메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 97-116

Child abuse and neglect and the brain - A review

Author keywords

Attachment; Brain development; Child abuse; Neglect; Neurobiology; Stress

Indexed keywords

CATECHOLAMINE; CORTICOTROPIN; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR; DOPAMINE BETA MONOOXYGENASE;

EID: 0034003212     PISSN: 00219630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0021963099004990     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (608)

References (191)
  • 1
    • 0023835137 scopus 로고
    • Systemic naloxone administration potentiated locus coeruleus noradrenergic neuronal activity under stressful but not non-stressful conditions
    • Abercrombie, E., & Jacobs, B. (1988). Systemic naloxone administration potentiated locus coeruleus noradrenergic neuronal activity under stressful but not non-stressful conditions. Brain Research, 441, 362-366.
    • (1988) Brain Research , vol.441 , pp. 362-366
    • Abercrombie, E.1    Jacobs, B.2
  • 4
    • 0032892077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the cerebral cortex: XIV. Stress impairs prefrontal cortical function
    • Arnsten, A. (1999). Development of the cerebral cortex: XIV. Stress impairs prefrontal cortical function. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 220-222.
    • (1999) Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 220-222
    • Arnsten, A.1
  • 7
    • 32744462527 scopus 로고
    • How do sensitive periods arise and what are they for?
    • Bateson, G. (1979). How do sensitive periods arise and what are they for? Animal Behaviour, 27, 470-486.
    • (1979) Animal Behaviour , vol.27 , pp. 470-486
    • Bateson, G.1
  • 9
    • 0026408727 scopus 로고
    • Association between corticosteroids and psychologic change in hospitalized asthmatic children
    • Bender, B., Lerner, J., & Poland, J. (1991). Association between corticosteroids and psychologic change in hospitalized asthmatic children. Annals of Allergy, 66, 414-419.
    • (1991) Annals of Allergy , vol.66 , pp. 414-419
    • Bender, B.1    Lerner, J.2    Poland, J.3
  • 10
    • 0023017811 scopus 로고
    • Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale
    • Bernstein, E., & Putnam, F. (1986). Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174, 727-735.
    • (1986) Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , vol.174 , pp. 727-735
    • Bernstein, E.1    Putnam, F.2
  • 11
    • 0031226319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of immaturity in human development
    • Bjorklund, D. (1997). The role of immaturity in human development. Psychological Bulletin, 122, 153-169.
    • (1997) Psychological Bulletin , vol.122 , pp. 153-169
    • Bjorklund, D.1
  • 13
    • 0024633207 scopus 로고
    • Sensitive periods in development: Structural characteristics and causal interpretations
    • Bornstein, M. (1989). Sensitive periods in development: Structural characteristics and causal interpretations. Psychological Bulletin 105, 179-197.
    • (1989) Psychological Bulletin , vol.105 , pp. 179-197
    • Bornstein, M.1
  • 14
    • 0004233756 scopus 로고
    • London: The Hogarth Press
    • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment. London: The Hogarth Press.
    • (1969) Attachment
    • Bowlby, J.1
  • 17
    • 0026699296 scopus 로고
    • Temperament and the psychobiology of childhood stress
    • Boyce, W., Barr, R., & Zeltzer, L. (1992). Temperament and the psychobiology of childhood stress. Pediatrics, 90, 483-486.
    • (1992) Pediatrics , vol.90 , pp. 483-486
    • Boyce, W.1    Barr, R.2    Zeltzer, L.3
  • 18
    • 0032150502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of stress on memory and the hippocampus throughout the life cycle: Implications for childhood development and aging
    • Bremner, J., & Narayan, M. (1998). The effects of stress on memory and the hippocampus throughout the life cycle: Implications for childhood development and aging. Development and Psychopathology, 10, 871-885.
    • (1998) Development and Psychopathology , vol.10 , pp. 871-885
    • Bremner, J.1    Narayan, M.2
  • 20
    • 0031024960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in post-traumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse - A preliminary report
    • Bremner, J., Randall, P., Vermetten, E., Staib, L., Bronen, R., Mazure, C., Capelli, S., McCarthy, G., Innis, R., & Charney, D. (1997). Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in post-traumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse - a preliminary report. Biological Psychiatry, 41, 23-32.
    • (1997) Biological Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 23-32
    • Bremner, J.1    Randall, P.2    Vermetten, E.3    Staib, L.4    Bronen, R.5    Mazure, C.6    Capelli, S.7    McCarthy, G.8    Innis, R.9    Charney, D.10
  • 21
    • 0027450513 scopus 로고
    • Childhood physical abuse and combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans
    • Bremner, J., Southwick, S., Johnson, D., Yehuda, R., & Charney, D. (1993). Childhood physical abuse and combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 235-239.
    • (1993) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 235-239
    • Bremner, J.1    Southwick, S.2    Johnson, D.3    Yehuda, R.4    Charney, D.5
  • 23
    • 0030973724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological and neuroendocrinological sequelae of early social deprivation in institutionalized children in Romania
    • Carlson, M., & Earls, F. (1997). Psychological and neuroendocrinological sequelae of early social deprivation in institutionalized children in Romania. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 807, 419-428.
    • (1997) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.807 , pp. 419-428
    • Carlson, M.1    Earls, F.2
  • 24
    • 0002196576 scopus 로고
    • Finding order in disorganization: Lessons from research on maltreated infants' attachments to their caregivers
    • D. Cicchetti & V. Carlson (Eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Carlson, V., Cicchetti, D., Barnett, D., & Braunwald, K. (1989a). Finding order in disorganization: Lessons from research on maltreated infants' attachments to their caregivers. In D. Cicchetti & V. Carlson (Eds.), Child maltreatment: Theory and research on the causes and consequences of child abuse and neglect (pp. 494-528). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1989) Child Maltreatment: Theory and Research on the Causes and Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect , pp. 494-528
    • Carlson, V.1    Cicchetti, D.2    Barnett, D.3    Braunwald, K.4
  • 25
    • 54949084432 scopus 로고
    • Disorganised/disoriented attachment relationships in maltreated infants
    • Carlson, V., Cicchetti, D., Barnett, D., & Braunwald, K. (1989b). Disorganised/disoriented attachment relationships in maltreated infants. Developmental Psychology, 25, 525-531.
    • (1989) Developmental Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 525-531
    • Carlson, V.1    Cicchetti, D.2    Barnett, D.3    Braunwald, K.4
  • 26
    • 0027985673 scopus 로고
    • Physiological responses to child stimuli in mothers with and without a childhood history of physical abuse
    • Casanova, G., Domanic, J., McCanne, T., & Milner, J. (1994). Physiological responses to child stimuli in mothers with and without a childhood history of physical abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18, 995-1004.
