메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 222, Issue 1-4, 2000, Pages 89-111

The ecology and evolution of visual pollen signals

Author keywords

Colour pattern; Floral guide; Pollen; Pollen colour; Pollen pigment; UV pattern

Indexed keywords

MAGNOLIOPHYTA;

EID: 0033938878     PISSN: 03782697     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF00984097     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (173)

References (136)
  • 1
    • 0030427795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population size, pollinator limitation, and seed set in the self-incompatible herb Lythrum salicaria
    • Ågren J. (1996) Population size, pollinator limitation, and seed set in the self-incompatible herb Lythrum salicaria. Ecology 77: 1779-1790.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 1779-1790
    • Ågren, J.1
  • 2
    • 0029666873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure and morph-specific fitness differences in tristylous Lythrum salicaria
    • Ågren J., Ericson L. (1996) Population structure and morph-specific fitness differences in tristylous Lythrum salicaria. Evolution 50: 126-139.
    • (1996) Evolution , vol.50 , pp. 126-139
    • Ågren, J.1    Ericson, L.2
  • 3
    • 0026314479 scopus 로고
    • Pollination by deceit in a neotropical monoecious herb, Begonia involucrata
    • Ågren J., Schemske D.W. (1991) Pollination by deceit in a neotropical monoecious herb, Begonia involucrata. Biotropica 23: 235-241.
    • (1991) Biotropica , vol.23 , pp. 235-241
    • Ågren, J.1    Schemske, D.W.2
  • 4
    • 0343278371 scopus 로고
    • Sonnenlicht und biogenese
    • Asbeck F. (1954) Sonnenlicht und Biogenese. Strahlentherapie 93: 602-609.
    • (1954) Strahlentherapie , vol.93 , pp. 602-609
    • Asbeck, F.1
  • 5
    • 0343714012 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and biochemistry of pollens
    • Barbier M. (1970) Chemistry and biochemistry of pollens. Progr. Phytochem. 2: 1-34.
    • (1970) Progr. Phytochem. , vol.2 , pp. 1-34
    • Barbier, M.1
  • 6
    • 0022239431 scopus 로고
    • Floral trimorphism and monomorphism in continental and island populations of Eichhornia paniculata (Spreng.) Solms. (Pontederiaceae)
    • Barrett S.C.H. (1985) Floral trimorphism and monomorphism in continental and island populations of Eichhornia paniculata (Spreng.) Solms. (Pontederiaceae). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 25: 41-60.
    • (1985) Biol. J. Linn. Soc. , vol.25 , pp. 41-60
    • Barrett, S.C.H.1
  • 8
    • 0003348227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anther adaptation in animal pollination
    • D'Arcy W.G., Keating R.C. (eds.) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Bernhardt P. (1996) Anther adaptation in animal pollination. In: D'Arcy W.G., Keating R.C. (eds.) The Anther. Form, function and phylogeny. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 192-220.
    • (1996) The Anther. Form, Function and Phylogeny , pp. 192-220
    • Bernhardt, P.1
  • 10
    • 0142053735 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen der ultraviolettreflexion von angiospermenblüten I. Trop. Subtrop
    • Biedinger N., Barthlott W. (1993) Untersuchungen der Ultraviolettreflexion von Angiospermenblüten I. Trop. subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 86: 1-122.
    • (1993) Pflanzenwelt , vol.86 , pp. 1-122
    • Biedinger, N.1    Barthlott, W.2
  • 11
    • 0020376116 scopus 로고
    • The pollination biology of Calypso bulbosa var. americana (Orchidaceae) initial deception of bumblebee visitors
    • Boyden T.C. (1982) The pollination biology of Calypso bulbosa var. americana (Orchidaceae) initial deception of bumblebee visitors. Oecologia 55: 178-184.
