Evaluating group distributional characteristics: Why psychophysiologists should be interested in qualitative departures from the normal distribution

Psychophysiology

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 21-28

  Riniolo, Todd C ^a   Porges, Stephen W ^b  

^a ADAMS STATE COLLEGE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

Data; Distribution; Statistics

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; DATA ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HEART CYCLE; HUMAN; MALE; NEWBORN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY; SINUS ARRHYTHMIA; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0033987750     PISSN: 00485772     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0048577200980065     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Akritas, M. G. (1991). Limitations of the rank transform procedure: A study of repeated measures designs, part 1. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 86, 457-460.
2. Berntson, G. G., Cacioppo, J. T., & Quigley, K. S. (1995). The metrics of cardiac chronotropism: Biometric perspectives. Psychophysiology, 32, 162-171.
3. Blair, R. C., & Higgins, J. J. (1985). Comparison of the power of the paired samples t test to that of Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test under various population shapes. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 119-128.
4. Blair, R. C., Higgins, J. J., & Smitley, W. D. S. (1980). On the relative power of the U and t tests. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 33, 114-120.
5. Blair, R. C., Sawilowsky, S. S., & Higgins, J. J. (1987). Limitations of the rank transform statistic in tests for interactions. Communications in Statistics, Part B: Simulation and Computation, 16, 1133-1145.
6. Bush, L. K., Hess, U., & Wolford, G. (1993). Transformations for within-subject designs: A Monte Carlo investigation. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 566-579.
7. Conover, W. J., & Iman, R. L. (1981). Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparametric statistics. The American Statistician, 35, 124-133.
8. Efron, B. (1979). Bootstrap methods: Another look at the jackknife. Annals of Statistics, 7, 1-26.
9. Games, P. A. (1984). Data transformations, power, and skew: A rebuttal to Levine and Dunlap. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 345-347.
10. Geary, R. C. (1947). Testing for normality. Biometrika, 34, 209-242.
11. Graham, F. K. (1978). Normality of distributions and homogeneity of variance of heart rate and heart period samples. Psychophysiology, 15, 487-491.
12. Gross, A. M. (1976). Confidence interval robustness with long-tailed symmetric distributions. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 71, 409-416.
13. Hill, M. A., & Dixon, W. J. (1982). Robustness in real life: A study of clinical laboratory data. Biometrics, 38, 377-396.
14. Hogg, R. V. (1974). Adaptive robust procedures: A partial review and some suggestions for future applications and theory. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 69, 909-927.
15. Hogg, R. V., Fisher, D. M., & Randles, R. H. (1975). A two-sample adaptive distribution-free test. Journal of the American Statistical Association. 70, 656-661.
16. Jennings, J. R., Stringfellow, J. C., & Graham, M. (1974). A comparison of the statistical distributions of beat-by-beat heart rate and heart period. Psychophysiology, 11, 207-210.
17. Khachaturian, Z. S., Kerr, J., Kruger, R., & Schachter, J. (1972). A methodological note: Comparison between period and rate data in studies of cardiac function. Psychophysiology, 9, 539-545.
18. Levine, D. W., & Dunlap, W. P. (1983). Data transformation, power, and skew: A rejoinder to Games. Psychological Bulletin, 93, 596-599.
19. Matlab 4.0 [Computer program]. (1995). Natick, MA: Math Works.
20. Micceri, T. (1989). The unicorn. The normal curve, and other improbable creatures. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 156-166.
21. Mooney, C. Z., & Duval, R. D. (1993). Bootstrapping: A nonparametric approach to statistical inference. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
22. Pagano, R. R. (1994). Understanding statistics in the behavioral sciences (4th ed.). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing.
23. Porges, S. W. (1985). Method and apparatus for evaluating rhythmic oscillation in aperiodic physiological response systems. United States Patent No. 4,510,944.
24. Porges, S. W., & Bohrer, R. E. (1990). Analyses of periodic processes in psychophysiological research. In J. T. Cacioppo & I. G. Tassinary (Eds.), Principles of psychophysiology: Physical, social and inferential elements (pp. 707-753). New York: Cambridge University Press.
25. Riniolo, T. C., & Porges, S. W. (1996). Problems with small sample sizes in psychophysiology research [Abstract]. Psychophysiology, 33 (Suppl.), S70.
26. Riniolo, T. C., & Porges, S. W. (1997). Inferential and descriptive influences on measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia: Sampling rate, R-wave trigger accuracy, and variance estimates. Psychophysiology, 34, 613-621.
27. Scheffe, H. (1959). The analysis of variance. New York: Wiley.
28. Shoemaker, L. H., & Rosenberger, J. L. (1983). Moments and efficiency of the median and trimmed mean for finite populations. Communications in Statistics, Part B: Simulation and Computation, 12, 411-422.
29. Statistics Toolbox [Computer program]. (1996). Natick, MA: Math Works.
30. Stigler, S. M. (1977). Do robust estimators work with real data? The Annals of Statistics, 5, 1055-1098.
31. Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1971). Belief in the law of small numbers. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 105-110.
32. Walberg, H. J., Strykowski, B. F., Rovai, E., & Hung, S. S. (1984). Exceptional performance. Review of Educational Research, 54, 87-112.
33. Wasserman, S., & Bockenholt, U. (1989). Bootstrapping: Applications to psychophysiology. Psychophysiology, 26, 208-221.
34. Wilcox, R. R. (1990). Comparing the means of two independent groups. Biometrical Journal, 7, 771-780.
35. Wilcox, R. R. (1992). Why can methods for comparing means have relatively low power and what can you do to correct the problem? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 101-105.
36. Wilcox, R. R. (1996). Statistics for the social sciences. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
37. Wilcox, R. R. (1997). Introduction to robust estimation and hypothesis testing. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
38. Wilcox, R. R. (1998). How many discoveries have been lost by ignoring modern statistical methods? American Psychologist, 53, 300-314.
39. Wilcox, R. R., & Charlin, V. L. (1986). Comparing medians: A Monte Carlo study. Journal of Educational Statistics, 11, 263-274.