    • (1994) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.18 , pp. 995-1004
    • Casanova, G.1    Domanic, J.2    McCanne, T.3    Milner, J.4
  • 28
    • 0026536665 scopus 로고
    • The concepts of stress and stress system disorders: Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis
    • Chrousos, G., & Gold, P. (1992). The concepts of stress and stress system disorders: Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis. Journal of the American Medical Association. 267, 1244-1252.
    • (1992) Journal of the American Medical Association. , vol.267 , pp. 1244-1252
    • Chrousos, G.1    Gold, P.2
  • 29
    • 0032030166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical period of brain development: Studies of cerebral glucose utilization with PET
    • Chugani, H. (1998). A critical period of brain development: Studies of cerebral glucose utilization with PET. Preventive Medicine, 27, 184-188.
    • (1998) Preventive Medicine , vol.27 , pp. 184-188
    • Chugani, H.1
  • 30
    • 84972003918 scopus 로고
    • Attachment organization in pre-school aged maltreated children
    • Cicchetti, D., & Barnett, D. (1991). Attachment organization in pre-school aged maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology, 3, 397-411.
    • (1991) Development and Psychopathology , vol.3 , pp. 397-411
    • Cicchetti, D.1    Barnett, D.2
  • 32
    • 0031216224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of self-organization in the promotion of resilience in maltreated children
    • Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. (1997). The role of self-organization in the promotion of resilience in maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 797-815.
    • (1997) Development and Psychopathology , vol.9 , pp. 797-815
    • Cicchetti, D.1    Rogosch, F.2
  • 33
    • 84894622582 scopus 로고
    • Resilience in maltreated children: Processes leading to adaptive outcome
    • Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F., Lynch, M., & Holt, K. (1993). Resilience in maltreated children: Processes leading to adaptive outcome. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 629-647.
    • (1993) Development and Psychopathology , vol.5 , pp. 629-647
    • Cicchetti, D.1    Rogosch, F.2    Lynch, M.3    Holt, K.4
  • 34
    • 85145863066 scopus 로고
    • Child maltreatment and attachment organization: Implications for intervention
    • S. Goldberg, R. Muir, & J. Kerr (Eds.), London: The Analytical Press
    • Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. (1995). Child maltreatment and attachment organization: Implications for intervention. In S. Goldberg, R. Muir, & J. Kerr (Eds.), Attachment theory: Social, developmental, and clinical perspectives (pp. 279-308). London: The Analytical Press.
    • (1995) Attachment Theory: Social, Developmental, and Clinical Perspectives , pp. 279-308
    • Cicchetti, D.1    Toth, S.2
  • 35
    • 84974178828 scopus 로고
    • Development and self-regulatory structures of the mind
    • Cicchetti, D., & Tucker, D. (1994). Development and self-regulatory structures of the mind. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 533-549.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 533-549
    • Cicchetti, D.1    Tucker, D.2
  • 36
    • 0026101446 scopus 로고
    • Physical and psychological maltreatment: Relations among types of maltreatment
    • Claussen, A., & Crittenden, P. (1991). Physical and psychological maltreatment: Relations among types of maltreatment. Child Abuse and Neglect, 15, 5-18.
    • (1991) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.15 , pp. 5-18
    • Claussen, A.1    Crittenden, P.2
  • 37
    • 0345647079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of the practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Cohen, J. (1998). Summary of the practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 997-1001.
    • (1998) Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , vol.37 , pp. 997-1001
    • Cohen, J.1
  • 39
    • 0023605271 scopus 로고
    • The battered fetus syndrome: Preliminary data on the incidence of the urge to physically abuse the unborn child
    • Condon, J. (1987). The battered fetus syndrome: Preliminary data on the incidence of the urge to physically abuse the unborn child. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 722-725.
    • (1987) Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , vol.175 , pp. 722-725
    • Condon, J.1
  • 40
    • 84974142360 scopus 로고
    • Neural activity-dependent brain changes in development: Implications for psychopathology
    • Courchesne, E., Chisum, H., & Townsend, J. (1994). Neural activity-dependent brain changes in development: Implications for psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology 6, 697-722.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 697-722
    • Courchesne, E.1    Chisum, H.2    Townsend, J.3
  • 41
    • 85068039896 scopus 로고
    • Relationships at risk
    • J. Belsky & T. Nezworski (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Crittenden, P. (1988). Relationships at risk. In J. Belsky & T. Nezworski (Eds.), Clinical implications of attachment theory (pp. 136-174). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1988) Clinical Implications of Attachment Theory , pp. 136-174
    • Crittenden, P.1
  • 42
    • 84974183431 scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric brain function, affective style and psychopathology: The role of early experience and plasticity
    • Davidson, R. (1994). Asymmetric brain function, affective style and psychopathology: The role of early experience and plasticity. Development and Psychopathology 6, 741-758.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 741-758
    • Davidson, R.1
  • 44
    • 0031045736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infants of depressed mothers exhibit atypical frontal brain activity: A replication and extension of previous findings
    • Dawson, G., Frey, K., Panagiotides, H., Osterling, J., & Hessl, D. (1997). Infants of depressed mothers exhibit atypical frontal brain activity: A replication and extension of previous findings. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 179-186.
    • (1997) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 179-186
    • Dawson, G.1    Frey, K.2    Panagiotides, H.3    Osterling, J.4    Hessl, D.5
  • 45
    • 84974074999 scopus 로고
    • Social influences on early developing biological and behavioral systems related to risk for affective disorder
    • Dawson, G., Hessl, D., & Frey, K. (1994). Social influences on early developing biological and behavioral systems related to risk for affective disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 759-779.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 759-779
    • Dawson, G.1    Hessl, D.2    Frey, K.3
  • 52
    • 0003664557 scopus 로고
    • London: HMSO
    • Department of Health. (1989). The Children Act. London: HMSO.
    • (1989) The Children Act
  • 53
    • 0003290632 scopus 로고
    • Psychologically unavailable caregiving
    • M. Brassard, B. Germain, & S. Hart (Eds.), Elmsford, NY: Pergamon
    • Egeland, B., & Erickson, M. (1987). Psychologically unavailable caregiving. In M. Brassard, B. Germain, & S. Hart (Eds.), Psychological maltreatment of children and youth (pp. 110-120). Elmsford, NY: Pergamon.
    • (1987) Psychological Maltreatment of Children and Youth , pp. 110-120
    • Egeland, B.1    Erickson, M.2
  • 54
    • 0030297913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation as a mediator of child abuse across generations
    • Egeland, B., & Susman-Stillman, A. (1996). Dissociation as a mediator of child abuse across generations. Child Abuse and Neglect, 20, 1123-1132.
