메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 95-109

Accident reduction factors and causal inference in traffic safety studies: A review

Author keywords

Accident countermeasures; Accident reduction factor; Before after studies; Rubin causal model

Indexed keywords

EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; REVIEW; SAFETY; STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT;

EID: 0033987330     PISSN: 00014575     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0001-4575(99)00050-0     Document Type: Short Survey
Times cited : (45)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0012530145 scopus 로고
    • Accidents at blackspots: Estimating the effectiveness of remedial treatment, with special reference to the 'regression-to-mean' effect
    • Abbess, C., Jarrett, D., Wright, C., 1981. Accidents at blackspots: estimating the effectiveness of remedial treatment, with special reference to the 'regression-to-mean' effect. Traffic Engineering and Control 22, 535-542.
    • (1981) Traffic Engineering and Control , vol.22 , pp. 535-542
    • Abbess, C.1    Jarrett, D.2    Wright, C.3
  • 4
  • 5
    • 0001771139 scopus 로고
    • Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research on teaching
    • Gage, N. (Ed.), Rand-McNally, Chicago, IL
    • Campbell, D., Stanley, J., 1963. Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research on teaching. In: Gage, N. (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Teaching. Rand-McNally, Chicago, IL.
    • (1963) Handbook of Research on Teaching
    • Campbell, D.1    Stanley, J.2
  • 8
    • 0022664479 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of two methods for estimating the effect of a countermeasure in the presence of regression effects
    • Danielsson, S., 1986. A comparison of two methods for estimating the effect of a countermeasure in the presence of regression effects. Accident Analysis and Prevention 18, 13-23.
    • (1986) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.18 , pp. 13-23
    • Danielsson, S.1
  • 9
    • 0024067570 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the effects of countermeasures on different types of accidents in the presence of regression effects
    • Danielsson, S., 1988. Estimation of the effects of countermeasures on different types of accidents in the presence of regression effects. Accident Analysis and Prevention 20, 289-298.
    • (1988) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.20 , pp. 289-298
    • Danielsson, S.1
  • 16
    • 0347846073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety evaluation of continuous shoulder rumble strips installed on freeways
    • Griffith, M., 1999. Safety evaluation of continuous shoulder rumble strips installed on freeways. Paper 990162 presented at 78th meeting of the Transportation Research Board.
    • (1999) 78th Meeting of the Transportation Research Board
    • Griffith, M.1
  • 18
    • 0019028518 scopus 로고
    • Bias-by-selection: Overestimation of the effectiveness of safety countermeasures caused by the process of selection for treatment
    • Hauer, E., 1980a. Bias-by-selection: overestimation of the effectiveness of safety countermeasures caused by the process of selection for treatment. Accident Analysis and Prevention 12, 113-117.
    • (1980) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.12 , pp. 113-117
    • Hauer, E.1
  • 19
    • 0343090062 scopus 로고
    • Selection for treatment as a source of bias in before-and-after studies
    • Hauer, E., 1980b. Selection for treatment as a source of bias in before-and-after studies. Traffic Engineering and Control 21, 419-421.
    • (1980) Traffic Engineering and Control , vol.21 , pp. 419-421
    • Hauer, E.1
  • 20
    • 0022664486 scopus 로고
    • On the estimation of the expected number of accidents
    • Hauer, E., 1986. On the estimation of the expected number of accidents. Accident Analysis and Prevention 18, 1-12.
    • (1986) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.18 , pp. 1-12
    • Hauer, E.1
  • 21
    • 0346585989 scopus 로고
    • The engineering of safety and the safety of engineering
    • Rothe, J. (Ed.), Transaction Publishers, London
    • Hauer, E., 1990. The engineering of safety and the safety of engineering. In: Rothe, J. (Ed.), Challenging the Old Order: Towards New Directions in Traffic Safety Theory. Transaction Publishers, London, pp. 39-71.
