A tale of two strategies: Life-history aspects of family strife

Condor

Volumn 102, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 23-34

  Forbes, Scott ^a   Mock, Douglas W ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WINNIPEG   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

Brood reduction; Insurance; Over production; Siblicide

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033954904     PISSN: 00105422     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1370405     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. AMUNDSEN, T., AND T. SLAGSVOLD. 1996. Lack's brood reduction hypothesis and avian hatching asynchrony: what's next? Oikos 76:613-620.
2. ANDERSON, D. J. 1989. The role of hatching asynchrony in siblicidal brood reduction of two booby species. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 25:363-368.
3. ANDERSON, D. J. 1990. Evolution of obligate siblicide in boobies. I. A test of the insurance egg hypothesis. Am. Nat. 135:334-350.
4. BARBER, C. A., AND R. M. EVANS. 1995. Clutch-size manipulations in the Yellow-headed Blackbird: a test of the individual optimization hypothesis. Condor 97:352-360.
5. BRAUN, B. M., AND G. L. HUNT JR. 1983. Brood reduction in Black-legged Kittiwakes. Auk 100: 469-476.
6. BOLLINGER, P. B., E. K. BOLLINGER, AND R. A. MALECKI. 1990. Tests of three hypotheses of hatching asynchrony in the Common Tern. Auk 107:696-706.
7. BORTOLOTTI, G. D., K. L. WIEBE, AND W. K. IKO. 1991. Cannibalism of American Kestrel nestlings by their parents and siblings. Can. J. Zool. 69:1447-1453.
8. BROWN, L. H., V. GARGETT, AND P. STEYN. 1977. Breeding success in some African eagles related to theories about sibling aggression and its effects. Ibis 48:65-71.
9. BUCHHOLZ, J. T. 1922. Developmental selection in vascular plants. Bot. Gaz. 73:249-286.
10. CASH, K., AND R. M. EVANS. 1986. Brood reduction in the American White Pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 18:413-418.
11. CHARNOV, E. L., AND J. KREBS. 1974. On clutch-size and fitness. Ibis 116:217-219.
12. COOPER, J. 1980. Fatal sibling aggression in pelicans -a review. Ostrich 51:183-186.
13. DORWARD, E. F. 1962. Comparative biology of the White Booby and Brown Booby Sula spp. at Ascension. Ibis 103b:74-220.
14. DRENT, R. H., AND S. DAAN. 1980. The prudent parent: energetic adjustments in avian breeding. Ardea 68:225-252.
15. DRUMMOND, H. 1993. Have avian parents lost control of offspring aggression? Etología 3:187-198.
16. DRUMMOND, H., E. GONZALEZ, AND J. L. OSORNO. 1986. Parent-offspring co-operation in the Blue-footed Booby, Sula nebouxii. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 19: 365-392.
17. EVANS, R. M. 1996. Hatching asynchrony and survival of insurance offspring in an obligate brood reducing species, the American White Pelican. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 39:203-209.
18. EVANS, R. M., AND S. C. LEE. 1991. Terminal-egg neglect: brood reduction strategy or cost of asynchronous hatching? Int. Ornithol. Congr. 20: 1734-1740.
19. EVANS, R. M., AND B. F. MCMAHON. 1987. Within- brood variation in growth and condition in relation to brood reduction in the American White Pelican. Wilson Bull. 99:190-201.
20. FORBES, L. S. 1990. Insurance offspring and the evolution of avian clutch size. J. Theor. Biol. 147: 345-359.
21. FORBES, L. S. 1991. Insurance offspring and brood reduction in a variable environment: the costs and benefits of pessimism. Oikos 62:325-332.
22. FORBES, L. S., AND T. C. LAMEY. 1996. Insurance, developmental accidents, and the risks of putting all your eggs in one basket. J. Theor. Biol. 180:247-256.
23. FORBES, L. S., AND D. W. MOCK. 1998. Parental optimism and progeny choice: When is screening for offspring quality affordable? J. Theor. Biol. 192: 3-14.
