselman, 1997: Ozone concentration characteristics in and over a high-elevation forest site. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 56, 153-164.
33. Wunderli, S., and R. Gehrig, 1990: Surface ozone in rural, urban and alpine regions of Switzerland. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 2641-2646.
34. Zeller, K., and T. Hehn, 1994: Wintertime anomalies in ozone deposition above a subalpine spruce fir forest. Proc. Fourth USDA Forest Service, Research and Applications of Chemical Sciences in Forestry, USDA, 131-138.
35. _, and _, 1995: Ozone deposition in a snow-covered subalpine spruce-fir environment. Proc. Boulder Symp., Biogeochemistry of Seasonally Snow-Covered Catchments, IAHS Publ. 228, 17-22.
36. _, and _, 1996: Measurements of upward turbulent ozone fluxes above a subalpine spruce-fir forest. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 841-844.
37. _, and Coauthors, 1993: Initial results from the Pawnee eddy correlation system for dry acid deposition research. Research Paper RM-282, USDA Forest Service RMFRES, Ft. Collins, CO, 44 pp.