    • (1996) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.20 , pp. 1123-1132
    • Egeland, B.1    Susman-Stillman, A.2
  • 55
    • 0032151723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma, memory, and suggestibility in children
    • Eisen, M., & Goodman, G. (1998). Trauma, memory, and suggestibility in children. Development and Psychopathology, 10, 717-738.
    • (1998) Development and Psychopathology , vol.10 , pp. 717-738
    • Eisen, M.1    Goodman, G.2
  • 56
    • 0002866928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Child neglect
    • J. Briere, L. Berliner, J. Bulkley, C. Jenny, & T. Reid (Eds.), Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
    • Erickson, M., & Egeland, B. (1996). Child neglect. In J. Briere, L. Berliner, J. Bulkley, C. Jenny, & T. Reid (Eds.), The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment (pp. 4-20). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
    • (1996) The APSAC Handbook on Child Maltreatment , pp. 4-20
    • Erickson, M.1    Egeland, B.2
  • 57
    • 0029646097 scopus 로고
    • Age-specific neurotoxicity in the rat associated with NMDA receptor blockade: Potential relevance to schizophrenia?
    • Farber, N., Wozniak, D., Price, M., Labruyere, J., Huss, J., St Peter, H., & Olney, J. (1995). Age-specific neurotoxicity in the rat associated with NMDA receptor blockade: Potential relevance to schizophrenia? Biological Psychiatry, 38, 788-796.
    • (1995) Biological Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 788-796
    • Farber, N.1    Wozniak, D.2    Price, M.3    Labruyere, J.4    Huss, J.5    St Peter, H.6    Olney, J.7
  • 58
    • 0032195021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional care of the at-risk infant: Early interventions for infants of depressed mothers
    • Field, T. (1998). Emotional care of the at-risk infant: Early interventions for infants of depressed mothers. Pediatrics, 102 (No. 5, suppl), 1305-1310.
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.102 , Issue.5 SUPPL. , pp. 1305-1310
    • Field, T.1
  • 60
    • 84974095191 scopus 로고
    • Neural plasticity and development in the first two years of life: Evidence from cognitive and socioemotional domains of research
    • Fox, N., Calkins, D., & Bell, M. (1994). Neural plasticity and development in the first two years of life: Evidence from cognitive and socioemotional domains of research. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 677-696.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 677-696
    • Fox, N.1    Calkins, D.2    Bell, M.3
  • 63
    • 0031021238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maltreatment, conscience functioning and dopamine β hydroxylase in emotionally disturbed boys
    • Galvin, M., Stilwell, B., Shekhar, A., Kopta, S., & McKasson Goldfarb, S. (1997). Maltreatment, conscience functioning and dopamine β hydroxylase in emotionally disturbed boys. Child Abuse and Neglect, 21, 83-92.
    • (1997) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.21 , pp. 83-92
    • Galvin, M.1    Stilwell, B.2    Shekhar, A.3    Kopta, S.4    McKasson Goldfarb, S.5
  • 66
    • 0343848012 scopus 로고
    • Abusive head injury in children: A review
    • Gilles, E. (1993). Abusive head injury in children: A review. Western State University Law Review, 20, 335-378.
    • (1993) Western State University Law Review , vol.20 , pp. 335-378
    • Gilles, E.1
  • 67
    • 0000249101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the term child protection applicable to emotional abuse?
    • Glaser, D., & Prior, V. (1997). Is the term child protection applicable to emotional abuse? Child Abuse Review, 6, 315-329.
    • (1997) Child Abuse Review , vol.6 , pp. 315-329
    • Glaser, D.1    Prior, V.2
  • 69
    • 0032152085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine activity and memory-related impairments in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Golier, J., & Yehuda, R. (1998). Neuroendocrine activity and memory-related impairments in post-traumatic stress disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 10, 857-869.
    • (1998) Development and Psychopathology , vol.10 , pp. 857-869
    • Golier, J.1    Yehuda, R.2
  • 70
    • 0033363319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning enhances adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation
    • Gould, E., Beylin, A., Tanapat, P., Reeves, A., & Shors, T. (1999). Learning enhances adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 260-265.
    • (1999) Nature Neuroscience , vol.2 , pp. 260-265
    • Gould, E.1    Beylin, A.2    Tanapat, P.3    Reeves, A.4    Shors, T.5
  • 71
    • 0030992982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult tree shrew is regulated by psychosocial stress and NMDA receptor activation
    • Gould, E., McEwen, B., Tanapat, P., Galea, L., & Fuchs, E. (1997). Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult tree shrew is regulated by psychosocial stress and NMDA receptor activation. Journal of Neuroscience, 17, 2492-2498.
    • (1997) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.17 , pp. 2492-2498
    • Gould, E.1    McEwen, B.2    Tanapat, P.3    Galea, L.4    Fuchs, E.5
  • 74
    • 0001143921 scopus 로고
    • Induction of brain structure by experience: Substrate for cognitive development
    • M. R. Gunnar & C. A. Nelson (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Greenough, W., & Black, J. (1992). Induction of brain structure by experience: Substrate for cognitive development. In M. R. Gunnar & C. A. Nelson (Eds.), Minnesota symposia on child psychology 24: Developmental behavioral neuroscience (pp. 155-200). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1992) Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology 24: Developmental Behavioral Neuroscience , vol.24 , pp. 155-200
    • Greenough, W.1    Black, J.2
  • 75
    • 0026706810 scopus 로고
    • Reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system to stressors in normal infants and children
    • Gunnar, M. (1992). Reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system to stressors in normal infants and children. Pediatrics, 90, 491-497.
    • (1992) Pediatrics , vol.90 , pp. 491-497
    • Gunnar, M.1
  • 76
    • 0032030159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of early care and buffering of neuroendocrine stress reactions: Potential effects on the developing human brain
    • Gunnar, M. (1998). Quality of early care and buffering of neuroendocrine stress reactions: Potential effects on the developing human brain. Preventative Medicine, 27, 208-211.
    • (1998) Preventative Medicine , vol.27 , pp. 208-211
    • Gunnar, M.1
  • 77
    • 0030170797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dampening of adrenocortical responses during infancy: Normative changes and individual differences
    • Gunnar, M., Brodersen, L., & Krueger, K. (1996). Dampening of adrenocortical responses during infancy: Normative changes and individual differences. Child Development, 67, 877-889.
    • (1996) Child Development , vol.67 , pp. 877-889
    • Gunnar, M.1    Brodersen, L.2    Krueger, K.3
  • 79
    • 0026844944 scopus 로고
    • The stressfulness of separation among 9-month-old infants: Effects of social context variables and infant temperament
    • Gunnar, M., Larson, M., Hertsgaard, L., & Brodersen, L. (1992). The stressfulness of separation among 9-month-old infants: Effects of social context variables and infant temperament. Child Development, 63, 290-303.