    • (1982) Oecologia , vol.55 , pp. 178-184
    • Boyden, T.C.1
  • 13
    • 0004259799 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen zur ultraviolettreflexion von angiospermenblüten II. Magnoliidae, ranunculidae, hamamelididae, caryophyllidae, Rosidae. Trop. Subtrop
    • Burr B., Barthlott W. (1993) Untersuchungen zur Ultraviolettreflexion von Angiospermenblüten II. Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Hamamelididae, Caryophyllidae, Rosidae. Trop. subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 86: 1-193.
    • (1993) Pflanzenwelt , vol.86 , pp. 1-193
    • Burr, B.1    Barthlott, W.2
  • 14
    • 0343237065 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen zur ultraviolettreflexion von angiospermenblüten III. Dilleniidae und asteridae s.l.. Trop. Subtrop
    • Burr B., Rosen D., Barthlott W. (1995) Untersuchungen zur Ultraviolettreflexion von Angiospermenblüten III. Dilleniidae und Asteridae s.l.. Trop. subtrop. Pflanzenwelt 93: 1-185.
    • (1995) Pflanzenwelt , vol.93 , pp. 1-185
    • Burr, B.1    Rosen, D.2    Barthlott, W.3
  • 15
    • 0006270467 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive role of sterile pollen in cryptically dioecious species of flowering plants
    • Cane J.H. (1993) Reproductive role of sterile pollen in cryptically dioecious species of flowering plants. Curr. Sci. 65: 223-225.
    • (1993) Curr. Sci. , vol.65 , pp. 223-225
    • Cane, J.H.1
  • 17
    • 0029932710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does bee color vision predate the evolution of flower color?
    • Chittka L. (1996) Does bee color vision predate the evolution of flower color? Naturwissenschaften 83: 136-138.
    • (1996) Naturwissenschaften , vol.83 , pp. 136-138
    • Chittka, L.1
  • 18
    • 0028298102 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet as a component of flower color reflections, and the colour perception of Hymenoptera
    • Chittka L., Shmida A., Troje N., Menzel R. (1994) Ultraviolet as a component of flower color reflections, and the colour perception of Hymenoptera. Vision Res. 34: 1489-1508.
    • (1994) Vision Res. , vol.34 , pp. 1489-1508
    • Chittka, L.1    Shmida, A.2    Troje, N.3    Menzel, R.4
  • 19
    • 0030809945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why red flowers are not invisible to bees
    • Chittka L., Waser N.M. (1997) Why red flowers are not invisible to bees. Israel J. Pl. Sci. 45: 169-183.
    • (1997) Israel J. Pl. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 169-183
    • Chittka, L.1    Waser, N.M.2
  • 20
    • 0012586950 scopus 로고
    • Pattern analysis in pseudanthia
    • Classen-Bockhoff R. (1990) Pattern analysis in pseudanthia. Plant Syst. Evol. 171: 57-88.
    • (1990) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.171 , pp. 57-88
    • Classen-Bockhoff, R.1
  • 21
    • 0005671949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional units beyond the level of the capitulum and cypsela in Compositae
    • Caligari P.D.S., Hind D.J.N. (eds.) Compositae: Biology & Utilization (D.J.N. Hind, Editor-in-Chief), Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
    • Classen-Bockhoff R. (1996) Functional units beyond the level of the capitulum and cypsela in Compositae. In: Caligari P.D.S., Hind D.J.N. (eds.) Compositae: Biology & Utilization. Proceedings of the International Compositae Conference, Kew, 1994. (D.J.N. Hind, Editor-in-Chief), vol. 2, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 129-160.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the International Compositae Conference, Kew, 1994 , vol.2 , pp. 129-160
    • Classen-Bockhoff, R.1
  • 22
    • 0000633209 scopus 로고
    • The flower biology of Cephalanthera longifolia (Orchidaceae) - Pollen imitation and facultative floral mimicry
    • Dafni A., Ivri Y. (1981) The flower biology of Cephalanthera longifolia (Orchidaceae) - pollen imitation and facultative floral mimicry. Plant Syst. Evol. 137: 229-240.
