Which traits of species predict population declines in experimental forest fragments?

Ecology

Volumn 81, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 1450-1461

  Davies, Kendi F ^a,b   Margules, Chris R ^b   Lawrence, John F ^b  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

Beetles; Body size; Dispersal; Experimental fragmentation; Extinction risk; Forest fragments; Isolation; Rarity; Traits; Trophic group

Indexed keywords

BEETLE; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; EXTINCTION RISK; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; POPULATION DECLINE;

AUSTRALIA;

EID: 0033949836     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[1450:WTOSPP]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Aizen, M. A., and P. Feinsinger. 1994. Forest fragmentation, pollination, and plant reproduction in a Chaco dry forest, Argentina. Ecology 75:330-351.
2. Angermeier, P. I. 1995. Ecological attributes of extinction-prone species: loss of freshwater fishes of Virginia. Conservation Biology 9:143-158.
3. Bierregaard, R. O., T. E. Lovejoy, V. Kapos, A. A. dos Santos, and R. W. Hutchings. 1992. The biological dynamics of tropical rainforest fragments. BioScience 42:856-866.
4. Blackburn, T. M., V. K. Brown, B. M. Doube, J. J. D. Greenwood, J. H. Lawton, and N. E. Stork. 1993. The relationship between abundance and body size in natural assemblages. Journal of Animal Ecology 62:519-528.
5. Blackburn, T. M., and K. J. Gaston. 1994. Animal body size distributions: patterns, mechanisms and implications. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9:471-474.
6. Blackburn, T. M., and K. J. Gaston. 1997. A critical assessment of the form of the interspecific relationship between abundance and body size in animals. Journal of Animal Ecology 66:233-249.
7. Blackburn, T. M., S. Gates, J. H. Lawton, and J. J. D. Greenwood. 1994. Relations between body size, abundance and taxonomy of birds wintering in Britain and Ireland. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences 343:135-144.
8. Blackburn, T. M.. J. H. Lawton, and J. N. Perry. 1992. A method of estimating the slope of the upper bounds of plots of body size and abundance in natural animal assemblages. Oikos 65:107-112.
9. Burbidge, A. A., and N. L. McKenzie. 1989. Patterns in the modern decline of Western Australia's vertebrate fauna: causes and conservation implications. Biological Conservation 50:143-198.
10. Caughley, G. 1994. Directions in conservation biology. Journal of Animal Ecology 63:215-244.
11. Chesson, P. 1991. Stochastic population models. Pages 123-143 in J. Kolasa and S. T. A. Pickett, editors. Ecological heterogeneity. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
12. Cotgreave, P. 1993. The relationship between body size and population abundance in animals. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8:244-248.
13. Cyr, H., J. A. Downing, and R. H. Peters. 1997. Density-body size relationships in local aquatic communities. Oikos 79:333-346.
14. Davies, K. F., and C. R. Margules. 1998. Effects of habitat fragmentation on carabid beetles: experimental evidence. Journal of Animal Ecology 67:460-471.
15. Day, R. W., and G. P. Quinn. 1989. Comparisons of treatments after an analysis of variance in ecology. Ecological Monographs 59:433-463.
16. Diamond, J. M., K. D. Bishop, and S. van Balen. 1987. Bird survival in an isolated Javan woodland: island or mirror? Conservation Biology 1:132-142.
17. Didham, R. K., P. M. Hammond, J. H. Lawton, P. Eggleton, and N. E. Stork. 1998. Beetle species responses to tropical forest fragmentation. Ecological Monographs 68:295-323.
18. Diffendorfer, J. E., M. S. Gaines, and R. D. Holt. 1995. Habitat fragmentation and movements of three small mammals (Sigmodon, Microtus, and Peromyscus). Ecology 76:827-839.
19. Dooley, J. L., and M. A. Bowers. 1998. Demographic responses to habitat fragmentation: experimental tests at the landscape and patch scale. Ecology 79:969-980.
20. Gard, T. C. 1984. Persistence in food webs. Pages 208-219 in S. A. Levin and T. G. Hallam, editors. Mathematical ecology. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
