Early medial collateral ligament scars have inferior creep behaviour

Journal of Orthopaedic Research

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 238-246

  Thornton, G M ^a   Leask, G P ^a   Shrive, N G ^a   Frank, C B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS LINKING; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; FLEXOR TENDON; HEALING; KNEE LIGAMENT; LIGAMENT INJURY; MUSCLE STRENGTH; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RABBIT; SCAR FORMATION; STRESS; VISCOELASTICITY; WATER CONTENT;

EID: 0034026345     PISSN: 07360266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100180211     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Ameny P, Jessop EL, Loov RE: Strength, elastic and creep properties of concrete masonry. Int J Masonry Construction 1:33-39, 1980
2. Bray RC, Shrive NG, Frank CB, Chimich DD: The early effects of joint immobilization on medial collateral ligament healing in an ACL-deficient knee: a gross anatomic and biomechanical investigation in the adult rabbit model. J Orthop Res 10:157-166, 1992
3. Butler DL, Malaviya P, Awad H, Boivin GP, Smith F: A multidisciplinary approach to analyzing tendon fibrocartilage mechanics, structure and chemistry. In: Abstracts of the Third World Congress of Biomechanics, p 213. Osaka University, Japan, WCB '98 Congress Office, 1998
4. Chimich D, Frank C, Shrive N, Dougall H, Bray R: The effects of initial end contact on medial collateral ligament healing: a morphological and biomechanical study in a rabbit model. J Orthop Res 9:37-47, 1991
5. Chimich D, Shrive N, Frank C, Marchuk L, Bray R: Water content alters viscoelastic behaviour of the normal adolescent rabbit medial collateral ligament. J Biomech 25:831-837, 1992
6. Cohen RE, Hooley CJ, McCrum NG: Viscoelastic creep of collagenous tissue. J Biomech 9:175-184, 1976
7. Concrete Design Handbook, chap 10, p 50. Ottawa, Canadian Portland Cement Association, 1995
8. Frank C, Amiel D, Akeson WH: Healing of the medial collateral ligament of the knee: a morphological and biochemical assessment in rabbits. Acta Orthop Scand 54:917-923, 1983
9. Frank C, Woo SL, Amiel D, Harwood F, Gomez M, Akeson W: Medial collateral ligament healing: a multidisciplinary assessment in rabbits. Am J Sports Med 11:379-389, 1983
10. Frank C, MacFarlane B, Edwards P, Rangayyan R, Liu Z-Q, Walsh S, Bray R: A quantitative analysis of matrix alignment in ligament scars: a comparison of movement versus immobilization in an immature rabbit model. J Orthop Res 9:219-227, 1991
11. Frank C, McDonald D, Bray D, Bray R, Rangayyan R, Chimich D, Shrive N: Collagen fibril diameters in the healing adult rabbit medial collateral ligament. Connect Tissue Res 27:251-263, 1992
12. Frank C, McDonald D, Wilson J, Eyre D, Shrive N: Rabbit medial collateral ligament scar weakness is associated with decreased collagen pyridinoline crosslink density. J Orthop Res 13:157-165, 1995
13. Gerritse A: Aramid-based pretensioning tendons. In: Alternative Materials for the Reinforcement and Pretensioning of Concrete, pp 172-201. Ed by JL Clarke. London, Blackie Academic and Professional, 1993
14. Hannafin JA, Arnoczky SP: Effect of cyclic and static tensile loading on water content and solute diffusion in canine flexor tendons: an in vitro study. J Orthop Res 12:350-356, 1994
15. Hart DP, Dahners LE: Healing of the medial collateral ligament in rats: the effect of repair, motion, and secondary stabilizing ligaments. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 69:1194-1199, 1987
16. Haut TL, Haut RC: The state of tissue hydration determines the strain-rate-sensitive stiffness of human patellar tendon [published erratum appears in J Biomech 30:311, 1997]. J Biomech 30:79-81, 1997
17. Holden JP, Grood ES, Korvick DL, Cummings JF, Butler DL, Bylski-Austrow DI: In vivo forces in the anterior cruciate ligament: direct measurements during walking and trotting in a quadruped. J Biomech 27:517-526, 1994
18. Jenkins RB, Little RW: A constitutive equation for parallel-fibered elastic tissue. J Biomech 7:397-402, 1974
19. Kwan MK, Lin TH, Woo SL: On the viscoelastic properties of the anteromedial bundle of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Biomech 26:447-452, 1993
20. Monleon Pradas M, Diaz Calleja R: Nonlinear viscoelastic behaviour of the flexor tendon of the human hand. J Biomech 23:773-781, 1990
21. Neville AM: Properties of Concrete, 3rd ed, pp 402-403. London, Pitman, 1981
22. Rasmussen TJ, Feder SM, Butler DL, Noyes FR: The effects of 4 Mrad of γ irradiation on the initial mechanical properties of bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts. Arthroscopy 10:188-197, 1994
23. SAS/STAT User's Guide, version 6, 4th ed, vol 2, pp 905-906. Cary, SAS Institute, 1990
24. SAS/STAT User's Guide, version 6, 4th ed, vol 2, pp 922-923. Cary, SAS Institute, 1990
25. SAS/STAT User's Guide, version 6, 4th ed, vol 2, pp 926-931. Cary, SAS Institute, 1990
26. Shrive N, Chimich D, Marchuk L, Wilson J, Brant R, Frank C: Soft-tissue "flaws" are associated with the material properties of the healing rabbit medial collateral ligament. J Orthop Res 13:923-929, 1995
27. Shrive NG, Lam TC, Damson E, Frank CB: A new method of measuring the cross-sectional area of connective tissue structures. J Biomech Eng 110:104-109, 1988
28. Thornton GM, Frank CB, Shrive NG, Leask GP: Ligament scar creeps more than normal ligament in early healing. Trans Orthop Res Soc 22:73, 1997
29. Thornton GM, Oliynyk A, Frank CB, Shrive NG: Ligament creep cannot be predicted from stress relaxation at low stress: a biomechanical study of the rabbit medial collateral ligament. J Orthop Res 15:652-656, 1997
30. Thornton GM, Sutherland CA, Barclay LD, Leask GP, Marchuk LL, Frank CB, Shrive NG: Creep is resisted by fibre recruitment in ligament: evidence from altered crimp patterns. Trans Orthop Res Soc 23:45, 1998
31. Viidik A: Simultaneous mechanical and light microscopic studies of collagen fibers. Z Anat Entwicklungsgesch 136:204-212, 1972
32. Woo SL: Mechanical properties of tendons and ligaments. I. Quasi-static and nonlinear viscoelastic properties. Biorheology 19:385-396, 1982
33. Woo SL-Y, Young EP, Ohland KJ, Marcin JP, Horibe S, Lin H-C: The effects of transection of the anterior cruciate ligament on healing of the medial collateral ligament. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 72:382-392, 1990
34. Yamamoto N, Takauchi M: In vivo measurement of patellar tendon force in rat during running on a treadmill. In: Abstracts of the Third World Congress of Biomechanics, p 461. Osaka University, Japan, WCB '98 Congress Office, 1998