    • (1981) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.137 , pp. 229-240
    • Dafni, A.1    Ivri, Y.2
  • 23
    • 0030468657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floral symmetry and nectar guides: Ontogenetic constraints from floral development, colour pattern rules and functional significance
    • Dafni A., Kevan P.G. (1996) Floral symmetry and nectar guides: ontogenetic constraints from floral development, colour pattern rules and functional significance. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 120: 371-377.
    • (1996) Bot. J. Linn. Soc. , vol.120 , pp. 371-377
    • Dafni, A.1    Kevan, P.G.2
  • 24
    • 0003939071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nectar guides and insect pattern recognition - A reconsideration
    • Dafni A., Giurfa M. (1998) Nectar guides and insect pattern recognition - a reconsideration. Anais do Encontro sobre Abelhas 3: 55-66.
    • (1998) Anais do Encontro Sobre Abelhas , vol.3 , pp. 55-66
    • Dafni, A.1    Giurfa, M.2
  • 25
    • 0002235746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The functional ecology of floral guides in relation to insects behaviour and vision
    • Wasser S.P. (ed.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands
    • Dafni A., Giurfa M. (1999) The functional ecology of floral guides in relation to insects behaviour and vision. In: Wasser S.P. (ed.) Evolutionary Theory and Processes: Modern Perspectives, Papers in Honour of Eviatar Nevo. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands pp. 363-383.
    • (1999) Evolutionary Theory and Processes: Modern Perspectives, Papers in Honour of Eviatar Nevo , pp. 363-383
    • Dafni, A.1    Giurfa, M.2
  • 27
    • 0342408641 scopus 로고
    • Ch. Darwin's gesammelte Werke. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 3. Abt.
    • Darwin C. (1877) Die verschiedenen Blüthenformen an Pflanzen der namlichen Art. In: Ch. Darwin's gesammelte Werke. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, Bd. 9, 3. Abt.: 119-163.
    • (1877) Die Verschiedenen Blüthenformen An Pflanzen der Namlichen Art. , vol.9 , pp. 119-163
    • Darwin, C.1
  • 28
    • 0002330798 scopus 로고
    • Blumenfarben wie sie die bienen sehen
    • Daumer K. (1958) Blumenfarben wie sie die Bienen sehen. Z. Vergl. Physiol. 41: 49-110.
    • (1958) Z. Vergl. Physiol. , vol.41 , pp. 49-110
    • Daumer, K.1
  • 29
    • 0024228649 scopus 로고
    • Survey of pollen and pollenkitt lipids - Chemical cues to flower visitors?
    • Dobson H.E.M. (1988) Survey of pollen and pollenkitt lipids - chemical cues to flower visitors? Amer. J. Bot. 75 170-182.
    • (1988) Amer. J. Bot. , vol.75 , pp. 170-182
    • Dobson, H.E.M.1
  • 30
    • 0003034324 scopus 로고
    • Pollenkitt in plant reproduction
    • Bock J.H., Linhart Y.B. (eds.) Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado
    • Dobson H.E.M. (1989) Pollenkitt in plant reproduction. In: Bock J.H., Linhart Y.B. (eds.) The evolutionary ecology of plants. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, pp. 227-246.
    • (1989) The Evolutionary Ecology of Plants , pp. 227-246
    • Dobson, H.E.M.1
  • 31
    • 0343278358 scopus 로고
    • Dark pollinia in humming-bird-pollinated orchids or do hummingbirds suffer from strabismus?
    • Dressler R.L. (1971) Dark pollinia in humming-bird-pollinated orchids or do hummingbirds suffer from strabismus? Am. Nat. 105: 80-83.