    • (1992) Child Development , vol.63 , pp. 290-303
    • Gunnar, M.1    Larson, M.2    Hertsgaard, L.3    Brodersen, L.4
  • 80
    • 0028369022 scopus 로고
    • Event-related potentials in year-old infants: Relations with emotionality and cortisol
    • Gunnar, M., & Nelson, C. (1994). Event-related potentials in year-old infants: Relations with emotionality and cortisol. Child Development 65, 80-94.
    • (1994) Child Development , vol.65 , pp. 80-94
    • Gunnar, M.1    Nelson, C.2
  • 81
    • 0032905421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of negative childhood experiences on psychological functioning, social support, and parenting for mothers recovering from addiction
    • Harmer, A., Sanderson, J., & Mertin, P. (1999). Influence of negative childhood experiences on psychological functioning, social support, and parenting for mothers recovering from addiction. Child Abuse and Neglect, 23, 421-433.
    • (1999) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.23 , pp. 421-433
    • Harmer, A.1    Sanderson, J.2    Mertin, P.3
  • 82
    • 84974513187 scopus 로고
    • Salivary cortisol in maltreated children: Evidence of relations between neuroendocrine activity and social competence
    • Hart, J., Gunnar, M., & Cicchetti, D. (1995). Salivary cortisol in maltreated children: Evidence of relations between neuroendocrine activity and social competence. Development and Psychopathology 7, 11-26.
    • (1995) Development and Psychopathology , vol.7 , pp. 11-26
    • Hart, J.1    Gunnar, M.2    Cicchetti, D.3
  • 83
    • 0000318765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered neuroendocrine activity in maltreated children related to symptoms of depression
    • Hart, J., Gunnar, M., & Cicchetti, D. (1996). Altered neuroendocrine activity in maltreated children related to symptoms of depression. Development and Psychopathology 8, 201-214.
    • (1996) Development and Psychopathology , vol.8 , pp. 201-214
    • Hart, J.1    Gunnar, M.2    Cicchetti, D.3
  • 84
    • 0000298146 scopus 로고
    • P. Mussen & E. M. Hetherington (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: 4. Socialization, personality, and social development New York: Wiley
    • Harter, S. (1983). Developmental perspectives on the self-system. In P. Mussen & E. M. Hetherington (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 275-385). New York: Wiley.
    • (1983) Developmental Perspectives on the Self-system , vol.4 , pp. 275-385
    • Harter, S.1
  • 85
    • 0025237513 scopus 로고
    • Regional brain electrical asymmetries discriminate between previously depressed subjects and healthy controls
    • Henriques, J., & Davidson, R. (1990). Regional brain electrical asymmetries discriminate between previously depressed subjects and healthy controls. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 99, 22-31.
    • (1990) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.99 , pp. 22-31
    • Henriques, J.1    Davidson, R.2
  • 86
    • 0029355372 scopus 로고
    • Adrenocortical responses to the Strange Situation in infants with disorganised/disoriented attachment relationships
    • Hertsgaard, L., Gunnar, M., Erickson, M., & Nachmias, M. (1995). Adrenocortical responses to the Strange Situation in infants with disorganised/disoriented attachment relationships. Child Development, 66, 1100-1106.
    • (1995) Child Development , vol.66 , pp. 1100-1106
    • Hertsgaard, L.1    Gunnar, M.2    Erickson, M.3    Nachmias, M.4
  • 87
    • 0026442650 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal assessment of CSF monoamine metabolite and plasma cortisol concentrations in young rhesus monkeys
    • Higley, J., Suomi, S., & Linnoila, M. (1992). A longitudinal assessment of CSF monoamine metabolite and plasma cortisol concentrations in young rhesus monkeys. Biological Psychiatry, 32, 127-145.
    • (1992) Biological Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 127-145
    • Higley, J.1    Suomi, S.2    Linnoila, M.3
  • 90
    • 0032153424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in factors that modulate storage and retrieval of traumatic memories
    • Howe, M. (1998). Individual differences in factors that modulate storage and retrieval of traumatic memories. Development and Psychopathology, 10, 681-698.
    • (1998) Development and Psychopathology , vol.10 , pp. 681-698
    • Howe, M.1
  • 91
    • 0018522614 scopus 로고
    • Brain mechanisms of vision
    • Hubel, D., & Wiesel, T. (1979). Brain mechanisms of vision. Scientific American, 241, 150-162.
    • (1979) Scientific American , vol.241 , pp. 150-162
    • Hubel, D.1    Wiesel, T.2
  • 93
    • 0031872817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary evidence for aberrant cortical development in abused children: A quantitative EEG study
    • Ito, Y., Teicher, M., Glod, C., & Ackerman, E. (1998). Preliminary evidence for aberrant cortical development in abused children: A quantitative EEG study. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 10, 298-307.
    • (1998) Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences , vol.10 , pp. 298-307
    • Ito, Y.1    Teicher, M.2    Glod, C.3    Ackerman, E.4
  • 94
    • 0027489269 scopus 로고
    • Increased prevalence of electrophysiological abnormalities in children with psychological, physical and sexual abuse
    • Ito, Y., Teicher, M., Glod, C., Harper, D., Magnus, E., & Gelbard, H. (1993). Increased prevalence of electrophysiological abnormalities in children with psychological, physical and sexual abuse. Journal of Neuropsychiatry, 5, 401-408.
    • (1993) Journal of Neuropsychiatry , vol.5 , pp. 401-408
    • Ito, Y.1    Teicher, M.2    Glod, C.3    Harper, D.4    Magnus, E.5    Gelbard, H.6
  • 96
    • 0002453149 scopus 로고
    • Prenatal alcohol exposure and neurobehavioral development
    • Jacobson, J., & Jacobson, S. (1994). Prenatal alcohol exposure and neurobehavioral development. Alcohol Health and Research World, 18, 30-36.
    • (1994) Alcohol Health and Research World , vol.18 , pp. 30-36
    • Jacobson, J.1    Jacobson, S.2
  • 98
    • 0028266174 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of environmental deprivation: Cognitive and social development in Romanian orphans
    • Kaler, S., & Freeman, B. (1994). Analysis of environmental deprivation: Cognitive and social development in Romanian orphans. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 769-781.
    • (1994) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 769-781
    • Kaler, S.1    Freeman, B.2
  • 99
    • 0002685780 scopus 로고
    • Early experience and the fine tuning of synaptic connections
    • E. R. Kandel, J. H. Schwartz, & T. M. Jessell (Eds.), New York: Elsevier
    • Kandel, E., & Jessel, T. (1991). Early experience and the fine tuning of synaptic connections. In E. R. Kandel, J. H. Schwartz, & T. M. Jessell (Eds.), Principles of neural science (pp. 945-958). New York: Elsevier.
