The application of till geochemistry in exploration in the Rogen moraine area at Petajavaara, northern Finland

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

Volumn 68, Issue 1-2, 2000, Pages 87-104

  Sarala, Pertti ^a   Rossi, Seppo ^b  

^a FINNISH GEOSPATIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^b GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

Copper; Gold; Rogen moraine; Till geochemistry

Indexed keywords

QUARTZITE;

COPPER DEPOSITS; EXCAVATION; GOLD DEPOSITS; MINERAL EXPLORATION; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; VOLCANIC ROCKS;

EXPLORATORY GEOCHEMISTRY;

COPPER; GEOCHEMISTRY; GOLD; MINERAL EXPLORATION; MORAINE; TILL;

FINLAND;

EID: 0033998323     PISSN: 03756742     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0375-6742(99)00060-6     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Aario R. Classification and terminology of morainic landforms in Finland. Boreas. 6:1977;87-100.
2. Aario, R. (Ed.), 1990. Glacial heritage of Northern Finland; an excursion guide. Nordia tiedonantoja, Sarja A: 1, 96 pp.
3. Aario, R., Peuraniemi, V., 1992. Glacial dispersal of till constituents in morainic landforms of different types. In: Aario, R., Heikkinen, O. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Drumlin Symposium. Geomorphology 6 (1), 9-25.
4. Aario, R., Peuraniemi, V., Sarala, P., 1996. Exploration problems in glacial landforms of different types; studies in southern Finnish Lapland. Short Papers and Abstracts for the Jubilee Meeting, GFF 118, Jubilee Issue, A104.
5. Aario, R., Peuraniemi, V., Sarala, P., 1997. The Sihtuuna moraine at Tervola, southern Lapland. In: Piotrowski, J.A. (Ed.), Subglacial Environments. Sediment. Geol. 111, 135-145.
6. Atlas of Finland, 1990. Geology; 126, Hydrogeology, geochemistry, engineering geology. National Board of Survey, Geographical Society of Finland, Folio 123-126, 37-49.
7. Bloom, L.B., Steele, K.G., 1989. Gold in till: preliminary results from the Matheson area, Ontario. In: Dilabio, R.N.W., Coker, W.B. (Eds.), Drift Prospecting. Geol. Surv. Can., Pap. 89-20, 61-70.
8. Boyle, R.W., 1979. The geochemistry of gold and its deposits; together with a chapter on geochemical prospecting for the element. Geol. Surv. Can., Bull. 280, 584 pp.
9. Campbell, J.E., Schreiner, B.T., 1989. Quaternary geology and its implications to gold exploration in the La Ronge and Flin Flon domains, Saskatchewan. In: Dilabio, R.N.W., Coker, W.B. (Eds.), Drift Prospecting. Geol. Surv. Can., Pap. 89-20, 113-126.
10. Forsström, L., 1988. The northern limit of pine forest in Finland during the Weichselian interstadials. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., A III 147, 24 pp.
11. Forsström, L., 1995. The last glacial cycle (Weichselian) at the centre of the Fennoscandian glaciated area, evidence from Finland. Res Terrae, Ser. A 11, 34 pp.
12. Gleeson, C.F., Rampton, V.N., Thomas, R.D., Paradis, S., 1989. Effective mineral exploration for gold using geology, Quaternary geology and exploration geochemistry in areas of shallow till. Geol. Surv. Can., Pap. 89-20, 71-96.
13. Gustavsson, N., Noras, P., Tanskanen, H., 1979. Seloste geokemiallisen kartoituksen tutkimusmenetelmistä. Summary: Report on geochemical mapping methods. Geol. Surv. Finl., Rep. Invest. 39, 20 pp.
14. Hackman, V., 1910. Suomen geologinen yleiskartta 1 : 400,000, kallioperäkartta, lehti C6, Rovaniemi. Geologinen toimikunta, Helsinki.
15. Härkönen I., Keinänen V. Exploration of structurally controlled gold deposits in the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt. Geol. Surv. Finl., Spec. Pap. 10:1989;79-82.
16. Hartikainen, A., Nurmi, P.A., 1993. Till geochemistry in gold exploration in the late Archean Hattu schist belt, Ilomantsi, eastern Finland. In: Nurmi, P.A., Sorjonen-Ward, P. (Eds.), Geological Development, Gold Mineralization and Exploration Methods in the Late Archean Hattu Schist Belt, Ilomantsi, Eastern Finland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Spec. Pap. 17, 273-289.