    • (1971) Am. Nat. , vol.105 , pp. 80-83
    • Dressler, R.L.1
  • 32
    • 0023527565 scopus 로고
    • Foraging behavior of three bee species in a natural mimicry system: Female flowers which mimic male flowers in Ecballium elaterium (Cucurbitaceae)
    • Dukas R. (1987) Foraging behavior of three bee species in a natural mimicry system: female flowers which mimic male flowers in Ecballium elaterium (Cucurbitaceae). Oecologia 74: 256-263.
    • (1987) Oecologia , vol.74 , pp. 256-263
    • Dukas, R.1
  • 33
    • 0002042504 scopus 로고
    • Floral polymorphisms and their functional significance in the heterostylous syndrome
    • Barrett S.C.H. (ed.) Springer, Berlin
    • Dulberger R. (1992) Floral polymorphisms and their functional significance in the heterostylous syndrome. In: Barrett S.C.H. (ed.) Evolution and function of heterostyly. Springer, Berlin, pp. 41-84.
    • (1992) Evolution and Function of Heterostyly , pp. 41-84
    • Dulberger, R.1
  • 34
    • 0002556706 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of reproductive structures and functions in primitive angiosperms (Magnoliidae)
    • Endress P.K. (1990) Evolution of reproductive structures and functions in primitive angiosperms (Magnoliidae). Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 55: 5-34.
    • (1990) Mem. N.y. Bot. Gard. , vol.55 , pp. 5-34
    • Endress, P.K.1
  • 35
    • 0029186830 scopus 로고
    • Portioned pollen release and the syndromes of secondary pollen presentation in the Campanulales-Asterales-complex
    • Erbar C., Leins P. (1995) Portioned pollen release and the syndromes of secondary pollen presentation in the Campanulales-Asterales-complex. Flora 190: 323-338.
    • (1995) Flora , vol.190 , pp. 323-338
    • Erbar, C.1    Leins, P.2
  • 36
    • 0001085505 scopus 로고
    • Pollen amino acids - An additional diet for a nectar feeding butterfly?
    • Erhardt A., Baker I. (1990) Pollen amino acids - an additional diet for a nectar feeding butterfly? Plant Syst. Evol. 169: 111-121.
    • (1990) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.169 , pp. 111-121
    • Erhardt, A.1    Baker, I.2
  • 37
    • 0342408635 scopus 로고
    • Sur les characteres hétérostyliques secondaires des primevères
    • Errera L. (1905) Sur les characteres hétérostyliques secondaires des primevères. Recueil de l'institut botanique Leo Errera 6: 223-255.
    • (1905) Recueil de L'institut Botanique Leo Errera , vol.6 , pp. 223-255
    • Errera, L.1
  • 38
    • 0342408630 scopus 로고
    • Coenzyme, enzyme, wuchsstoffe und reizstoffe in pflanzenorganen. I. Arkiv för kemi
    • Euler H. v., Ahlström L., Högberg B., Pettersson I. (1944) Coenzyme, Enzyme, Wuchsstoffe und Reizstoffe in Pflanzenorganen. I. Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi 19A(4): 1-15.
    • (1944) Mineralogi och Geologi , vol.19 A , Issue.4 , pp. 1-15
    • Euler, H.V.1    Ahlström, L.2    Högberg, B.3    Pettersson, I.4
  • 39
    • 0001907236 scopus 로고
    • Floral attraction and floral hairs in the Commelinaceae
    • Faden R.B. (1992) Floral attraction and floral hairs in the Commelinaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 89: 46-52.
    • (1992) Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. , vol.89 , pp. 46-52
    • Faden, R.B.1
  • 40
    • 0000409595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Types of carbohydrate reserves in pollen: Localization, systematic distribution and ecophysiological significance
    • Franchi G.G., Bellani L., Nepi M., Pacini E. (1996) Types of carbohydrate reserves in pollen: localization, systematic distribution and ecophysiological significance. Flora 191: 143-159.