    • (1990) Challenging the Old Order: Towards New Directions in Traffic Safety Theory , pp. 39-71
    • Hauer, E.1
  • 22
    • 0026933642 scopus 로고
    • Empirical Bayes approach to the estimation of 'unsafety': The multivariate regression method
    • Hauer, E., 1992. Empirical Bayes approach to the estimation of 'unsafety': the multivariate regression method. Accident Analysis and Prevention 24, 457-477.
    • (1992) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.24 , pp. 457-477
    • Hauer, E.1
  • 24
  • 25
    • 0346585988 scopus 로고
    • Common bias in before-and-after accident comparisons and its elimination
    • Hauer, E., Persaud, B., 1983. Common bias in before-and-after accident comparisons and its elimination. Transportation Research Record 905, 164-174.
    • (1983) Transportation Research Record , vol.905 , pp. 164-174
    • Hauer, E.1    Persaud, B.2
  • 26
    • 0023604061 scopus 로고
    • How to estimate the safety of rail-highway grade crossings and the safety effects of warning devices
    • Hauer, E., Persaud, B., 1987. How to estimate the safety of rail-highway grade crossings and the safety effects of warning devices. Transportation Research Record 1114, 131-140.
    • (1987) Transportation Research Record , vol.1114 , pp. 131-140
    • Hauer, E.1    Persaud, B.2
  • 27
    • 0028738824 scopus 로고
    • Effect of resurfacing on safety of two-lane rural roads in New York State
    • Hauer, E., Terry, D., Griffith, M., 1994. Effect of resurfacing on safety of two-lane rural roads in New York State. Transportation Research Record 1467, 30-37.
    • (1994) Transportation Research Record , vol.1467 , pp. 30-37
    • Hauer, E.1    Terry, D.2    Griffith, M.3
  • 30
    • 0031535102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian inference for causal effects in randomized experiments with noncompliance
    • Imbens, G., Rubin, D., 1997. Bayesian inference for causal effects in randomized experiments with noncompliance. Annals of Statistics 25, 305-327.
    • (1997) Annals of Statistics , vol.25 , pp. 305-327
    • Imbens, G.1    Rubin, D.2
  • 35
    • 0347846076 scopus 로고
    • Two simple techniques for determining the significance of accident-reducing measures
    • Michaels, R., 1959. Two simple techniques for determining the significance of accident-reducing measures. Public Roads 30, 238-239.
    • (1959) Public Roads , vol.30 , pp. 238-239
    • Michaels, R.1
  • 36
    • 77956888769 scopus 로고
    • Causal diagrams for experimental research
    • Pearl, J., 1995. Causal diagrams for experimental research. Biometrika 82, 669-710.
    • (1995) Biometrika , vol.82 , pp. 669-710
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 37
    • 0345954707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • report to Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC
    • Pendleton, O., 1996. Evaluation of Accident Analysis Methodology, report to Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC.
    • (1996) Evaluation of Accident Analysis Methodology
    • Pendleton, O.1
  • 39
    • 0024179401 scopus 로고
    • Do traffic signals affect safety? Some methodological issues
    • Persaud, B., 1988. Do traffic signals affect safety? Some methodological issues. Transportation Research Record 1185, 37-47.
    • (1988) Transportation Research Record , vol.1185 , pp. 37-47
    • Persaud, B.1
  • 40
    • 0002152348 scopus 로고
    • On the interpretation and observation of laws
    • Pratt, J., Schlaifer, R., 1988. On the interpretation and observation of laws. Journal of Econometrics 39, 23-52.
    • (1988) Journal of Econometrics , vol.39 , pp. 23-52
    • Pratt, J.1    Schlaifer, R.2
  • 42
    • 0001815275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal inference from complex longitudinal data
    • Berkane, M. (Ed.), Springer-Verlag, New York
    • Robins, J., 1997. Causal inference from complex longitudinal data. In: Berkane, M. (Ed.), Latent Variable Modeling and Applications to Causality. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 69-117.
    • (1997) Latent Variable Modeling and Applications to Causality , pp. 69-117
    • Robins, J.1
  • 43
    • 0026708512 scopus 로고