17. Hättestrand, C., 1997a. Ribbed moraines in Sweden - distribution pattern and palaeoglaciological implications. In: Piotrowski, J.A. (Ed.), Subglacial Environments. Sediment. Geol. 111, 135-145.
18. Hättestrand, C., 1997b. Ripped moraines and Fennoscandian palaeoglaciology. Dissertation 9, The Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Dissertation Series, 6 pp. with 4 original papers.
19. Heikkinen, O., Tikkanen, M., 1989. Drumlins and flutings in Finland: their relationships to ice movement and to each other. In: Menzies, J., Rose, J. (Eds.), Subglacial Bedforms - Drumlins, Rogen-Moraine and Associated Subglacial Bedforms. Sediment. Geol. 62, 349-355.
20. Hirvas, H., 1991. Pleistocene stratigraphy of Finnish Lapland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Bull. 354, 123 pp.
21. Hirvas, H., Nenonen, K., 1990. Field methods for glacial indicator tracing. In: Kujansuu, R., Saarnisto, M. (Eds.), Glacial Indicator Tracing. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 217-247.
22. Kauranne L.K. On prospecting for molybdenum on the basis of its dispersion in glacial till. Bull. Comm. Géol. Finl. 180:1958;31-43.
23. Kauranne, L.K., 1975. Regional geochemical mapping in Finland. In: Jones, M.J. (Ed.), Prospecting in Areas of Glaciated Terrain 1975. Inst. Min. Metall., London, pp. 71-81.
24. Kauranne, L.K., Salminen, R., Eriksson, K. (Eds.), 1992. Handbook of Exploration Geochemistry, 5. Regolith Exploration Geochemistry in Arctic and Temperate Terrains. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 443 pp.
25. Koivisto, T., 1992. Discovery of a Cu-Au mineralization by step-by-step proceeding till geochemical study in humid hilly peneplain. In: Kauranne, K., Salminen, R., Eriksson, K. (Eds.), Handbook of Exploration Geochemistry, 5. Regolith Exploration Geochemistry in Arctic and Temperate Terrains. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 302-310.
26. Koljonen, T., 1992. Results of the mapping. In: Koljonen, T. (Ed.), The Geochemical Atlas of Finland, Part 2. Till. Geol. Surv. Finl., pp. 106-125.
27. Korkiakoski, E.A., 1992. Geology and geochemistry of the metakomatiite-hosted Pahtavaara gold deposit in Sodankylä, northern Finland, with emphasis on hydrothermal alteration. Geol. Surv. Finl. Bull. 360, 96 pp.
28. Korkiakoski E.A., Karvinen A., Pulkkinen E. Geochemistry and hydrothermal alteration of the Pahtavaara gold mineralization, Finnish Lapland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Spec. Pap. 10:1989;83-89.
29. Korpela K. Die Weichsel-Eiszeit und ihr Interstadial in Peräpohjola (nördliches Nordfinnland) im Licht von submoränen Sedimenten. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. A III. 99:1969;1-108.
30. Kujansuu, R., 1976. Glaciogeological surveys for ore-prospecting in northern Finland. In: Legget, R.F. (Ed.), Glacial Till. R. Soc. Can., Spec. Publ. 12, 225-239.
31. Lliboutry L. Local friction laws for glaciers: a critical review and new openings. J. Glaciol. 23:1979;67-95.
32. Lundqvist J. Problems of the so-called Rogen moraine. Sver. Geol. Unders. C 648:1969;1-32.
33. Lundqvist, J., 1989. Rogen (ribbed) moraine - identification and possible origin. In: Menzies, J., Rose, J. (Eds.), Subglacial Bedforms - Drumlins, Rogen Moraine and Associated Subglacial Bedforms. Sediment. Geol. 62, 281-292.
34. Lundqvist, J., 1997. Rogen moraine - an example of two-step formation of glacial landscapes. In: Piotrowski, J.A. (Ed.), Subglacial Environments. Sediment. Geol. 111, 27-40.
35. Menzies, J., Shilts, W.W., 1996. Subglacial environments. In: Menzies, J. (Ed.), Past Glacial Environments; Sediments, Forms and Techniques. Glacial Environments Series 2, Butterworth-Heinemann, London, pp. 15-136.
36. Nichol I., Lavin O.P., McClenaghan M.B., Stanley C.R. The optimization of geochemical exploration for gold using glacial till. Explor. Min. Geol. 1(4):1992;305-326.
