Differential effects of competition or microenvironment on boreal tree seedling establishment after fire

Ecology

Volumn 81, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 1086-1099

  Cater, Timothy C ^a,b   Chapin III, F Stuart ^b  

^a ABR Inc   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

Author keywords

Alaska; Bonanza Creek LTER; Boreal forest; Competition; Fire; Microenvironment; Succession; Tree seedling establishment; Understory vegetation

Indexed keywords

BOREAL FOREST; FOREST FIRE; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; MICROHABITAT; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SUCCESSION;

ALASKA; UNITED STATES;

BETULA PAPYRIFERA; CALAMAGROSTIS CANADENSIS; EQUISETUM; EQUISETUM ARVENSE; PICEA; PICEA GLAUCA; POPULUS TREMULOIDES;

EID: 0033938892     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[1086:DEOCOM]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Barney, R. J. 1971. Wildfires in Alaska - some historical and projected effects and aspects. Pages 51-59 in C. W. Slaughter, R. J. Barney, and G. M. Hansen, editors. Fire in the northern environment - a symposium. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon, USA.
2. Barney, R. J., and E. R. Berglund. 1973. Summary of climatic data for the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest, Interior Alaska. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Research Note No. PNW-201.
3. Callaway, R. M. 1995. Positive interactions among plants. Botanical Review 61:306-349.
4. Carter, G. A., J. H. Miller, D. E. Davis, and R. M. Patterson. 1984. Effect of vegetative competition on the moisture and nutrient status of loblolly pine. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 14:1-9.
5. Chapin, F. S., III, and P. R. Tryon. 1982. Phosphate absorption and root respiration of different plant growth forms from northern Alaska. Holarctic Ecology 5:164-171.
6. Chapin, F. S., III, and P. R. Tryon. 1983. Habitat and leaf habitat as determinants of growth, nutrient absorption, and nutrient use by Alaskan taiga forest species. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 13:818-826.
7. Chapin, F. S., III, L. R. Walker, C. L. Fastie, and L. C. Sharman. 1994. Mechanisms of primary succession following deglaciation at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecological Monographs 64:149-175.
8. Clements, F. E. 1916. Plant succession: an analysis of the development of vegetation. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 242, Washington, D. C., USA.
9. Connell, J. H. 1990. Apparent vs. "real" competition in plants. Pages 9-26 in J. B. Grace and D. Tilman, editors. Perspectives in plant competition. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA.
10. Connell, J. H., and R. O. Slatyer. 1977. Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their role in community stability and organization. American Naturalist 111:1119-1114.
11. Conover, W. J., and R. L. Iman. 1981. Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparametric statistics. American Statistician 35:124-132.
12. Cook, M. G., and L. T. Evans. 1983. Some physiological aspects of the domestication and improvement of rice (Oryza spp.). Field Crops Research 6:219-238.
13. Day, R. W., and G. P. Quinn. 1989. Comparisons of treatments after an analysis of variance in ecology. Ecological Monographs 59:467-468.
14. Dobbs, R. C. 1972. Regeneration of white and Engelmann spruce: a literature review with special reference to the British Columbia interior. Canadian Department of the Environment, Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific Forestry Research Centre, Information Report BC-X-69.
15. Eis, S. 1981. Effect of vegetation competition on regeneration of white spruce. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 11: 1-8.
16. Foote, M. J., and L. A. Viereck. 1985. Burn severity: its impact on natural revegetation following the Rosie Creek fire. Pages 26-29 in G. P. Juday and C. T. Dyrness, editors. Early results of the Rosie Creek fire research project. University of Alaska Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
17. Gartner, B. L., F. S. Chapin III, and G. R. Shaver. 1986. Reproduction of Eriophorum vaginatum by seed in Alaskan tussock tundra. Journal of Ecology 74:1-18.
18. Goldberg, D. E. 1987. Neighborhood competition in an old-field plant community. Ecology 68:1211-1223.
19. Goldberg, D. E., and A. E. Barton. 1992. Patterns and consequences of interspecific competition in natural communities: a review of field experiments with plants. American Naturalist 139:771-801.
