Anisotropic stiffness parameters and their measurement in a stiff natural clay

Geotechnique

Volumn 50, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 109-125

  Lings, M L ^a   Pennington, D S ^a   Nash, D F T ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Anistropy; Clays; Elasticity; Laboratory tests; Stiffness

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; ELASTIC MODULI; ELASTICITY; POISSON RATIO; STIFFNESS; STRAIN RATE; STRESS ANALYSIS;

CROSS-ANISOTROPIC SOILS; NATURAL CLAYS;

CLAY;

ANISOTROPY; CLAY; ELASTICITY; LABORATORY METHOD; POISSON RATIO; STIFFNESS; YOUNG MODULUS;

EID: 0034016947     PISSN: 00168505     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1680/geot.2000.50.2.109     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Atkinson, J. H. & Sällfors, G. (1991). Experimental determination of stress-strain-time characteristics in laboratory and in-situ tests. General report. Proc. 10th Eur. Conf. Soil Mech. Found. Engng, Florence 3, 915-956.
2. Atkinson, J. H., Richardson, D. & Stallebrass, S. E. (1990). Effect of recent stress history on the stiffness of overconsolidated soil. Géotechnique 40, No. 4, 531-540.
3. Burland, J. B. (1989). Ninth Laurits Bjerrum Memorial Lecture: 'Small is beautiful' - the stiffness of soils at small strains. Can. Geotech. J. 26, 499-516.
4. Butcher, A. P. & Lord, J. A. (1993). Engineering properties of Gault Clay in and around Cambridge. Geotechnical Engineering of Hard Soils-Soft Rocks. (eds Anagnostopolos, A., Schlosser, F., Kalteziotis, N. and Frank, R.), 1, 1, pp. 405-416. Rotterdam: Balkema.
5. Clayton, C. R. I. & Khatrush, S. A. (1986). A new device for measuring local axial strains on triaxial specimens. Géotechnique 36, No. 4, 593-597.
6. Coop, M. R., Jovičić, V. & Atkinson, J. H. (1997). Comparisons between soil stiffnesses in laboratory tests using dynamic and continuous loading. Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Soil Mech. Found. Engng, Hamburg 1, 267-270.
7. Crampin, S. (1981). A review of wave motion in anisotropic and cracked elastic media. Wave Motion 3, 343-391.
8. Cuccovillo, T. & Coop, M. R. (1997). The measurement of local axial strains in triaxial tests using LVDTs. Géotechnique 47, No. 1, 167-171.
9. Georgiannou, V. N., Rampello, S. & Silvestri, F. (1991). Static and dynamic measurements of undrained stiffness on natural overconsolidated clays. Proc. 10th Eur. Conf. Soil Mech. Found. Engng, Florence 1, 91-95.
10. Graham, J. & Houlsby, G. T. (1983). Anisotropic elasticity of a natural clay. Géotechnique 33, No. 2, 165-180.
11. Hird, C. C. & Pierpoint, N. D. (1994). A non-linear anisotropic elastic model for overconsolidated clay based on strain energy. Proc. 3rd Eur. Conf. Numer. Methods Geotech. Engng, Manchester, 67-74.
12. Hird, C. C. & Pierpoint, N. D. (1997). Stiffness determination and deformation analysis for a trial excavation in Oxford Clay. Géotechnique 47, No. 3, 665-691.
13. Jamiolkowski, M., Lancellotta, R. & Lo Presti, D. C. F. (1995). Remarks on the stiffness at small strains of six Italian clays. In Developments in Deep Foundations and Ground Improvement Schemes (eds A. S. Balasubramaniam et al.), pp. 197-216. Rotterdam: Balkema.
14. Jardine, R. J. (1992). Some observations on the kinematic nature of soil stiffness. Soils Found. 32, No. 2, 111-124.
15. Jovičić, V. & Coop, M. R. (1998). The measurement of stiffness anisotropy in clays with bender element tests in the triaxial apparatus. Geotech. Test. J. 21, No. 1, 3-10.
16. Lings, M. L., Nash, D. F. T., Ng, C. W. W. & Boyce, M. D. (1991). Observed behaviour of a deep excavation in Gault clay: a preliminary appraisal. Proc. 10th Eur. Conf. Soil Mech. Found. Engng, Florence 2, 467-470.
17. Love, A. E. H. (1927). A treatise on the mathematical theory of elasticity. 4th edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
18. Muir Wood, D. (1990). Soil behaviour and critical state soil mechanics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
19. 0 shear moduli on void ratio and stress state for reconstituted Gault clay. 2nd Int. Symp. Pre-failure Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, Turin, 229-238.
20. Pennington, D. S. (1999). The anisotropic small strain stiffness of Cambridge Gault clay. PhD thesis, University of Bristol.
21. 0 shear stiffness in Gault Clay. Géotechnique 47, No. 3, 391-398.
22. Pickering, D. J. (1970). Anisotropic elastic parameters for soil Géotechnique 20, No. 3, 271-276.
23. Puzrin, A. M. & Burland, J. B. (1998). Non-linear model of small-strain behaviour of soils. Géoteclmique 48, No. 2, 217-233.
24. Raymond, G. P. (1970). Discussion: Stresses and displacements in a cross-anisotropic soil, by L. Barden. Géotechnique 20, No. 4, 456-458.
25. Roesler, S. K. (1979). Anistropic shear modulus due to stress anisotropy. J. Geotech. Eng. Div. A.S.C.E. 105, GT7, July, 871-880.
26. Simpson, B. (1992). Thirty-second Rankine Lecture: Retaining structures: displacement and design. Geotechnique 42, No. 4, 541-576.
27. Simpson, B., Atkinson, J. H. & Jovičić, V. (1996). The influence of anisotropy on calculations of ground settlements above tunnels. Proceedings of the international symposium on geotechnical aspects of underground construction in soft ground, pp. 591-594. Rotterdam: Balkema.
28. Stallebrass, S. E. & Taylor, R. N. (1997). The development and evaluation of a constitutive model for the prediction of ground movements in overconsolidated clay. Géotechnique 47, No. 2, 235-253.
29. Viggiani, G. & Atkinson, J. H. (1995). Stiffness of fine-grained soil at very small strains. Geotechnique 45, No. 2, 249-265.