메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 112, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 87-101

Uniqueness of primate forelimb posture during quadrupedal locomotion

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BODY POSTURE; FORELIMB; HINDLIMB; HUMERUS; LOCOMOTION; NONHUMAN; PRIMATE; WALKING;

EID: 0034007331     PISSN: 00029483     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(200005)112:1<87::AID-AJPA9>3.0.CO;2-B     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (118)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 0002434093 scopus 로고
    • Mechanics and scaling of terrestrial locomotion
    • Pedley T, editor. London: Academic Press
    • Alexander RM. 1977. Mechanics and scaling of terrestrial locomotion. In: Pedley T, editor. Animal locomotion. London: Academic Press. p 93-110.
    • (1977) Animal Locomotion , pp. 93-110
    • Alexander, R.M.1
  • 2
    • 0027128983 scopus 로고
    • A model of bipedal locomotion on compliant legs
    • Alexander RM. 1992. A model of bipedal locomotion on compliant legs. Philos Trans R Soc Lond [Biol] 338: 189-198.
    • (1992) Philos Trans R Soc Lond [biol] , vol.338 , pp. 189-198
    • Alexander, R.M.1
  • 3
    • 84985349762 scopus 로고
    • Stride lengths and stride frequencies of primates
    • Alexander RM, Maloiy GMO. 1984. Stride lengths and stride frequencies of primates. J Zool Lond 202:577-582.
    • (1984) J Zool Lond , vol.202 , pp. 577-582
    • Alexander, R.M.1    Maloiy, G.M.O.2
  • 4
    • 84985315692 scopus 로고
    • Allometry of the limb bones of mammals from shrews (Sorex) to elephant (Loxodonta)
    • Alexander RM, Jayes AS, Maloiy GMO, Wathuta EM. 1979. Allometry of the limb bones of mammals from shrews (Sorex) to elephant (Loxodonta). J Zool Lond 189:305-314.
    • (1979) J Zool Lond , vol.189 , pp. 305-314
    • Alexander, R.M.1    Jayes, A.S.2    Maloiy, G.M.O.3    Wathuta, E.M.4
  • 5
    • 0024909217 scopus 로고
    • The spring-mass model for running and hopping
    • Blickhan R. 1989. The spring-mass model for running and hopping. J Biomech 22:1217-1227.
    • (1989) J Biomech , vol.22 , pp. 1217-1227
    • Blickhan, R.1
  • 6
    • 0001813977 scopus 로고
    • Arboreal adaptations, and the origin of the order primates
    • Tuttle R, editor. Chicago: Aldine
    • Cartmill M. 1972. Arboreal adaptations, and the origin of the order Primates. In: Tuttle R, editor. The functional and evolutionary biology of primates. Chicago: Aldine. p 97-122.
    • (1972) The Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates , pp. 97-122
    • Cartmill, M.1
  • 7
    • 84942111663 scopus 로고
    • Pads and claws in arboreal locomotion
    • Jenkins FA Jr, editor. New York: Academic Press
    • Cartmill M. 1974. Pads and claws in arboreal locomotion. In: Jenkins FA Jr, editor. Primate locomotion. New York: Academic Press. p 45-83.
    • (1974) Primate Locomotion , pp. 45-83
    • Cartmill, M.1
  • 8
    • 0002361107 scopus 로고
    • Climbing
    • Hildebrand M, Bramble DM, Liem KF, Wake DB, editors. Cambridge: Belknap Press
    • Cartmill M. 1985. Climbing. In: Hildebrand M, Bramble DM, Liem KF, Wake DB, editors. Functional vertebrate morphology. Cambridge: Belknap Press. p 73-88.
    • (1985) Functional Vertebrate Morphology , pp. 73-88
    • Cartmill, M.1
  • 9
    • 0000115522 scopus 로고
    • New views on primate origins
    • Cartmill M. 1992. New views on primate origins. Evol Anthropol 1:105-111.
    • (1992) Evol Anthropol , vol.1 , pp. 105-111
    • Cartmill, M.1
  • 10
    • 0002006578 scopus 로고
    • Implications of postcranial evidence for the origin of euprimates
    • Dagosto M. 1988. Implications of postcranial evidence for the origin of euprimates. J Hum Evol 17:35-56.