21. Gaston, K. J., and T. M. Blackburn. 1995. Birds, body size and the threat of extinction. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences 347:205-212.
22. Gaston, K. J., and T. M. Blackburn. 1996a. Conservation implications of geographic range size-body size relationships. Conservation Biology 10:638-646.
23. Gaston, K. J., and T. M. Blackburn. 1996b. Global scale macroecology - interactions between population size, geographic range size and body size in the Anseriformes. Journal of Animal Ecology 65:701-714.
24. Gaston, K. J., and T. M. Blackburn. 1996c. Range size-body size relationships: evidence of scale dependence. Oikos 75: 479-485.
25. Gaston, K. J., and T. M. Blackburn. 1996d. Rarity and body size: importance of generality. Conservation Biology 10: 1295-1298.
26. Goodman, D. 1987. The demography of chance extinctions. Pages 11-34 in M. E. Soulé, editor. Viable populations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
27. Hanski, I. 1991. Single-species metapopulation dynamics: concepts, models and observations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 42:17-38.
28. Hanski, I. 1994. Patch-occupancy dynamics in fragmented landscapes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9:131-135.
29. Hanski, I., M. Kuussaari, and M. Nieminen. 1994. Metapopulation structure and migration in the butterfly Meliteae cinxia. Ecology 75:747-762.
30. Holt, R. D. 1996. Food webs in space: an island biogeographic perspective. Pages 313-323 in G. A. Polis and K. O. Winemiller, editors. Food webs: integration of patterns and dynamics. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
31. Ingham, D. S., and M. J. Samways. 1996. Application of fragmentation and variegation models to epigaeic invertebrates in South Africa. Conservation Biology 10:1353-1358.
32. Jablonski, D. 1987. Heritability at the species level: analysis of geographic ranges of Cretaceous molluscs. Science 238: 360-363.
33. Klein, B. C. 1989. Effects of forest fragmentation on dung and carrion beetle communities in central Amazonia. Ecology 70:1715-1725.
34. Kunin, W. E., and K. J. Gaston. 1993. The biology of rarity: patterns, causes and consequences. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8:289-301.
35. Laurance, W. F. 1991. Ecological correlates of extinction proneness in Australian tropical rain forest mammals. Conservation Biology 5:79-89.
36. Lawler, S. P. 1993. Species richness, species composition and population dynamics of protists in experimental microcosms. Journal of Animal Ecology 62:711-719.
37. Lawton, J. H. 1994. Population dynamic principles. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences 344:61-68.
38. Lawton, J. H. 1995. Population dynamics principles. Pages 147-163 in J. H. Lawton and R. M. May, editors. Extinction rates. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
39. Leigh, E. G. 1981. The average lifetime of a population in a varying environment. Journal of Theoretical Biology 90: 213-239.
40. Levins, R. 1969. Some demographic and genetic consequences of environmental heterogeneity for biological control. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 15:237-240.
41. Lovejoy, T. E., R. O. Bierregaard, A. B. Rylands, J. R. Malcolm, C. E. Quintela, L. H. Harper, K. S. Brown, A. H. Powell, G. V. N. Powell, H. O. R. Schubart, and M. B. Hays. 1986. Edge and other effects of isolation on Amazon forest fragments. Pages 257-285 in M. E. Soulé, editor. Conservation biology: The science of scarcity and diversity. Sinauer, Sunderland. Massachusetts, USA.
42. Lovejoy, T. E., J. M. Rankin, R. O. Bierregaard, K. S. Brown, L. H. Emmons, and M. E. van der Voort. 1984. Ecosystem decay of Amazon forest remnants. Pages 295-325 in M. H. Nitecki, editor. Extinctions University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
43. MacArthur, R. H., and E. O. Wilson. 1967. The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
44. Margules, C. R. 1993. The Wog Wog habitat fragmentation experiment. Environmental Conservation 19:316-325.