24. FORBES, L. S., S. THORNTON, B. GLASSEY, M. FORBES, AND N. J. BUCKLEY. 1997. Why parent birds play favourites. Nature 390:351-352.
25. GARGETT, V. 1978. Sibling aggression in the Black Eagle in the Matopos, Rhodesia. Ostrich 49:57-63.
26. HEANEY, V., AND P. MONAGHAN. 1996. Optimal allocation of effort between reproductive phases: the trade-off between incubation costs and subsequent brood rearing capacity. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 263: 1719-1724.
27. INGRAM, C. 1959. The importance of juvenile cannibalism in the breeding biology of certain birds of prey. Auk 76:218-226.
28. KEPLER, C. 1969. The breeding biology of the Blue-faced Booby (Sula dactylatra personata) on Green Island, Kure. Publ. Nuttall Ornithol. Club 8.
29. KOZLOWSKI, J., AND S. C. STEARNS. 1989. Hypotheses for the production of excess zygotes: models of bet-hedging and selective abortion. Evolution 43: 1369-1377.
30. LACK, D. 1947. The significance of clutch-size. Parts 1 and 2. Ibis 89:302-352.
31. LACK, D. 1948. The significance of clutch-size. Part 3. Ibis 90:25-45.
32. LACK, D. 1966. Population studies of birds. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
33. LACK, D. 1968. Ecological adaptations for breeding in birds. Methuen, London.
34. LAMEY, T. C., R. M. EVANS, AND J. D. HUNT. 1996. Insurance reproductive value and facultative brood reduction. Oikos 7:285-290.
35. LAMEY, T. C., AND C. S. LAMEY. 1994. Hatch synchrony and bad food years. Am. Nat. 143:734-738.
36. LESSELLS, C. M., AND M. I. AVERY. 1989. Hatching asynchrony in European Bee-eaters Merops apiaster. J. Anim. Ecol. 58:815-835.
37. LUNDBERG, S. 1985. The importance of egg hatchability and nest predation in clutch size evolution in altricial birds. Oikos 45:110-117.
38. LYON, B. E. 1998. Optimal clutch size and conspecific brood parasitism. Nature 392:380-383.
39. LYON, B. E., J. M. EADIE, AND L. D. HAMILTON. 1994. Parental choice selects for ornamental plumage in American Coot chicks. Nature 371:240-243.
40. MAGRATH, R. D. 1990. Hatching asynchrony in altricial birds. Biol. Rev. 65:587-622.
41. MALTHUS, T. 1798. An essay on the principle of population, as it affects the future improvement of society, with remarks on the speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and other writers. J. Johnson, London.
42. MEAD, P. S., AND M. L. MORTON. 1985. Hatching asynchrony in the Mountain White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha): a selected or incidental trait? Auk 102:781-792.
43. MÍNGUEZ, E. 1998. The costs of incubation in the British Storm-petrel: an experimental study in a single-egg layer. J. Avian. Biol. 29:183-189.
44. MOCK, D. W. 1984. Infanticide, siblicide, and avian nestling mortality, p. 3-30. In G. Hausfater and S. B. Hrdy [EDS.], Infanticide: comparative and evolutionary perspectives. Aldine, Chicago.
45. MOCK, D. W. 1985. Siblicidal brood reduction: the prey-size hypothesis. Am. Nat. 125:327-343.
46. MOCK, D. W., H. DRUMMOND, AND C. H. STINSON. 1990. Avian siblicide. Am. Sci. 78:438-449.
47. MOCK, D. W., AND L. S. FORBES. 1994. Life-history consequences of avian brood reduction. Auk 111: 115-123.
48. MOCK, D. W., AND L. S. FORBES. 1995. The evolution of parental optimism. Trends Ecol. Evol. 10:130-134.
49. MOCK, D. W., AND G. A. PARKER 1986. Advantages and disadvantages of egret and heron brood reduction. Evolution 40:459-470.
50. MOCK, D. W., AND G. A. PARKER. 1997. The evolution of sibling rivalry. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.
51. MONAGHAN, P., R. G. NAGER, AND D. C. HOUSTON. 1998. The price of eggs: increased investment in egg production reduces the offspring rearing capacity of parents. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 265:1-5.