    • (1988) J Hum Evol , vol.17 , pp. 35-56
    • Dagosto, M.1
  • 11
    • 51249170098 scopus 로고
    • Estimating the body size of Eocene primates: A comparison of results from dental and postcranial variables
    • Dagosto M, Terranova CJ. 1992. Estimating the body size of Eocene primates: a comparison of results from dental and postcranial variables. Int J Primatol 13: 307-344.
    • (1992) Int J Primatol , vol.13 , pp. 307-344
    • Dagosto, M.1    Terranova, C.J.2
  • 12
    • 0002037293 scopus 로고
    • Size-and speed-related aspects of quadrupedal walking in slender and slow lorises
    • Jouffroy FK, Stack MH, Niemitz C, editors. Florence: Il Sedicesimo
    • Demes B, Jungers WL, Nieschalk U. 1990. Size-and speed-related aspects of quadrupedal walking in slender and slow lorises. In: Jouffroy FK, Stack MH, Niemitz C, editors. Gravity, posture and locomotion in primates. Florence: Il Sedicesimo. p 175-197.
    • (1990) Gravity, Posture and Locomotion in Primates , pp. 175-197
    • Demes, B.1    Jungers, W.L.2    Nieschalk, U.3
  • 13
    • 0002705943 scopus 로고
    • The hindlimb drive of primates - Theoretical reconsideration and empirical examination of a widely held concept
    • Demes B, Larson SG, Stern JT Jr, Jungers WL. 1992. The hindlimb drive of primates - theoretical reconsideration and empirical examination of a widely held concept. Am J Phys Anthropol (Suppl] 14:69.
    • (1992) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 69
    • Demes, B.1    Larson, S.G.2    Stern J.T., Jr.3    Jungers, W.L.4
  • 15
    • 0018025371 scopus 로고
    • An electromyographic analysis of forelimb muscles during overground stepping in the cat
    • English AW. 1978a. An electromyographic analysis of forelimb muscles during overground stepping in the cat. J Exp Biol 76:105-122.
    • (1978) J Exp Biol , vol.76 , pp. 105-122
    • English, A.W.1
  • 16
    • 0017799314 scopus 로고
    • Functional analysis of the shoulder girdle of cats during locomotion
    • English AW. 1978b. Functional analysis of the shoulder girdle of cats during locomotion. J Morphol 156:279-292.
    • (1978) J Morphol , vol.156 , pp. 279-292
    • English, A.W.1
  • 18
    • 0004998327 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion, posture and habitat use of two sympatric leaf-monkeys in West Malaysia
    • Chivers DJ, Herbert J, editors. New York: Academic Press
    • Fleagle JG. 1978. Locomotion, posture and habitat use of two sympatric leaf-monkeys in West Malaysia. In: Chivers DJ, Herbert J, editors. Recent advances in primatology, volume 1, behavior. New York: Academic Press. p 331-336.
    • (1978) Recent Advances in Primatology, Volume 1, Behavior , vol.1 , pp. 331-336
    • Fleagle, J.G.1
  • 20
    • 38249032021 scopus 로고
    • Postcranial adaptations of the earliest platyrrhine
    • Ford SM. 1988. Postcranial adaptations of the earliest platyrrhine. J Hum Evol 17:155-192.
    • (1988) J Hum Evol , vol.17 , pp. 155-192
    • Ford, S.M.1
  • 21
    • 51249186635 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor behavior and feeding ecology of the panamanian tamarin (Saguinus oedipus geoffroyi, Callitrichidae, Primates)
    • Garber P. 1980. Locomotor behavior and feeding ecology of the Panamanian tamarin (Saguinus oedipus geoffroyi, Callitrichidae, Primates). Int J Primatol 1:185-201.
    • (1980) Int J Primatol , vol.1 , pp. 185-201
    • Garber, P.1
  • 22
    • 0024581337 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor and phylogenetic considerations in anthropoid evolution
    • Gebo DL. 1989. Locomotor and phylogenetic considerations in anthropoid evolution. J Hum Evol 18:201-233.