20. Goldberg, D. E., and P. A. Werner. 1983. Equivalence of competitors in plant communities: a null hypothesis and a field experimental approach. American Journal of Botany 70:1098-1104.
21. Gurevitch, J. 1986. Competition and the local distribution of the grass Stipa neomexican. Ecology 67:46-57.
22. Gurevitch, J., L. L. Morrow, A. Wallace, and J. S. Walsh. 1992. A meta-analysis of competition in field experiments. American Naturalist 140:539-572.
23. Harcombe, P. A. 1977. The influences of fertilizers on some aspects of succession in a humid tropical forest. Ecology 58:1375-1383.
24. Harrison, J. S., and P. A. Werner. 1984. Colonization of oak seedlings into a heterogeneous successional habitat. Canadian Journal of Botany 62:559-563.
25. Hobbie, S. E. 1992. Effects of plant species on nutrient cycling. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 7:336-339.
26. Hogg, E. H., and V. J. Lieffers. 1991. The impact of Calamagrostis canadensis on soil thermal regimes after logging in northern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21:382-394.
27. Huston, M., and T. Smith. 1987. Plant succession: life history and competition. American Naturalist 130:168-198.
28. Johnson, E. A. 1979. Fire recurrence in the subarctic and its implications for vegetation composition. Canadian Journal of Botany 57:1374-1379.
29. Johnson, E. A., and G. I. Fryer. 1989. Population dynamics in lodgepole pine-engelmann spruce forests. Ecology 70: 1335-1345.
30. Juday, G. P. 1985. Preface: The Rosie Creek fire and its research opportunities. Pages vii-ix in G. P. Juday and C. T. Dyrness, editors. Early results of the Rosie Creek fire research project 1984. University of Alaska Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
31. Larsen, C. P. S. 1997. Spatial and temporal variations in boreal forest lire frequency in northern Alberta. Journal of Biogeography 24:663-673.
32. Lawrence, W. T., and W. C. Oechel. 1983. Effects of soil temperature on carbon exchange of taiga seedlings. II. Photosynthesis, respiration, and conductance. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 13:850-859.
33. Liefers, V., and K. J. Stadt. 1994. Growth of understory Picea glaucu, Calamagrostis canadensis, and Epilobium angustifoliuin in relation to overstory light transmission. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42:1193-1198.
34. Maguire, D. A., and R. T. T. Forman. 1983. Herb cover effects on tree seedling patterns in a mature hemlock-hardwood forest. Ecology 64:1367-1380.
35. McQuilkin, W. E. 1940. The natural establishment of pine in abandoned fields in the Piedmont Plateau region. Ecology 21:135-147.
36. Miller, T. E., and P. A. Werner. 1987. Competitive effects and responses between plant species in a first-year old-field community. Ecology 68:1201-1210.
37. Neu, C. W., C. R. Byers, and J. M. Peek. 1974. A technique for analysis of utilization-availability data. Journal of Wildlife Management 38:541-545.
38. Niering, W. A., and F. E. Egler. 1955. A shrub community of Viburnum lentago, stable for twenty-five years. Ecology 36:356-360.
39. Niering, W. A., and R. H. Goodwin. 1974. Creation of relatively stable shrublands with herbicides: arresting "succession" on rights-of-way and pastureland. Ecology 55: 784-795.
40. Peet, R. K., and N. L. Christensen. 1980. Succession: a population process. Vegetatio 43:131-140.
41. Pickett, S. T. A., S. L. Collins, and J. J. Armesto. 1987. A hierarchical consideration of causes and mechanisms of succession. Vegetatio 69:109-114.
42. Putnam, W. E. 1985. Direct seeding techniques for regenerating while spruce in interior Alaska. Thesis. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
43. Putnam, W. E., and J. C. Zasada. 1986. Direct seeding techniques to regenerate white spruce in interior Alaska. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16:660-664.
44. Pyšek, P. 1993. What do we know about Calamagrostis villosa? A review of the species behavior in secondary habitats. Preslia, Praha 65:1-20.
45. SPSS. 1995. SPSS/PC + V7.0 base and advanced statistics. SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
46. Tilman, D. 1988. Plant strategies and the dynamics and structure of plant communities. Monographs in population biology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
47. Tilman, D. 1990. Constraints and tradeoffs: toward a predictive theory of competition and succession. Oikos 58:3-15.
