Cardiovascular diseases, health status, brain imaging findings and neuropsychological functioning in neurologically healthy elderly individuals

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 115-130

  Ylikoski, Raija ^a   Ylikoski, Ari ^a   Raininko, Raili ^b   Keskivaara, Pertti ^e   Sulkava, Raimo ^c   Tilvis, Reijo ^d   Erkinjuntti, Timo ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^c UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

^d HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^e Helsinki University Central Hospital ^*

Author keywords

Aging; Health; MRI; Neuropsychology

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN ATROPHY; BRAIN FUNCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COGNITION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WHITE MATTER;

EID: 0033995805     PISSN: 01674943     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0167-4943(00)00045-5     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. American Psychiatric Association, 1987. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R). 3rd ed, revised ed. American Psychiatric Association, Washington D.C.
2. Awad I.A., Spetzöer R.F., Hodak J.A., Awad C.A., Carey R. Incidental subcortical lesions identified on magnetic resonance imaging in the elderly. 1. Correlation with age, and cerebrovascular risk factors. Stroke. 17:1986;1084-1097.
3. Barclay L.L., Weiss E.M., Mattis S., Bond O., Blass J.P. Unrecognized cognitive impairment in cardiac rehabilitation patients. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 36:1988;22-28.
4. Benton A.L., Sivan A.B. Problems and conceptual issues in neuropsychological research in aging and dementia. J. Clin. Psychol. 6:1984;57-63.
5. Breteler M.M.B., Claus J.J., Grobbee D.E., Hofman A. Cardiovascular disease and distribution of cognitive function in elderly people: The Rotterdam study. Br. Med. J. 308:1994;1604-1608.
6. Christensen A-L. Lurias Neuropsychological Investigation. 1975;Munksgaard, Copenhagen.
7. Christensen H., Jorm A.F., Henderson A.S., Mackinnon A.J., Korten A.E., Scott L.R. The relationship between health and cognitive functioning in a sample of elderly people in the community. Age Ageing. 23:1994;204-212.
8. DeCarli C., Murphy D.G.M., Tranh M., Grady C.L., Haxby J.V., Gillette J.A., Salerno J.A., Gonzales-Aviles A., Horwitz B., Rapoport S.I., Schapiro M.B. The effect of white matter hyperintensity volume on brain structure, cognitive performance, and cerebral metabolism of glucose in 51 healthy adults. Neurology. 45:1995;2077-2084.
9. De Renzi E., Faglioni P. Normative data and screening power of a shortened version of the Token test. Cortex. 14:1978;41-49.
10. Desmond D.W., Tatemichi T.K., Paik M., Stern Y. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease as correlates of cognitive function in a stroke-free cohort. Arch. Neurol. 50:1993;162-166.
11. Dixon W.J., Brown M.B., Engelman L., Jennrich R.I. BMDP Statistical Software Manual. 1990;University of California Press, Los Angeles.
12. Earles J.L., Salthouse T.A. Interrelations of age, health, and speed. J. Gerontol. Psychol. Sci. 50B:1995;P33-P41.
13. Elias M.F., Robbins M.A., Schultz N.R., Pierce T.W. Is blood pressure an important variable in research on aging and neuropsychological test performance? J. Gerontol.Psychol. Sci. 45:1990;P128-P135.
14. Elias M.F., Wolf P.A., D'Agostino R.B., Cobb J., White L.R. Untreated blood pressure level is inversely related to cognitive functioning: the Framingham study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 138:1993;353-364.
15. Elias M.F., Robbins M.A., Elias P.K. A 15-year longitudinal study of Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test performance. J. Gerontol. Psychol. Sci. 51B:1996;P331-P334.
16. Emery C.F., Huppert F.A., Schein R.L. Relationships among age, exercise, health and cognitive function in a British sample. Gerontologist. 35:1995;378-385.
17. Erkinjuntti T., Laaksonen R., Sulkava R., Syrjäläinen R., Palo J. Neuropsychological differentiation between normal aging, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Acta Neurol. Scand. 74:1986;393-403.
18. Farina E., Magni E., Ambrosini F., Manfredini F., Binda A., Sina C., Mariani C. Neuropsychological deficits in asymptomatic atrial fibrillation. Acta Neurol. Scand. 96:1997;310-316.
19. Farmer M.E., Kittner S.J., Abbot R.D., Wolz M.M., Wolf P.A., White L.R. Longitudinally measured blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, and cognitive performance: The Framingham Study. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 43:1990;475-480.
20. Fazekas F., Chawluk J.B., Alavi A., Hurtig H.I., Zimmerman R.A. MR signal abnormalities at 1.5 T in Alzhemier's dementia and normal aging. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 8:1987;421-426.
21. Folstein M.F., Folstein S.E. 'Mini-mental state' a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J. Psychiat. Res. 12:1975;189-198.
22. Fukuda H., Kitani M. Differences between treated and untreated hypertensive subjects in the extent of periventricular hyperintensities observed on brain MRI. Stroke. 26:1995;1593-1597.
23. Fuld P.A. Fuld Object-Memory Evaluation. 1982;Stoelting Company, Chicago.