    • (1989) J Hum Evol , vol.18 , pp. 201-233
    • Gebo, D.L.1
  • 23
    • 0024416143 scopus 로고
    • Visuomotor coordination in reaching and locomotion
    • Georgopoulos AP, Grillner S. 1989. Visuomotor coordination in reaching and locomotion. Science 245:1209-1210.
    • (1989) Science , vol.245 , pp. 1209-1210
    • Georgopoulos, A.P.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 24
    • 0005443437 scopus 로고
    • La main d'adapis (primates, adapidae)
    • Buffetaut E, Mazin JM, Salmion E, editors. Paris: Montbeliard
    • Godinot M, Jouffroy FK. 1984. La main d'Adapis (Primates, Adapidae). In: Buffetaut E, Mazin JM, Salmion E, editors. Actes du Symposium Paleontologique G. Cuvier. Paris: Montbeliard. p 221-242.
    • (1984) Actes du Symposium Paleontologique G. Cuvier , pp. 221-242
    • Godinot, M.1    Jouffroy, F.K.2
  • 25
    • 0014259052 scopus 로고
    • Functional anatomy of the lower limb of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya)
    • Grand T. 1968a. Functional anatomy of the lower limb of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya). Am J Phys Anthropol 28:163-181.
    • (1968) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.28 , pp. 163-181
    • Grand, T.1
  • 26
    • 0000564678 scopus 로고
    • Functional anatomy of the upper limb
    • Biology of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya)
    • Grand T. 1968b. Functional anatomy of the upper limb. In: Biology of the howler monkey (Alouatta caraya). Bibl Primatol 7:104-125.
    • (1968) Bibl Primatol , vol.7 , pp. 104-125
    • Grand, T.1
  • 28
    • 0031804805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional and adaptive significance of primate pads and claws: Evidence from New World anthropoids
    • Hamrick MW. 1998. Functional and adaptive significance of primate pads and claws: evidence from New World anthropoids. Am J Phys Anthropol 106:113-127.
    • (1998) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.106 , pp. 113-127
    • Hamrick, M.W.1
  • 30
    • 84985362797 scopus 로고
    • Limb posture and locomotion in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) and other non-cursorial mammals
    • Jenkins FA Jr. 1971. Limb posture and locomotion in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) and other non-cursorial mammals. J Zool Lond 165:303-315.
    • (1971) J Zool Lond , vol.165 , pp. 303-315
    • Jenkins F.A., Jr.1
  • 31
    • 84985378960 scopus 로고
    • The functional anatomy of the shoulder in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana)
    • Jenkins FA Jr, Weijs WA. 1979. The functional anatomy of the shoulder in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana). J Zool Lond 188:379-410.
    • (1979) J Zool Lond , vol.188 , pp. 379-410
    • Jenkins F.A., Jr.1    Weijs, W.A.2
  • 32
    • 0002783807 scopus 로고
    • Bipedal and quadrupedal walking of primates: Comparative dynamics
    • Kondo S, editor. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press
    • Kimura T. 1985. Bipedal and quadrupedal walking of primates: comparative dynamics. In: Kondo S, editor. Primate morphophysiology, locomotor analyses and human bipedalism. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. p 81-104.
    • (1985) Primate Morphophysiology, Locomotor Analyses and Human Bipedalism , pp. 81-104
    • Kimura, T.1
  • 33
    • 0000759336 scopus 로고
    • Kinesiological characteristics of primate walking: Its significance in human walking
    • Morbeck ME, Preuschoft H, Gomberg N, editors. New York: Gustav Fischer
    • Kimura T, Okada M, Ishida H. 1979. Kinesiological characteristics of primate walking: its significance in human walking. In: Morbeck ME, Preuschoft H, Gomberg N, editors. Environment, behavior, and morphology: dynamic interactions in primates. New York: Gustav Fischer. p 297-311.