    • Estimating exposure effects by modelling the expectation of exposure conditional on confounders
    • Robins, J., Mark, S., Newey, W., 1992. Estimating exposure effects by modelling the expectation of exposure conditional on confounders. Biometrics 48, 479-495.
    • (1992) Biometrics , vol.48 , pp. 479-495
    • Robins, J.1    Mark, S.2    Newey, W.3
  • 45
    • 0242337835 scopus 로고
    • From association to causation in observational studies: The role of tests of strongly ignorable treatment assignment
    • Rosenbaum, P., 1984. From association to causation in observational studies: the role of tests of strongly ignorable treatment assignment. Journal of the American Statistical Association 79, 41-48.
    • (1984) Journal of the American Statistical Association , vol.79 , pp. 41-48
    • Rosenbaum, P.1
  • 47
    • 77951622706 scopus 로고
    • The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
    • Rosenbaum, P., Rubin, D., 1983. The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika 70, 41-55.
    • (1983) Biometrika , vol.70 , pp. 41-55
    • Rosenbaum, P.1    Rubin, D.2
  • 48
    • 84949193513 scopus 로고
    • Reducing bias in observational studies using subclassification on the propensity score
    • Rosenbaum, P., Rubin, D., 1984. Reducing bias in observational studies using subclassification on the propensity score. Journal of the American Statistical Association 79, 516-524.
    • (1984) Journal of the American Statistical Association , vol.79 , pp. 516-524
    • Rosenbaum, P.1    Rubin, D.2
  • 49
    • 84945581878 scopus 로고
    • Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score
    • Rosenbaum, P., Rubin, D., 1985. Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score. American Statistician 39, 33-38.
    • (1985) American Statistician , vol.39 , pp. 33-38
    • Rosenbaum, P.1    Rubin, D.2
  • 50
    • 58149417330 scopus 로고
    • Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and nonrandomized studies
    • Rubin, D., 1974. Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and nonrandomized studies. Journal of Educational Psychology 66, 688-701.
    • (1974) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 688-701
    • Rubin, D.1
  • 51
    • 0001599001 scopus 로고
    • Assignment to treatment group on the basis of a covariate
    • Rubin, D., 1977. Assignment to treatment group on the basis of a covariate. Journal of Educational Statistics 2, 1-26.
    • (1977) Journal of Educational Statistics , vol.2 , pp. 1-26
    • Rubin, D.1
  • 52
    • 0002531157 scopus 로고
    • Bayesian inference for causal effects: The role of randomization
    • Rubin, D., 1978. Bayesian inference for causal effects: the role of randomization. Annals of Statistics 6, 34-58.
    • (1978) Annals of Statistics , vol.6 , pp. 34-58
    • Rubin, D.1
  • 53
    • 0026354283 scopus 로고
    • Practical implications of modes of inference for causal effects and the critical role of the assignment mechanism
    • Rubin, D., 1991. Practical implications of modes of inference for causal effects and the critical role of the assignment mechanism. Biometrics 47, 1213-1234.
    • (1991) Biometrics , vol.47 , pp. 1213-1234
    • Rubin, D.1
  • 54
    • 0027317037 scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials and causation: Bayesian perspectives
    • Schaffner, K., 1993. Clinical trials and causation: Bayesian perspectives. Statistics in Medicine 12, 1477-1494.
    • (1993) Statistics in Medicine , vol.12 , pp. 1477-1494
    • Schaffner, K.1
  • 56
    • 1842579852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological considerations in the development and use of crash reduction factors
    • Washington, DC
    • Tarko, A., Eranky, S., Sinha, K., 1998. Methodological considerations in the development and use of crash reduction factors. Paper 980161 presented at 77th meeting of Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC.
    • (1998) 77th Meeting of Transportation Research Board
    • Tarko, A.1    Eranky, S.2    Sinha, K.3
  • 57
  • 58
    • 0021084380 scopus 로고
    • The myth of rationality: Development planning reconsidered
    • Webber, M., 1983. The myth of rationality: development planning reconsidered. Environment and Planning B 10, 89-99.
    • (1983) Environment and Planning B , vol.10 , pp. 89-99
    • Webber, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.