    • (1996) Flora , vol.191 , pp. 143-159
    • Franchi, G.G.1    Bellani, L.2    Nepi, M.3    Pacini, E.4
  • 41
    • 0342408628 scopus 로고
    • Zur bedeutung von staubgefäßattrappen als signale für die bestäuber. Experimente mit hummeln (Bombus terrestris)
    • Gack C. (1981) Zur Bedeutung von Staubgefäßattrappen als Signale für die Bestäuber. Experimente mit Hummeln (Bombus terrestris). Zool. Jb. Syst. 108: 229-246.
    • (1981) Zool. Jb. Syst. , vol.108 , pp. 229-246
    • Gack, C.1
  • 42
    • 0028914576 scopus 로고
    • Color and angular orientation in the discriminiation of bilateral symmetric patterns in the honeybee
    • Giurfa M., Backhaus W., Menzel R. (1995) Color and angular orientation in the discriminiation of bilateral symmetric patterns in the honeybee. Naturwissenschaften 82: 198-201.
    • (1995) Naturwissenschaften , vol.82 , pp. 198-201
    • Giurfa, M.1    Backhaus, W.2    Menzel, R.3
  • 43
    • 0029812818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symmetry perception in an insect
    • Giurfa M., Eichmann B., Menzel R. (1996) Symmetry perception in an insect. Nature 382: 458-461.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 458-461
    • Giurfa, M.1    Eichmann, B.2    Menzel, R.3
  • 45
    • 0000763178 scopus 로고
    • The reproductive biology of primitive angiosperms
    • Gottsberger G. (1988) The reproductive biology of primitive angiosperms. Taxon 37: 630-643.
    • (1988) Taxon , vol.37 , pp. 630-643
    • Gottsberger, G.1
  • 46
    • 0009893495 scopus 로고
    • Frequency of reflection and absorption of ultraviolet light in flowering plants
    • Guldberg L.D., Atsatt P.R. (1975) Frequency of reflection and absorption of ultraviolet light in flowering plants. Am. Midl. Nat. 93: 35-43.
    • (1975) Am. Midl. Nat. , vol.93 , pp. 35-43
    • Guldberg, L.D.1    Atsatt, P.R.2
  • 47
    • 0005354557 scopus 로고
    • Pollenkorntypen und sektionsgliederung in der gattung Myosotis
    • Grau J., Leins P. (1968) Pollenkorntypen und Sektionsgliederung in der Gattung Myosotis. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 81: 107-115.
    • (1968) Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. , vol.81 , pp. 107-115
    • Grau, J.1    Leins, P.2
  • 50
    • 0002636348 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory analysis of flower constancy in foraging bumblebees: Bombus ternarius and B. Terricola
    • Heinrich B., Mudge P.R., Deringis P.G. (1977) Laboratory analysis of flower constancy in foraging bumblebees: Bombus ternarius and B. terricola. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 2: 247-265.
    • (1977) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.2 , pp. 247-265
    • Heinrich, B.1    Mudge, P.R.2    Deringis, P.G.3
  • 51
    • 0032425947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollen digestion by new world bats: Effects of processing time and feeding habits
    • Herrera M.L.G., del Rio M.C. (1998) Pollen digestion by new world bats: effects of processing time and feeding habits. Ecology 79(8): 2828-2838.
    • (1998) Ecology , vol.79 , Issue.8 , pp. 2828-2838
    • Herrera, M.L.G.1    Del Rio, M.C.2
  • 52
    • 4243280145 scopus 로고
    • Ulmer, Stuttgart
    • Heß D. (1983) Die Blüte. Ulmer, Stuttgart, pp. 312-317.
    • (1983) Die Blüte , pp. 312-317
    • Heß, D.1
  • 53
    • 0010951099 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet reflectance characteristics in flowers of crucifers
    • Horovitz A., Cohen Y. (1972) Ultraviolet reflectance characteristics in flowers of crucifers. Amer. J. Bot. 59: 706-713.