52. NELSON, J. B. 1978. The Sulidae: the gannets and boobies. Oxford Univ. Press, London.
53. NUECHTERLEIN, G. L., AND A. JOHNSON. 1981. The downy young of the Hooded Grebe. Living Bird 19:69-71.
54. O'CONNOR, R. J. 1978. Brood reduction in birds: selection for infanticide, fratricide, and suicide? Anim. Behav. 26:79-96.
55. PIJANOWSKI, B. C. 1992. A revision of Lack's brood reduction hypothesis. Am. Nat. 139:1270-1292.
56. RETTIG, N. L. 1978. Breeding behavior of the Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja). Auk 95:629-643.
57. SIMMONS, R. E. 1988. Offspring quality and the evolution of Cainism. Ibis 130:339-357.
58. SIMMONS, R. E. 1997. Why don't all siblicidal eagles lay insurance eggs? The egg quality hypothesis. Behav. Ecol. 8:544-550.
59. SLAGSVOLD, T. 1986. Asynchronous vs. synchronous hatching in birds: experiments with the pied flycatcher. J. Anim. Ecol. 55:1115-1134.
60. SMITH, C. C., AND S. D. FRETWELL. 1974. The optimal balance between size and number of offspring. Am. Nat. 108:499-506.
61. SMITH, K. G. 1988. Clutch-size dependent asynchronous hatching and brood reduction in Junco hyemalis. Auk 105:200-203.
62. SPEAR, L. B., AND N. NUR. 1994. Brood size, hatching order and hatching date: effects on four life-history stages from hatching to recruitment in Western Gulls. J. Anim. Ecol. 63:283-298.
63. STENNING, M. J. 1996. Hatching asynchrony, brood reduction and other rapidly reproducing hypotheses. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11:243-246.
64. STEPHENSON, A. G. 1981. Flower and fruit abortion: proximate causes and ultimate functions. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 12:253-280.
65. STEYN, P. 1980. Further observations on the Tawny Eagle. Ostrich 51:54-55.
66. STOLESON, S. H., AND S. R. BEISSINGER. 1995. Hatching asynchrony and the onset of incubation in birds, revisited: when is the critical period? Current Ornithol. 12:191-270.
67. STOUFFER, P. C., AND H. W. POWER. 1990. Density effects on asynchronous hatching and brood reduction in European Starlings. Auk 107:359-366.
68. TEMME, D. H., AND E. L. CHARNOV. 1987. Brood size adjustment in birds: economical tracking in a temporally varying environment. J. Theor. Biol. 126: 137-147.
69. THOMAS, F., Y. KAYSER, AND H. HAFNER. 1999. Nestling size rank in Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) influences subsequent breeding success of offspring. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 45:466-470.
70. TRIVERS, R. L. 1974. Parent-offspring conflict. Am. Zool. 14:249-264.
71. WIEBE, K. L. 1996. The insurance-egg hypothesis and extra reproductive value of last-laid eggs in clutches of American Kestrels. Auk 113:258-261.
72. WIEBE, K. L., AND G. D. BORTOLOTTI. 1992. Facultative sex ratio manipulation in American Kestrels. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30:379-386.
73. WIEBE, K. L., AND G. R. BORTOLOTTI. 1995. Food-dependent benefits of hatching asynchrony in American Kestrels Falco sparverius. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 36:49-57.
74. WILLIAMS, A. J. 1980. The clutch sizes of macaroni and rockhopper penguins. Emu 81:87-90.
75. WILLIAMS, G. C. 1966. Natural selection, the costs of reproduction, and a refinement of Lack's principle. Am. Nat. 100:687-690.
76. WOODWARD, P. W. 1972. The natural history of Kure Atoll, northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Atoll Res. Bull. 194.
77. WYNNE-EDWARDS, V. C. 1962. Animal dispersion in relation to social behaviour. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
78. YDENBERG, R. C., AND D. F. BERTRAM. 1989. Lack's clutch size hypothesis and brood enlargement studies of colonial seabirds. Colonial Waterbirds 12:134-137.