    • (1979) Environment, Behavior, and Morphology: Dynamic Interactions in Primates , pp. 297-311
    • Kimura, T.1    Okada, M.2    Ishida, H.3
  • 34
    • 0002221813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unique aspects of quadrupedal locomotion in nonhuman primates
    • Strasser E, Fleagle J, Rosenberger A, McHenry H, editors. New York: Plenum Press
    • Larson SG. 1998. Unique aspects of quadrupedal locomotion in nonhuman primates. In: Strasser E, Fleagle J, Rosenberger A, McHenry H, editors. Primate locomotion: recent advances. New York: Plenum Press. p 157-173.
    • (1998) Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances , pp. 157-173
    • Larson, S.G.1
  • 35
    • 0024786597 scopus 로고
    • The role of propulsive muscles of the shoulder during quadrupedalism in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops): Implications for neural control of locomotion in primates
    • Larson SG, Stern JT Jr. 1989. The role of propulsive muscles of the shoulder during quadrupedalism in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops): implications for neural control of locomotion in primates. J Motor Behav 21:457-472.
    • (1989) J Motor Behav , vol.21 , pp. 457-472
    • Larson, S.G.1    Stern J.T., Jr.2
  • 37
    • 0032994392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological correlates of substrate use in didelphid marsupials: Implications for primate origins
    • Lemelin P. 1999. Morphological correlates of substrate use in didelphid marsupials: implications for primate origins. J Zool Lond 247:165-175.
    • (1999) J Zool Lond , vol.247 , pp. 165-175
    • Lemelin, P.1
  • 40
    • 0015522094 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive radiation and behavior of the Malagasy lemurs
    • Martin RD. 1972. Adaptive radiation and behavior of the Malagasy lemurs. Philos Trans R Soc Lond [Biol] 264:295-352.
    • (1972) Philos Trans R Soc Lond [Biol] , vol.264 , pp. 295-352
    • Martin, R.D.1
  • 41
    • 0016765770 scopus 로고
    • Using body size to understand the structural design of animals: Quadrupedal locomotion
    • McMahon TA. 1975. Using body size to understand the structural design of animals: quadrupedal locomotion. J Appl Physiol 39:619-627.
    • (1975) J Appl Physiol , vol.39 , pp. 619-627
    • McMahon, T.A.1
  • 43
    • 0021891070 scopus 로고
    • The role of compliance in mammalian running gaits
    • McMahon TA. 1985. The role of compliance in mammalian running gaits. J Exp Biol 115:263-282.
    • (1985) J Exp Biol , vol.115 , pp. 263-282
    • McMahon, T.A.1
  • 45
    • 0016823318 scopus 로고
    • Movements of the forelimbs of the cat during stepping on a treadmill
    • Miller S, Van der Meché FGA. 1975. Movements of the forelimbs of the cat during stepping on a treadmill. Brain Res 91:255-269.
    • (1975) Brain Res , vol.91 , pp. 255-269
    • Miller, S.1    Van Der Meché, F.G.A.2
  • 46
    • 0003096749 scopus 로고
    • Forelimb use and positional adaptation in Colobus guereza: Integration of behavioral, ecological and anatomical data
    • Morbeck M, Preuschoft H, Gomberg N, editors. New York: Gustav Fisher
    • Morbeck ME. 1979. Forelimb use and positional adaptation in Colobus guereza: integration of behavioral, ecological and anatomical data. In: Morbeck M, Preuschoft H, Gomberg N, editors. Environment, behavior, and morphology: dynamic interactions in primates. New York: Gustav Fisher. p 95-118.
    • (1979) Environment, Behavior, and Morphology: Dynamic Interactions in Primates , pp. 95-118
    • Morbeck, M.E.1
  • 47
    • 0014151497 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary aspects of primate locomotion
    • Napier JR. 1967. Evolutionary aspects of primate locomotion. Am J Phys Anthropol 27:333-342.
    • (1967) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.27 , pp. 333-342
    • Napier, J.R.1
  • 48
    • 0014183652 scopus 로고
    • Vertical clinging and leaping - A newly recognized category of locomotor behaviour of primates
    • Napier JR, Walker AC. 1967. Vertical clinging and leaping - a newly recognized category of locomotor behaviour of primates. Folia Primatol (Basel) 6:204-219.