    • (1972) Amer. J. Bot. , vol.59 , pp. 706-713
    • Horovitz, A.1    Cohen, Y.2
  • 54
    • 0031838557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of beeflies to the shape and pattern of model flowers: Implications for floral evolution in a Mediterranean herb
    • Johnson S.D., Dafni A. (1998) Response of beeflies to the shape and pattern of model flowers: implications for floral evolution in a Mediterranean herb. Funct. Ecol. 12: 289-297.
    • (1998) Funct. Ecol. , vol.12 , pp. 289-297
    • Johnson, S.D.1    Dafni, A.2
  • 55
    • 23444434086 scopus 로고
    • Origin of insect pollination
    • Kato M., Inoue T. (1994) Origin of insect pollination. Nature 368: 195.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.368 , pp. 195
    • Kato, M.1    Inoue, T.2
  • 56
    • 0001808338 scopus 로고
    • Floral coloration, its colorimetric analysis and significance in anthecology
    • Richards A.J. (ed.) The Pollination of Flowers by Insects
    • Kevan P.G. (1978) Floral coloration, its colorimetric analysis and significance in anthecology. In: Richards A.J. (ed.) The Pollination of Flowers by Insects. Linnaean Society Symposium No. 6, pp. 51-78.
    • (1978) Linnaean Society Symposium No. 6 , vol.6 , pp. 51-78
    • Kevan, P.G.1
  • 57
    • 0003114891 scopus 로고
    • Floral colours through the insect eye: What they are and what they mean
    • Jones C.E., Little R.J. (eds.) Ch. 1. Van Nostrand and Company, New York
    • Kevan P.G. (1983) Floral colours through the insect eye: What they are and what they mean. In: Jones C.E., Little R.J. (eds.) Handbook of Experimental Pollination Biology ch. 1. Van Nostrand and Company, New York, pp. 3-25.
    • (1983) Handbook of Experimental Pollination Biology , pp. 3-25
    • Kevan, P.G.1
  • 58
    • 0037579740 scopus 로고
    • Pollination: A crucial ecological and mutualistic link in agroforestry and sustainable agriculture
    • Kevan P.G., Clark E.A., Thomas V.G. (1990) Pollination: a crucial ecological and mutualistic link in agroforestry and sustainable agriculture. Proc. ent. Soc. Ont. 121: 43-48.
    • (1990) Proc. Ent. Soc. Ont. , vol.121 , pp. 43-48
    • Kevan, P.G.1    Clark, E.A.2    Thomas, V.G.3
  • 59
    • 0031966776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollen morphology and functional dioecy in Solanum (Solanaceae)
    • Knapp S., Persson V., Blackmore S. (1998) Pollen morphology and functional dioecy in Solanum (Solanaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 210: 113-139.
    • (1998) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.210 , pp. 113-139
    • Knapp, S.1    Persson, V.2    Blackmore, S.3
  • 60
    • 0342843574 scopus 로고
    • Blütenökologische untersuchungen mit hummeln. VII. Die anlockung von "neulingen" durch blüten
    • Kugler H. (1935) Blütenökologische Untersuchungen mit Hummeln. VII. Die Anlockung von "Neulingen" durch Blüten. Planta 23: 692-714.
    • (1935) Planta , vol.23 , pp. 692-714
    • Kugler, H.1
  • 61
    • 0000096159 scopus 로고
    • UV-musterungen auf blüten und ihr zustandekommen
    • Kugler H. (1963) UV-Musterungen auf Blüten und ihr Zustandekommen. Planta 59: 296-329.
    • (1963) Planta , vol.59 , pp. 296-329
    • Kugler, H.1
  • 62
    • 0342367587 scopus 로고
    • UV-male auf blüten
    • Kugler H. (1966) UV-Male auf Blüten. Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges. 79: 57-70.
    • (1966) Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges. , vol.79 , pp. 57-70
    • Kugler, H.1
  • 65
    • 84994997960 scopus 로고
    • On the mechanisms of secondary pollen presentation in the Campanulales-Asterales-complex
    • Leins P., Erbar C. (1990) On the mechanisms of secondary pollen presentation in the Campanulales-Asterales-complex. Bot. Acta 103: 87-92.