48. Uchino, F., T. Hiyoshi, and M. Yatazawa. 1984. Nitrogen fixing activities associated wilh rhizomes and roots of Equisetum species. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 16:663-667.
49. Van Cleve, K., F. S. Chapin, III, C. T. Dyrness, and L. A. Viereck. 1991. State factor control of element cycling in Alaskan taiga forests. BioScience 41:78-99.
50. Van Cleve, K., C. T. Dyrness, L. A. Viereck, J. Fox, F. S. Chapin, III, and W. Oechel. 1983. Taiga ecosystems in interior Alaska. BioScience 33:39-44.
51. Van Cleve, K., and L. A. Viereck. 1981. Forest succession in relation to nutrient cycling in the boreal forest of Alaska. Pages 185-210 in D. C. West, H. H. Shugart, and D. B. Botkin, editors. Forest succession: concepts and application. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
52. Van Cleve, K., and L. A. Viereck. 1983. A comparison of successional sequences following fire on permafrost-dominated and permafrost-free sites in interior Alaska. Pages 1286-1291 in Permafrost: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference. National Academy Press, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA.
53. Van Cleve, K., and J. Yarie. 1986. Interaction of temperature, moisture, and soil chemistry in controlling nutrient cycling and ecosystem development in the taiga of Alaska. Ecological Studies 57:160-169.
54. Van Hulst, R. 1979. On the dynamics of vegetation: succession in model communities. Vegetatio 39:85-96.
55. Viereck, L. A. 1973. Wildfire in the taiga of Alaska. Quaternary Research 3:465-495.
56. Viereck, L. A., and M. J. Foote. 1985. Effects of the Rosie Creek Fire on selected environmental factors in the Bonanza Creek. Pages 30-33 in G. P. Juday and C. T. Dyrness, editors. Early results of the Rosie Creek fire research project. University of Alaska Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
57. Viereck, L. A., and L. A. Schandelmeier. 1980. Effects of fire in Alaska and adjacent Canada - a literature review. U.S.D.I., Bureau of Land Management, BLM. Alaska Technical Report Number 6.
58. Waldron, R. M. 1966. Factors affecting natural white spruce regeneration on prepared seedbeds at the Riding Mountain Forest Experimental Area, Manitoba. Canada Department of Forestry and Rural Development, Forestry Branch Departmental Publication Number 1169.
59. Walker, L. R., and F. S. Chapin, III. 1986. Physiological controls over seedling growth in primary succession on an Alaskan floodplain. Ecology 67:1508-1523.
60. Walker, L. R., J. C. Zasada, and F. S. Chapin, III. 1986. The role of life history processes in primary succession on an Alaskan floodplain. Ecology 67:1243-1253.
61. Webb, L. J., J. G. Tracey, and W. T. Williams. 1972. Regeneration and pattern in the subtropical rainforest. Journal of Ecology 6:675-695.
62. White, P. S. 1979. Pattern, process, and natural disturbance in vegetation. Botanical Review 45:229-299.
63. Wilde, S. A., B. H. Shaw, and A. W. Fedkenheur. 1968. Weeds as a factor depressing forest growth. Weed Research 8:196-204.
64. Wilson, J. B. 1989. Root competition between three upland grasses. Functional Ecology 3:447-451.
65. Wilson, J. B., and D. Q. Agnew. 1992. Positive-feedback switches in plant communities. Advances in Ecological Research 23:263-336.
66. Wolff, J. O. 1980. The role of habitat patchiness in the population dynamics of snowshoe hares. Ecological Monographs 50:111-129.
67. Wootton, J. T. 1994. Putting the pieces together: testing the independence of interactions among organisms. Ecology 75:1544-1551.
68. Wurtz, T. L. 1988. Effects of the microsite on the growth of planted white spruce seedlings. Dissertation, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
69. Yarie, J. 1981. Forest fire cycles and life tables: a case study from interior Alaska. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 11:554-562.
70. Zar, J. H. 1984. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA.
71. Zasada, J. C. 1985. Production, dispersal, and germination of white spruce and paper birch and first-year seedling establishment after the Rosie Creek fire. Pages 34-37 in G. P. Juday and C. T. Dyrness, editors. Early results of the Rosie Creek fire research project. University of Alaska Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
72. Zasada, J. C., and R. A. Gregory. 1969. Regeneration of white spruce with reference to interior Alaska: a literature review. U.S.D.A. Forest Service Research Paper PNW-79. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon, USA.