    • (1967) Folia Primatol (Basel) , vol.6 , pp. 204-219
    • Napier, J.R.1    Walker, A.C.2
  • 49
    • 0002709253 scopus 로고
    • Co-operated muscular action in postural adjustment and motion in dog, from the viewpoint of electromyographic kinesiology and joint mechanics. IV. About muscular activity in walking and trot
    • Nomura S, Sawazake H, Ibaraki T. 1966. Co-operated muscular action in postural adjustment and motion in dog, from the viewpoint of electromyographic kinesiology and joint mechanics. IV. About muscular activity in walking and trot. Jpn J Zootech Sci 37:221-229.
    • (1966) Jpn J Zootech Sci , vol.37 , pp. 221-229
    • Nomura, S.1    Sawazake, H.2    Ibaraki, T.3
  • 52
    • 84990085587 scopus 로고
    • Primate origins: Lessons from a neotropical marsupial
    • Rasmussen DT. 1990. Primate origins: lessons from a neotropical marsupial. Am J Primatol 22:263-277.
    • (1990) Am J Primatol , vol.22 , pp. 263-277
    • Rasmussen, D.T.1
  • 53
    • 0022104068 scopus 로고
    • Stresses on the limbs of quadrupedal primates
    • Reynolds TR. 1985. Stresses on the limbs of quadrupedal primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 67:351-362.
    • (1985) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.67 , pp. 351-362
    • Reynolds, T.R.1
  • 54
    • 0023080577 scopus 로고
    • Stride length and its determinants in humans, early hominids, primates, and mammals
    • Reynolds TR. 1987. Stride length and its determinants in humans, early hominids, primates, and mammals. Am J Phys Anthropol 72:101-116.
    • (1987) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.72 , pp. 101-116
    • Reynolds, T.R.1
  • 55
    • 0001410966 scopus 로고
    • The earliest primates
    • Rose KD. 1995. The earliest primates. Evol Anthropol 5:159-173.
    • (1995) Evol Anthropol , vol.5 , pp. 159-173
    • Rose, K.D.1
  • 57
    • 0002256931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forelimb mechanics during arboreal and terrestrial quadrupedal ism in Old World monkeys
    • Strasser E, Fleagle J, Rosenberger A, McHenry H, editors. New York: Plenum Press
    • Schmitt D. 1998. Forelimb mechanics during arboreal and terrestrial quadrupedal ism in Old World monkeys. In: Strasser E, Fleagle J, Rosenberger A, McHenry H, editors. Primate locomotion: recent advances. New York: Plenum Press, p 175-200.
    • (1998) Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances , pp. 175-200
    • Schmitt, D.1
  • 58
    • 0032996976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compliant walking in primates
    • Schmitt D. 1999. Compliant walking in primates. J Zool Lond 248:149-160.
    • (1999) J Zool Lond , vol.248 , pp. 149-160
    • Schmitt, D.1
  • 59
    • 84986753955 scopus 로고
    • Serratus ventralis function in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops): Are primate quadrupeds unique?
    • Schmitt D, Larson SG, Stern JT Jr. 1994. Serratus ventralis function in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops): are primate quadrupeds unique? J Zool Lond 232:215-230.
    • (1994) J Zool Lond , vol.232 , pp. 215-230
    • Schmitt, D.1    Larson, S.G.2    Stern J.T., Jr.3
  • 60
    • 84993877829 scopus 로고
    • Some locomotor adaptations in mammals
    • Smith JM, Savage RJG. 1956. Some locomotor adaptations in mammals. J Linn Soc (Zool) 42:603-622.
    • (1956) J Linn Soc (Zool) , vol.42 , pp. 603-622
    • Smith, J.M.1    Savage, R.J.G.2
  • 61
    • 0031158771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass in comparative primatology
    • Smith RJ, Jungers WL. 1997. Body mass in comparative primatology. J Hum Evol 32:523-559.