    • (1991) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 945-958
    • Kandel, E.1    Jessel, T.2
  • 102
    • 0030797833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cortcotropin-releasing hormone challenge in depressed abused, depressed nonabused, and normal control children
    • Kaufman, J., Birmaher, B., Perel, J., Dahl, R., Moreci, P., Nelson, B., Wells, W., & Ryan, N. (1997). The cortcotropin-releasing hormone challenge in depressed abused, depressed nonabused, and normal control children. Biological Psychiatry, 42, 669-679.
    • (1997) Biological Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 669-679
    • Kaufman, J.1    Birmaher, B.2    Perel, J.3    Dahl, R.4    Moreci, P.5    Nelson, B.6    Wells, W.7    Ryan, N.8
  • 104
    • 0030937293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment
    • Kempermann, G., Kuhn, H., & Gage, F. (1997). More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment. Nature, 386, 493-495.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.386 , pp. 493-495
    • Kempermann, G.1    Kuhn, H.2    Gage, F.3
  • 105
    • 0027350770 scopus 로고
    • Impact of sexual abuse in children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies
    • Kendell-Tackett, K., Williams, L., & Finkelhor, D. (1993). Impact of sexual abuse in children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 164-180.
    • (1993) Psychological Bulletin , vol.113 , pp. 164-180
    • Kendell-Tackett, K.1    Williams, L.2    Finkelhor, D.3
  • 108
    • 0000852348 scopus 로고
    • A psychobiological theory of attachment
    • Kraemer, G. (1992). A psychobiological theory of attachment. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 15, 493-541.
    • (1992) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.15 , pp. 493-541
    • Kraemer, G.1
  • 109
    • 0024416185 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of the effect of different social rearing conditions on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine and biogneic amine metabolites in rhesus monkeys
    • Kraemer, G., Ebert, M., Schmidt, D., & McKinney, W. (1989). A longitudinal study of the effect of different social rearing conditions on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine and biogneic amine metabolites in rhesus monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2, 175-189.
    • (1989) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.2 , pp. 175-189
    • Kraemer, G.1    Ebert, M.2    Schmidt, D.3    McKinney, W.4
  • 110
    • 0003012741 scopus 로고
    • Post traumatic stress disorder: Psychobiological mechanisms of traumatic remembrance
    • D. Schacter (Ed.), Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Krystal, J., Southwick, S., & Charney, D. (1995). Post traumatic stress disorder: Psychobiological mechanisms of traumatic remembrance. In D. Schacter (Ed.), Memory distortions: How minds, brains, and societies reconstruct the past (pp. 150-172). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1995) Memory Distortions: How Minds, Brains, and Societies Reconstruct the Past , pp. 150-172
    • Krystal, J.1    Southwick, S.2    Charney, D.3
  • 111
    • 84982429242 scopus 로고
    • Breaking the intergenerational transmission of child abuse: Beyond the mother-child relationship
    • Langeland, W., & Dijkstra, S. (1995). Breaking the intergenerational transmission of child abuse: Beyond the mother-child relationship. Child Abuse Review, 4, 4-13.
    • (1995) Child Abuse Review , vol.4 , pp. 4-13
    • Langeland, W.1    Dijkstra, S.2
  • 112
    • 0028451363 scopus 로고
    • Emotion, memory and the brain
    • LeDoux, J. (1994). Emotion, memory and the brain. Scientific American, 270, 32-39.
    • (1994) Scientific American , vol.270 , pp. 32-39
    • LeDoux, J.1
  • 114
    • 0026665397 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in response to stress
    • Lewis, M. (1992). Individual differences in response to stress. Pediatrics, 90, 487-490.
    • (1992) Pediatrics , vol.90 , pp. 487-490
    • Lewis, M.1
  • 116
  • 117
    • 0003168297 scopus 로고
    • Metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive monitoring, and singular (coherent) versus multiple (incoherent) models of attachment: Findings and direction for future research
    • C. Murray Parkes, J. Stevenson-Hinde, & P. Marris (Eds.), London: Routledge
    • Main, M. (1990). Metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive monitoring, and singular (coherent) versus multiple (incoherent) models of attachment: Findings and direction for future research. In C. Murray Parkes, J. Stevenson-Hinde, & P. Marris (Eds.), Attachment across the life cycle (pp. 127-159). London: Routledge.
    • (1990) Attachment Across the Life Cycle , pp. 127-159
    • Main, M.1
  • 118
    • 0002857410 scopus 로고
    • Parents' unresolved traumatic experiences are related to infant disorganized attachment status: Is frightened and/or frightening parent behaviour the linking mechanism?
    • M. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E. Cummings (Eds.), Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Main, M., & Hesse, E. (1990). Parents' unresolved traumatic experiences are related to infant disorganized attachment status: Is frightened and/or frightening parent behaviour the linking mechanism? In M. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E. Cummings (Eds.), Attachment in the preschool years (pp. 161-182). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1990) Attachment in the Preschool Years , pp. 161-182
    • Main, M.1    Hesse, E.2
  • 119
    • 0002857410 scopus 로고
    • Procedures for identifying infants as disorganized/disoriented during the Ainsworth Strange Situation
    • M. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E. Cummings (Eds.), Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Main, M., & Solomon, J. (1990). Procedures for identifying infants as disorganized/disoriented during the Ainsworth Strange Situation. In M. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E. Cummings (Eds.), Attachment in the preschool years (pp. 121-160). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1990) Attachment in the Preschool Years , pp. 121-160
    • Main, M.1    Solomon, J.2
  • 120
    • 84974157884 scopus 로고
    • The impact of subtype, frequency, chronicity, and severity of child maltreatment on social competence and behavior problems
    • Manly, J., Cicchetti, D., & Barnett, D. (1994). The impact of subtype, frequency, chronicity, and severity of child maltreatment on social competence and behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 121-143.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 121-143
    • Manly, J.1    Cicchetti, D.2    Barnett, D.3
  • 121
    • 0015066291 scopus 로고
    • Psychoendocrine study of adaptation in young hemophiliacs
    • Mattson, A., Gross, S., & Hall, T. (1971). Psychoendocrine study of adaptation in young hemophiliacs. Psychosomatic Medicine, 33, 215-225.
    • (1971) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.33 , pp. 215-225
    • Mattson, A.1    Gross, S.2    Hall, T.3
  • 122
    • 0002906601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired regulation of arousal in 3-month-old infants exposed prenatally to cocaine and other drugs
    • Mayes, L., Bornstein, M., Chawarska, K., Haynes, M., & Granger, R. (1996). Impaired regulation of arousal in 3-month-old infants exposed prenatally to cocaine and other drugs. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 29-42.