37. Nurmi, P.A., Lestinen, P., Niskavaara, H., 1991. Geochemical characteristics of mesothermal gold deposits in the Fennoscandian Shield, and a comparison with selected Canadian and Australian deposits. Geol. Surv. Finl. Bull. 351, 101 pp.
38. Nurmi P.A., Sorjonen-Ward P., Damstén M. Geological setting, characteristics and exploration history of mesothermal gold occurrences in the late Archean Hattu schist belt, Ilomantsi, eastern Finland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Spec. Pap. 17:1993;193-231.
39. Pankka, H., Puustinen, K., Vanhanen, E., 1991. Kuusamon liuskealueen kulta-koboltti-uraaniesiintymät. Summary: Au-Co-U deposits in the Kuusamo volcano-sedimentary belt, Finland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Rep. Invest. 101, 53 pp.
40. Perttunen, V., 1989. Peräpohjan alueen vulkaniitit. Lapin vulkaniittiprojektin raportti. Summary: Volcanic rocks in the Peräpohja area, northern Finland. A report of the Lapland Volcanite Project. Geol. Surv. Finl., Rep. Inv. 92, 40 pp.
41. Perttunen, V., 1991. Kemin, Karungin, Simon ja Runkauksen kartta-alueiden kallioperä. Summary: Pre-Quaternary rocks of the Kemi, Karunki, Simo and Runkaus map-sheet areas. Suomen geologinen kartta 1 : 100,000. Kivilajikartan selitys. Lehdet 2541, 2542+2524, 2543 ja 2544. Geol. Surv. Finl., Espoo, 80 pp.
42. Perttunen, V., Hanski, E., Väänänen, J., Silvennoinen, A., 1997. Stratigraphical Map of the Peräpohja and Kuusamo Areas 1 : 300,000. Geological Survey of Finland, Rovaniemi.
43. Peuraniemi, V., 1982. Geochemistry of till and mode of occurrence of metals in some moraine types in Finland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Bull. 322, 75 pp.
44. Peuraniemi V. Geochemistry of till and humus in the Kotkajärvi Cu-Co-Au prospect, Kalvola, southern Finland. J. Geochem. Explor. 39:1991;363-378.
45. Punkari, M., 1996. Glacial Dynamics of the Northern European Ice Sheets. Dissertation, Department of Geology, Division of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Helsinki, 24 pp.
46. Rasilainen, K., Nurmi, P.A., Bornhorst, T.J., 1993. Rock geochemical implications for gold exploration in the late Archean Hattu schist belt, Ilomantsi, eastern Finland. In: Nurmi, P.A., Sorjonen-Ward, P. (Eds.), Geological Development, Gold Mineralization and Exploration Methods in the Late Archean Hattu Schist Belt, Ilomantsi, Eastern Finland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Spec. Pap. 17, 353-362.
47. Salminen, R., 1980. On the geochemistry of copper in the Quaternary deposits in the Kiihtelysvaara area, North Karelia, Finland. Geol. Surv. Finl., Bull. 309, 48 pp.
48. Salminen, R. (Ed.), 1995. Regional geochemical mapping in Finland in 1982-1994. Geol. Surv. Finl., Rep. Invest. 130.
49. Salminen R., Tarvainen T. Geochemical mapping and databases in Finland. J. Geochem. Explor. 55:1995;321-327.
50. Salonen, V.-P., 1988. Application of glacial dynamics, genetic differentiation of glacigenic deposits and their landforms to indicator tracing in the search for ore deposits. In: Goldthwait, R.P., Matsch, C.L. (Eds.), Genetic Classification of Glacigenic Deposits. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 183-190.
51. Sarala, P., Rossi, S., 1998. Kupari- ja kultapitoisen hiertovyöhykkeen paikantaminen moreenigeokemiallisin tutkimuksin Peräpohjan liuskealueelta Pohjois-Suomessa. Summary: Discovery of a copper- and gold-bearing shear zone as a result of research into the till geochemistry of the Peräpohja Schist Belt, northern Finland. Geol. Surv. Finl. Rep. Invest. 142, 45 pp.
52. Silvennoinen, A., Gustavson, M., Perttunen, V., Siedlelecka, A., Sjöstrand, T., Zachrisson, E., 1987. Geological map, Pre-Quaternary rocks, Northern Fennoscandia. Geological Surveys of Finland, Norway and Sweden.
53. Wennervirta, H., 1968. Application of geochemical methods to regional prospecting in Finland. Bull. Comm. Géol. Finl. 234, 91 pp.