    • (1997) J Hum Evol , vol.32 , pp. 523-559
    • Smith, R.J.1    Jungers, W.L.2
  • 63
    • 0032916463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nails and claws in primate evolution
    • Soligo C, Müller AE. 1999. Nails and claws in primate evolution. J Hum Evol 36:97-114.
    • (1999) J Hum Evol , vol.36 , pp. 97-114
    • Soligo, C.1    Müller, A.E.2
  • 64
    • 84990085791 scopus 로고
    • Primate origins and the evolution of angiosperms
    • Sussman RW. 1991. Primate origins and the evolution of angiosperms. Am J Primatol 23:209-223.
    • (1991) Am J Primatol , vol.23 , pp. 209-223
    • Sussman, R.W.1
  • 65
    • 2242471517 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor adaptations as reflected on the humerus of paleogene primates
    • Szalay FS, Dagosto M. 1980. Locomotor adaptations as reflected on the humerus of Paleogene primates. Folia Primatol (Basel) 34:1-45.
    • (1980) Folia Primatol (Basel) , vol.34 , pp. 1-45
    • Szalay, F.S.1    Dagosto, M.2
  • 67
    • 0021891071 scopus 로고
    • Force development during sustained locomotion: A determinant of gait, speed and metabolic power
    • Taylor CR. 1985. Force development during sustained locomotion: a determinant of gait, speed and metabolic power. J Exp Biol 115:253-262.
    • (1985) J Exp Biol , vol.115 , pp. 253-262
    • Taylor, C.R.1
  • 68
    • 0015675524 scopus 로고
    • Electromyographic and joint-mechanical studies in quadrupedal locomotion. I. Walk
    • Tokuriki M. 1973. Electromyographic and joint-mechanical studies in quadrupedal locomotion. I. Walk. Nippon Juigaku Zasshi [Jpn J Vet Sci] 35:433-448.
    • (1973) Nippon Juigaku Zasshi [Jpn J Vet Sci] , vol.35 , pp. 433-448
    • Tokuriki, M.1
  • 69
    • 0019291143 scopus 로고
    • Trot-gallop transition in a macaque
    • Vilensky JA. 1980. Trot-gallop transition in a macaque. Am J Phys Anthropol 53:347-348.
    • (1980) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.53 , pp. 347-348
    • Vilensky, J.A.1
  • 70
    • 0023191133 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor behavior and control in human and nonhuman primates: Comparisons with cats and dogs
    • Vilensky JA. 1987. Locomotor behavior and control in human and nonhuman primates: comparisons with cats and dogs. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 11:263-274.
    • (1987) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.11 , pp. 263-274
    • Vilensky, J.A.1
  • 71
    • 0024834317 scopus 로고
    • Primate quadrupedalism: How and why does it differ from that of typical quadrupeds?
    • Vilensky JA. 1989. Primate quadrupedalism: how and why does it differ from that of typical quadrupeds? Brain Behav Evol 34:357-364.
    • (1989) Brain Behav Evol , vol.34 , pp. 357-364
    • Vilensky, J.A.1
  • 72
    • 0024993784 scopus 로고
    • Effects of speed on forelimb joint angular displacement patterns in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)
    • Vilensky JA, Gankiewicz E. 1990. Effects of speed on forelimb joint angular displacement patterns in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Am J Phys Anthropol 83:203-210.
    • (1990) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.83 , pp. 203-210
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Gankiewicz, E.2
  • 73
    • 0001922836 scopus 로고
    • Primate locomotion: Utilization and control of symmetrical gaits
    • Vilensky JA, Larson SG. 1989. Primate locomotion: utilization and control of symmetrical gaits. Annu Rev Anthropol 18:17-35.
    • (1989) Annu Rev Anthropol , vol.18 , pp. 17-35
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Larson, S.G.2
  • 74
    • 0028250230 scopus 로고
    • Squirrel monkey locomotion on an inclined treadmill: Implications for the evolution of gaits
    • Vilensky JA, Moore AM, Libii JN. 1994. Squirrel monkey locomotion on an inclined treadmill: implications for the evolution of gaits. J Hum Evol 26:275-386.
    • (1994) J Hum Evol , vol.26 , pp. 275-386
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Moore, A.M.2    Libii, J.N.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.