    • (1996) Development and Psychopathology , vol.8 , pp. 29-42
    • Mayes, L.1    Bornstein, M.2    Chawarska, K.3    Haynes, M.4    Granger, R.5
  • 123
    • 84974082726 scopus 로고
    • Relations between early maltreatment and mental representations of relationships assessed with projective story-telling in middle childhood
    • McCrone, E., Egeland, B., Kalkoske, M., & Carlson, E. (1994). Relations between early maltreatment and mental representations of relationships assessed with projective story-telling in middle childhood. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 99-120.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 99-120
    • McCrone, E.1    Egeland, B.2    Kalkoske, M.3    Carlson, E.4
  • 125
    • 0023877370 scopus 로고
    • Effect of neonatal handling on age-related impairments associated with the hippocampus
    • Meaney, M., Aitken, D., Bhatnagar, S., Van Berkel, C., & Sapolsky, R. (1988). Effect of neonatal handling on age-related impairments associated with the hippocampus. Science, 238, 766-768.
    • (1988) Science , vol.238 , pp. 766-768
    • Meaney, M.1    Aitken, D.2    Bhatnagar, S.3    Van Berkel, C.4    Sapolsky, R.5
  • 126
    • 0031790717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory and observation of attachment and its relation to child maltreatment: A review
    • Morton, N., & Browne, K. (1998). Theory and observation of attachment and its relation to child maltreatment: A review. Child Abuse and Neglect, 22, 1093-1104.
    • (1998) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.22 , pp. 1093-1104
    • Morton, N.1    Browne, K.2
  • 128
    • 0030064218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The long-term impact of the physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children: A community study
    • Mullen, P., Martin, J., Anderson, S., Romans, S., & Herbison, G. (1996). The long-term impact of the physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children: A community study. Child Abuse and Neglect, 20, 7-21.
    • (1996) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.20 , pp. 7-21
    • Mullen, P.1    Martin, J.2    Anderson, S.3    Romans, S.4    Herbison, G.5
  • 129
    • 0021724901 scopus 로고
    • Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions
    • Munck, A., Guyre, P., & Holbrook, N. (1984). Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions. Endocrine Reviews, 5, 25-44.
    • (1984) Endocrine Reviews , vol.5 , pp. 25-44
    • Munck, A.1    Guyre, P.2    Holbrook, N.3
  • 130
    • 0030115722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral inhibition and stress reactivity: The moderating role of attachment security
    • Nachmias, M., Gunnar, M., Mangelsdorf, S., Parritz, R., & Buss, K. (1996). Behavioral inhibition and stress reactivity: The moderating role of attachment security. Child Development, 67, 508-522.
    • (1996) Child Development , vol.67 , pp. 508-522
    • Nachmias, M.1    Gunnar, M.2    Mangelsdorf, S.3    Parritz, R.4    Buss, K.5
  • 131
    • 0031524860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Child development and neuroscience
    • Nelson, A., & Bloom, E. (1997). Child development and neuroscience. Child Development, 68, 970-987.
    • (1997) Child Development , vol.68 , pp. 970-987
    • Nelson, A.1    Bloom, E.2
  • 132
    • 0028348227 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid-induced impairment in declarative memory performance in adult humans
    • Newcomer, J., Craft, S., Hershey, T., Askins, K., & Bardgett, M. (1994). Glucocorticoid-induced impairment in declarative memory performance in adult humans. Journal of Neuroscience, 14, 2047-2053.
    • (1994) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.14 , pp. 2047-2053
    • Newcomer, J.1    Craft, S.2    Hershey, T.3    Askins, K.4    Bardgett, M.5
  • 133
    • 0028070532 scopus 로고
    • The worst combinations of child abuse and neglect
    • Ney, P., Fung, T., & Wickett, A. (1994). The worst combinations of child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18, 705-714.
    • (1994) Child Abuse and Neglect , vol.18 , pp. 705-714
    • Ney, P.1    Fung, T.2    Wickett, A.3
  • 134
    • 0000223858 scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological sequelae of childhood trauma: PTSD in children
    • M. Murburg (Ed.), Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press
    • Perry, B. (1994). Neurobiological sequelae of childhood trauma: PTSD in children. In M. Murburg (Ed.), Catecholamine function in post-traumatic stress disorder: Emerging concepts (pp. 233-255). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
    • (1994) Catecholamine Function in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Emerging Concepts , pp. 233-255
    • Perry, B.1
  • 135
    • 0031933477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homeostasis, stress, trauma, and adaptation: A neurodevelopmental view of childhood trauma
    • Perry, B., & Pollard, R. (1998). Homeostasis, stress, trauma, and adaptation: A neurodevelopmental view of childhood trauma. Child and Adolescent Clinics of North America, 7, 33-51.
    • (1998) Child and Adolescent Clinics of North America , vol.7 , pp. 33-51
    • Perry, B.1    Pollard, R.2
  • 136
    • 84977322098 scopus 로고
    • Childhood trauma, the neurobiology of adaptation, and "use-dependent" development of the brain: How "states" become "traits"
    • Perry, B., Pollard, R., Blakley, T., Baker, W., & Vigilante, D. (1995). Childhood trauma, the neurobiology of adaptation, and "use-dependent" development of the brain: How "states" become "traits". Infant Mental Health Journal, 16, 271-291.
    • (1995) Infant Mental Health Journal , vol.16 , pp. 271-291
    • Perry, B.1    Pollard, R.2    Blakley, T.3    Baker, W.4    Vigilante, D.5
  • 137
    • 0028340175 scopus 로고
    • The genetic basis of complex human behaviors
    • Plomin, R., Owen, M., & McGuffin, P. (1994). The genetic basis of complex human behaviors. Science, 254, 1733-1739.
    • (1994) Science , vol.254 , pp. 1733-1739
    • Plomin, R.1    Owen, M.2    McGuffin, P.3
  • 138
    • 0027195888 scopus 로고
    • Early, postnatal experience alters hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA, median eminence CRF content and stress-induced release in adult rats
    • Plotsky, P., & Meaney, M. (1993). Early, postnatal experience alters hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA, median eminence CRF content and stress-induced release in adult rats. Molecular Brain Research, 18, 195-200.
    • (1993) Molecular Brain Research , vol.18 , pp. 195-200
    • Plotsky, P.1    Meaney, M.2
  • 139
    • 0031510398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive brain event-related potentials and emotion processing in maltreated children
    • Pollak, S., Cicchetti, D., Klorman, R., & Brumaghim, T. (1997). Cognitive brain event-related potentials and emotion processing in maltreated children. Child Development, 68, 773-787.
    • (1997) Child Development , vol.68 , pp. 773-787
    • Pollak, S.1    Cicchetti, D.2    Klorman, R.3    Brumaghim, T.4
  • 140
    • 0031218527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergent properties of neural systems: How focal molecular neurobiological alterations can affect behavior
    • Post, R., & Weiss, S. (1997). Emergent properties of neural systems: How focal molecular neurobiological alterations can affect behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 907-929.