45. Margules, C. R., K. F. Davies, J. A. Meyers, and G. A. Milkovits. 1995. The responses of some selected arthropods and the frog Crinia signifera to habitat fragmentation. Pages 94-103 in R. A. Bradstock, T. D. Auld, D. A. Keith, R. T. Kingsford, D. Lunney, and D. P. Sivertsen, editors. Conserving biodiversity: Threats and solutions. Surrey Beatty, Chipping Norton, Australia.
46. Margules, C. R., G. A. Milkovits, and G. T. Smith. 1994. Contrasting effects of habitat fragmentation on the scorpion Cercophonius squama and amphipod, Arcitalitrus sylvaticus. Ecology 75:2033-2042.
47. McArdle, B., and K. J. Gaston. 1993. The temporal variability of populations. Oikos 67:187-191.
48. McCullagh, P., and J. Nelder. 1989. Generalized linear models. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
49. Mikkelson, G. M. 1993. How do food webs fall apart? A study of changes in trophic structure during relaxation on habitat fragments. Oikos 67:539-547.
50. Mills, L. S. 1995. Edge effects and isolation: red-backed voles on forest remnants. Conservation Biology 9:395-403.
51. Navarrete, S. A., and B. A. Menge. 1997. The body size-population density relationship in tropical rocky intertidal communities. Ecological Monographs 66:557-566.
52. Patterson, B. D. 1984. Mammalian extinctions and biogeography in the Southern Rocky Mountains. Pages 247-293 in M. Nitecki, editor. Extinctions. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
53. Pimm, S. L. 1991. The balance of nature? University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
54. Pimm, S. L., H. L. Jones, and J. Diamond. 1988. On the risk of extinction. American Naturalist 132:757-785.
55. Pimm, S. L., and J. H. Lawton. 1977. Number of trophic levels in ecological communities. Nature 268:329-331.
56. Ricklefs, R. E., and R. E. Latham. 1992. Intercontinental correlation of geographic ranges suggests stasis in ecological traits of relict genera of temperate perennial herbs. American Naturalist 139:1305-1321.
57. Robinson, G. R., R. D. Holt, M. S. Gaines, S. P. Hamburg, M. L. Johnson, H. S. Fitch, and E. A. Martinko. 1992. Diverse and contrasting effects of habitat fragmentation. Science 257:524-526.
58. Robinson, G. R., and J. F. Quinn. 1988. Extinction, turnover and species diversity in an experimentally fragmented Californian annual grassland. Oecologia 76:71-82.
59. Rosenweig, M. L., and C. W. Clark. 1994. Island extinction rates from regular censuses. Conservation Biology 8:491-494.
60. Sarre, S., G. T. Smith, and J. A. Meyers. 1995. Persistence of two species of gecko (Oedura reticulata and Gehyra variegata) in remnant habitat. Biological Conservation 71: 25-33.
61. Saunders, D. A., R. J. Hobbs, and C. R. Margules. 1991. Biological consequences of ecosystem fragmentation: a review. Conservation Biology 5:18-32.
62. Schoener, T. W., and D. A. Spiller. 1992. Is extinction rate related to temporal variability in population size? An empirical answer for orb spiders. American Naturalist 139: 1176-1207.
63. Simberloff, D. 1986. The proximate causes of extinction. Pages 259-276 in D. M. Raup and D. Jablonski, editors. Patterns and processes in the history of life. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
64. Soulé, M. E., D. T. Bolger, A. C. Alberts, R. S. Sauvajot, J. Wright, M. Sorice, and S. Hill. 1988. Reconstructed dynamics of rapid extinctions of chaparral-requiring birds in urban habitat islands. Conservation Biology 2:75-92.
65. Stouffer, P. C., and R. O. Bierregaard. 1995a. Effects of forest fragmentation on understorey hummingbirds in Amazonian Brazil. Conservation Biology 9:1085-1094.
66. Stouffer, P. C., and R. O. Bierregaard. 1995b. Use of Amazonian forest fragments by understorey insectivorous birds. Ecology 76:2429-2445.
67. Terborgh, J., and B. Winter. 1980. Some causes of extinction. Pages 119-134 in M. E. Soulé and B. A. Wilcox, editors. Conservation biology: an evolutionary-ecological perspective. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
68. Tilman, D., R. M. May, C. L. Lehman, and M. A. Nowak. 1994. Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371:65-66.
69. Tracy, C. R., and T. L. George. 1992. On the determinants of extinction. American Naturalist 139:102-122.