24. Goldstein G., Materson B.J., Cushman W.C., Reda D.J., Freis E.D., Ramirez E.A., Talmers F.N., White T.J., Nunn S., Chapman R.H., Khatri I., Schnaper H., Thomas J.R., Henderson W.G., Fye C. Treatment of hypertension in the elderly: II. Cognitive and behavioral function. Results of a Department of Veterans Affairs Co-operative Study. Hypertension. 15:1990;361-369.
25. Goldstein I.B., Bartzokis G., Hance D.B., Shapiro D. Relationship between blood pressure and subcortical lesions in healthy elderly people. Stroke. 29:1998;765-772.
26. Graf P., Uttl B., Tuokko H. Color- and picture-word Stroop tests: performance changes in old age. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsyc. 17:1995;390-415.
27. Hertzog C., Schaie K.W., Gribbin K. Cardiovascular disease and changes in intellectual functioning from middle to old age. J. Gerontol. 33:1978;872-883.
28. Hughes C.P., Berg L., Danziger W.L., Coben L.A., Martin R. A new clinical scale for staging dementia. Br. J. Psychiat. 140:1982;566-572.
29. Kilander L., Andren B., Nyman H., Lind L., Boberg M., Lithell H. Atrial fibrillation is an independent determinant of low cognitive function. A cross-sectional study in elderly men. Stroke. 29:1998;1816-1820.
30. Laine M., Goodglass H., Niemi J., Koivuselkä-Sallinen P., Tuomainen J., Marttila P. Adaption of the Boston diagnostic aphasia examination and the Boston naming test into Finnish. Scand. J. Log. Phon. 18:1993;83-92.
31. Lezak M.D. Neuropsychological Assessment. Third Edition:1995;Oxford University Press, New York.
32. Lindgren A., Roijer A., Rudling O., Norrving B., Larsson E-M., Eskilsson J., Wallin L., Olsson B., Johansson B.B. Cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, heart disease, and vascular risk factors in subjects without stroke. Stroke. 25:1994;929-934.
33. Longstreth W.T., Manolio T.E., Arnold A., Burke G.L., Bryan N., Jungreis C.A., Enright P.L., O'Leary D., Fried L. Clinical correlates of white matter findings on cranial magnetic resonance imaging of 3301 elderly people. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Stroke. 27:1996;1274-1282.
34. Manolio T.A., Kronmal R.A., Burke G.L., Poirier V., O'Leary D.H., Gardin J.M., Fried L.P., Syeinberg E.P., Bryan R.N. Magnetic resonance abnormalities and cardiovascular disease in older adults. The Cardiovascular Health study. Stroke. 25:1994;318-327.
35. Parnetti L., Mecocci P., Ciufetti G., Bellomo G., Senin U. Blood pressure and functional aspects of the aging brain. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 9:1989;155-161.
36. Perlmutter M., Nyquist L. Relationship between self-reported physical and mental health and intelligence performance across adulthood. J. Gerontol. Psychol. Sci. 45:1990;145-155.
37. Perret E. The left frontal lobe in man and the suppression of habitual responses in verbal categorical behavior. Neuropsychologia. 12:1974;323-330.
38. Phillips N.A., Mate-Kole C.C. Cognitive deficits in peripheral vascular disease. A comparison of mild stroke patients and normal control subjects. Stroke. 28:1997;777-784.
39. Reitan R.M. Validity of the trail making test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Percept. Motor Skill. 8:1958;271-276.
40. Shimada K., Kawamoto A., Matsubayashi K., Ozawa T. Silent cerebrovascular disease in the elderly. Hypertension. 16:1990;692-699.
41. Schmidt R., Fazekas F., Offenbacher H., Dusleag Y., Lechner H. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychologic evaluation of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Stroke. 22:1991;195-199.
42. Schmidt R., Fazekas F., Koch M., Kapeller P., Augustin M., Offenbacher H., Fazekas G., Lechner H. Magnetic resonance imaging cerebral abnormalities and neuropsychologic test performance in elderly hypertensive subjects. Arch. Neurol. 52:1995;905-910.
43. Vanhanen M., Koivisto K., Karjalainen L., Helkala E-L., Laakso M., Soininen H., Riekkinen P. Risk for non-insulin-dependent diabetes in the normoglycaemic elderly is associated with impaired cognitive function. Neuroreport. 8:1997;1527-1530.
44. Van Swieten J.C., Geyskes G.G., Derix M.M.A., Peeck B.M., Ramos L.M.P., van Latum J.C., van Gijn J. Hypertension in the elderly is associated with white matter lesions and cognitive decline. Ann. Neurol. 30:1991;825-830.
45. Vingerhoets G., Nooten G., Jannes C. Neuropsychological impairment in candidates for cardiac surgery. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 3:1997;480-484.
46. Wechsler D. WMS-R, Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. Manual. The Psychological Corporation. 1987;Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. San Antonio.
47. Wechsler D. A standardized memory scale for clinical use. J. Psychol. 19:1945;87-95.
48. Wechsler D. WAIS-R Manual. 1981;Psychological Corporation, New York.
49. Ylikoski A., Erkinjuntti T., Raininko R., Sarna S., Sulkava R., Tilvis R. White matter hyperintensities on MRI in the neurologically non-diseased elderly. Analysis of cohorts of consecutive subjects aged 55 to 85 years living at home. Stroke. 26:1995;1171-1177.
50. Ylikoski R., Ylikoski A., Erkinjuntti T., Raininko R., Sulkava R., Tilvis R. White matter changes in healthy elderly persons correlate with attention and speed of mental processing. Arch. Neurol. 50:1993;818-824.
51. Zung W.W.K. A self-rating depression scale. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 12:1962;63-70.