    • (1997) Development and Psychopathology , vol.9 , pp. 907-929
    • Post, R.1    Weiss, S.2
  • 141
    • 84974023522 scopus 로고
    • Recurrent affective disorder: Roots in developmental neurobiology and illness progression based on changes in gene expression
    • Post, R., Weiss, S., & Leverich, G. (1994). Recurrent affective disorder: Roots in developmental neurobiology and illness progression based on changes in gene expression. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 781-813.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 781-813
    • Post, R.1    Weiss, S.2    Leverich, G.3
  • 142
    • 84936931808 scopus 로고
    • The psychobiology of undersocialized aggressive conduct disorder: A theoretical perspective
    • Quay, H. (1993). The psychobiology of undersocialized aggressive conduct disorder: A theoretical perspective. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 165-180.
    • (1993) Development and Psychopathology , vol.5 , pp. 165-180
    • Quay, H.1
  • 144
    • 0032111049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analytic examination of assumed properties of child sexual abuse using college samples
    • Rind, B., Tromovitch, P., & Bauserman, R. (1998). A meta-analytic examination of assumed properties of child sexual abuse using college samples. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 22-53.
    • (1998) Psychological Bulletin , vol.124 , pp. 22-53
    • Rind, B.1    Tromovitch, P.2    Bauserman, R.3
  • 146
    • 0001257456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and neurotransmitter-environmental interactions
    • Rogeness, G., & McClure, E. (1996). Development and neurotransmitter-environmental interactions. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 183-199.
    • (1996) Development and Psychopathology , vol.8 , pp. 183-199
    • Rogeness, G.1    McClure, E.2
  • 147
    • 84974307184 scopus 로고
    • The role of child maltreatment in early deviations in cognitive and affective processing abilities and later peer relationship problems
    • Rogosch, F., Cicchetti, D., & Aber, L. (1995). The role of child maltreatment in early deviations in cognitive and affective processing abilities and later peer relationship problems. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 591-609.
    • (1995) Development and Psychopathology , vol.7 , pp. 591-609
    • Rogosch, F.1    Cicchetti, D.2    Aber, L.3
  • 150
    • 0032195037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of clinical problems and emotional care: Environmental risk factors in infancy
    • Sameroff, A. (1998). Management of clinical problems and emotional care: Environmental risk factors in infancy. Pediatrics, 102, 5 (suppl). 1287-1292.
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.102 , Issue.5 SUPPL. , pp. 1287-1292
    • Sameroff, A.1
  • 151
    • 0029739502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why stress is bad for your brain
    • Sapolsky, R. (1996). Why stress is bad for your brain. Science, 273, 749-750.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 749-750
    • Sapolsky, R.1
  • 152
    • 0025485399 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates
    • Sapolsky, R., Uno, H., Rebert, S., & Finch, C. (1990). Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates. Journal of Neuroscience, 10, 2897-2902.
    • (1990) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.10 , pp. 2897-2902
    • Sapolsky, R.1    Uno, H.2    Rebert, S.3    Finch, C.4
  • 153
    • 0027685952 scopus 로고
    • Biological and cultural diversity. The legacy of Darwin for development
    • Scarr, S. (1993). Biological and cultural diversity. The legacy of Darwin for development. Child Development, 64, 1333-1353.
    • (1993) Child Development , vol.64 , pp. 1333-1353
    • Scarr, S.1
  • 154
    • 0029887179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can cognitive neuroscience illuminate the nature of traumatic childhood memories?
    • Schacter, D., Koutstaal, W., & Norman, K. (1996). Can cognitive neuroscience illuminate the nature of traumatic childhood memories? Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 6, 207-214.
    • (1996) Current Opinion in Neurobiology , vol.6 , pp. 207-214
    • Schacter, D.1    Koutstaal, W.2    Norman, K.3
  • 158
    • 0347444575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The experience-dependent maturation of a regulatory system in the orbital prefrontal cortex and the origin of developmental psychopathology
    • Schore, A. (1996). The experience-dependent maturation of a regulatory system in the orbital prefrontal cortex and the origin of developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 59-87.
    • (1996) Development and Psychopathology , vol.8 , pp. 59-87
    • Schore, A.1
  • 159
    • 0001904285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress versus traumatic stress: From acute homeostatic reactions to chronic psychopathology
    • B. van der Kolk, A. McFarlane, & E. Weisaeth (Eds.). London: Guilford Press
    • Shalev, A. (1996). Stress versus traumatic stress: From acute homeostatic reactions to chronic psychopathology. In B. van der Kolk, A. McFarlane, & E. Weisaeth (Eds.). Traumatic stress: The effects of overwhelming experience on mind, body, and society (pp. 77-101). London: Guilford Press.
    • (1996) Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society , pp. 77-101
    • Shalev, A.1
  • 161
    • 84974082034 scopus 로고
    • The development of emotional and behavioral self regulation and social competence among maltreated school-age children
    • Shields, A., Cicchetti, D., & Ryan, R. (1994). The development of emotional and behavioral self regulation and social competence among maltreated school-age children. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 57-75.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 57-75
    • Shields, A.1    Cicchetti, D.2    Ryan, R.3
  • 162
    • 0029761452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine induced apoptosis in human neuronal cells: Inhibition by nucleic acids antisense to the dopamine transporter
    • Simantov, R., Blinder, E., Ratovitski, T., Tauber, M., Gabbay, M., & Porat, S. (1996). Dopamine induced apoptosis in human neuronal cells: Inhibition by nucleic acids antisense to the dopamine transporter. Neuroscience, 74, 39-50.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.74 , pp. 39-50
    • Simantov, R.1    Blinder, E.2    Ratovitski, T.3    Tauber, M.4    Gabbay, M.5    Porat, S.6
  • 163
    • 0343411946 scopus 로고
    • Activity-dependent self-organization of synaptic connections as a substrate of learning
    • J. Changeux & M. Konishi (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Singer, W. (1987). Activity-dependent self-organization of synaptic connections as a substrate of learning. In J. Changeux & M. Konishi (Eds.), The neural and molecular basis of learning (pp. 301-336). New York: Wiley.
    • (1987) The Neural and Molecular Basis of Learning , pp. 301-336
    • Singer, W.1
  • 164
    • 0028832656 scopus 로고
    • Development and plasticity of cortical processing architectures
    • Singer, W. (1995). Development and plasticity of cortical processing architectures. Science, 270, 758-764.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 758-764
    • Singer, W.1
  • 166
    • 0026847039 scopus 로고
    • Memory and the hippocampus: A synthesis of findings with rats, monkeys and humans
    • Squire, L. (1992). Memory and the hippocampus: A synthesis of findings with rats, monkeys and humans. Psychological Review, 99, 195-231.
    • (1992) Psychological Review , vol.99 , pp. 195-231
    • Squire, L.1
  • 167
    • 0342976639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • St George's Healthcare NHS Trust v S (1998); R v Collins and others ex parte S [1998]. 2 FLR. 728-760
    • St George's Healthcare NHS Trust v S (1998); R v Collins and others ex parte S [1998]. 2 FLR. 728-760.
  • 169
    • 0027422805 scopus 로고
    • Maternal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the rat: The roles of feeding and stroking
    • Suchecki, D., Rosenfeld, P., & Levine, S. (1993). Maternal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the rat: The roles of feeding and stroking. Developmental Brain Research, 75, 185-192.
    • (1993) Developmental Brain Research , vol.75 , pp. 185-192
    • Suchecki, D.1    Rosenfeld, P.2    Levine, S.3
  • 170
    • 34249924454 scopus 로고
    • Adolescent depression and depressive symptoms: Insights from longitudinal studies with rhesus monkeys
    • Suomi, S. (1991). Adolescent depression and depressive symptoms: Insights from longitudinal studies with rhesus monkeys. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 20, 273-287.
    • (1991) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.20 , pp. 273-287
    • Suomi, S.1
  • 171
    • 0025276553 scopus 로고
    • Sexual and physical abuse histories and psychiatric symptoms among female psychiatric outpatients
    • Swett, C., Surrey, J., & Cohen, C. (1990). Sexual and physical abuse histories and psychiatric symptoms among female psychiatric outpatients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 632-636.
    • (1990) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 632-636
    • Swett, C.1    Surrey, J.2    Cohen, C.3
  • 174
    • 84974098089 scopus 로고
    • Psychopathology of early frontal lobe damage: Dependence on cycles of development
    • Thatcher, R. (1994). Psychopathology of early frontal lobe damage: Dependence on cycles of development. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 565-596.
    • (1994) Development and Psychopathology , vol.6 , pp. 565-596
    • Thatcher, R.1
  • 175
    • 0028866230 scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophins and neuronal plasticity
    • Thoenen, H. (1995). Neurotrophins and neuronal plasticity. Science, 270, 593-598.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 593-598
    • Thoenen, H.1
  • 176
    • 0026753735 scopus 로고
    • Neural development is regulated by classical neuro-transmitters: Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation enhances neurite outgrowth
    • Todd, R. (1992). Neural development is regulated by classical neuro-transmitters: dopamine D2 receptor stimulation enhances neurite outgrowth. Biological Psychiatry, 31, 794-807.
    • (1992) Biological Psychiatry , vol.31 , pp. 794-807
    • Todd, R.1
  • 177
    • 0002858531 scopus 로고
    • Developing emotions and cortical networks
    • M. R. Gunnar & C. A. Nelson (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Tucker, D. (1992). Developing emotions and cortical networks. In M. R. Gunnar & C. A. Nelson (Eds.), Minnesota symposia on child psychology. 24: Developmental behavioral neuroscience (pp. 75-128). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1992) Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology. 24: Developmental Behavioral Neuroscience , vol.24 , pp. 75-128
    • Tucker, D.1
  • 178
    • 0021922249 scopus 로고
    • Differential rearing effects on rat visual cortex synapses. I. Synaptic and neuronal density and synapses per neuron
    • Turner, A., & Greenough, W. (1985). Differential rearing effects on rat visual cortex synapses. I. Synaptic and neuronal density and synapses per neuron. Brain Research, 329, 195-203.
    • (1985) Brain Research , vol.329 , pp. 195-203
    • Turner, A.1    Greenough, W.2
  • 179
    • 0028331135 scopus 로고
    • The body keeps the score: Memory and the evolving psychobiology of post-traumatic stress
    • van der Kolk, B. (1994). The body keeps the score: Memory and the evolving psychobiology of post-traumatic stress. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 1, 253-265.
    • (1994) Harvard Review of Psychiatry , vol.1 , pp. 253-265
    • Van Der Kolk, B.1
  • 180
    • 0028357393 scopus 로고
    • Childhood abuse and neglect and loss of self-regulation
    • van der Kolk, B., & Fisler, R. (1994). Childhood abuse and neglect and loss of self-regulation. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 58, 145-168.
    • (1994) Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic , vol.58 , pp. 145-168
    • Van Der Kolk, B.1    Fisler, R.2
  • 182
    • 0032195026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional care of the at-risk infant: Emotional characteristics of infants associated with maternal depression and anxiety
    • Weinberg, K., & Tronick, E. (1998). Emotional care of the at-risk infant: Emotional characteristics of infants associated with maternal depression and anxiety. Pediatrics, 102 (No. 5, suppl), 1298-1304.
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.102 , Issue.5 SUPPL. , pp. 1298-1304
    • Weinberg, K.1    Tronick, E.2
  • 183
    • 0024694318 scopus 로고
    • Does violence beget violence? A critical examination of the literature
    • Widom, C. (1989). Does violence beget violence? A critical examination of the literature. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 3-28.
    • (1989) Psychological Bulletin , vol.106 , pp. 3-28
    • Widom, C.1
  • 184
    • 0019997224 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal development of the visual cortex and the influences of environment
    • Wiesel, T. (1982). Postnatal development of the visual cortex and the influences of environment. Nature, 299, 583-591.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.299 , pp. 583-591
    • Wiesel, T.1
  • 185
    • 0017413946 scopus 로고
    • Reliability of the PSE used in a population study
    • Wing, J., Nixon, J., Mann, S., & Leff, J. (1977). Reliability of the PSE used in a population study. Psychological Medicine, 7, 505-516.
    • (1977) Psychological Medicine , vol.7 , pp. 505-516
    • Wing, J.1    Nixon, J.2    Mann, S.3    Leff, J.4
  • 186
    • 0025986164 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
    • Yehuda, R., Giller, E., Southwick, S., Lowy, M., & Mason, J. (1991). Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 30, 1031-1048.
    • (1991) Biological Psychiatry , vol.30 , pp. 1031-1048
    • Yehuda, R.1    Giller, E.2    Southwick, S.3    Lowy, M.4    Mason, J.5
  • 188
    • 0028834413 scopus 로고
    • Impact of cumulative lifetime trauma and recent stress on current post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in Holocaust survivors
    • Yehuda, R., Kahana, B., Schmeidler, J., Southwick, S., Wilson, S., & Giller, E. (1995). Impact of cumulative lifetime trauma and recent stress on current post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in Holocaust survivors. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 1815-1818.
    • (1995) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 1815-1818
    • Yehuda, R.1    Kahana, B.2    Schmeidler, J.3    Southwick, S.4    Wilson, S.5    Giller, E.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.