    • (1990) Bot. Acta , vol.103 , pp. 87-92
    • Leins, P.1    Erbar, C.2
  • 66
    • 0006626530 scopus 로고
    • Flowers in Magnoliidae and the origin of flowers in other subclasses of the angiosperms. II. The relationships between flowers of Magnoliidae, Dilleniidae, and Caryophyllidae
    • Leins P., Erbar C. (1994) Flowers in Magnoliidae and the origin of flowers in other subclasses of the angiosperms. II. The relationships between flowers of Magnoliidae, Dilleniidae, and Caryophyllidae. Plant Syst. Evol. [Suppl.] 8: 209-218.
    • (1994) Plant Syst. Evol. [Suppl.] , vol.8 , pp. 209-218
    • Leins, P.1    Erbar, C.2
  • 67
    • 0002560135 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive biology of a primitive angiosperm, Pseudowintera colorata (Winteraceae), and the evolution of pollination systems in the Anthophyta
    • Lloyd D.G., Wells M.S. (1992) Reproductive biology of a primitive angiosperm, Pseudowintera colorata (Winteraceae), and the evolution of pollination systems in the Anthophyta. Plant Syst. Evol. 181: 77-95.
    • (1992) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.181 , pp. 77-95
    • Lloyd, D.G.1    Wells, M.S.2
  • 69
    • 0009930541 scopus 로고
    • Angeborenes und erlerntes verhalten beim blütenbesuch von schwebfliegen -attrappenversuche mit Eristalis pertinax (Scopoli) (Diptera, Syrphidae)
    • Lunau K. (1988) Angeborenes und erlerntes Verhalten beim Blütenbesuch von Schwebfliegen -Attrappenversuche mit Eristalis pertinax (Scopoli) (Diptera, Syrphidae). Zool. Jb. Physiol. 92: 487-499.
    • (1988) Zool. Jb. Physiol. , vol.92 , pp. 487-499
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 70
    • 0025002281 scopus 로고
    • Colour saturation triggers innate reactions to flower signals: Flower dummy experiments with bumblebees
    • Lunau K. (1990) Colour saturation triggers innate reactions to flower signals: Flower dummy experiments with bumblebees. J. Comp. Physiol. A 166: 827-834.
    • (1990) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.166 , pp. 827-834
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 71
    • 84990803712 scopus 로고
    • Innate flower recognition in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris, B. Lucorum; Apidae) - Optical signals from stamens as landing reaction releasers
    • Lunau K. (1991) Innate flower recognition in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris, B. lucorum; Apidae) - Optical signals from stamens as landing reaction releasers. Ethology 88: 203-214.
    • (1991) Ethology , vol.88 , pp. 203-214
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 72
    • 0027043664 scopus 로고
    • Innate recognition of flowers by bumble bees - Orientation of antennae to visual stamen signals
    • Lunau K. (1992a) Innate recognition of flowers by bumble bees - orientation of antennae to visual stamen signals. Can. J. Zool. 70: 2139-2144.
    • (1992) Can. J. Zool. , vol.70 , pp. 2139-2144
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 73
    • 0001916258 scopus 로고
    • A new interpretation of flower guide colouration: Absorption of ultraviolet light enhances colour saturation
    • Lunau K. (1992b) A new interpretation of flower guide colouration: absorption of ultraviolet light enhances colour saturation. Plant Syst. Evol. 183: 51-65.
    • (1992) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.183 , pp. 51-65
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 74
    • 0027143658 scopus 로고
    • Interspecific diversity and uniformity of flower colour patterns as cues for learned discrimination and innate detection of flowers
    • Lunau K. (1993) Interspecific diversity and uniformity of flower colour patterns as cues for learned discrimination and innate detection of flowers. Experientia 49: 1002-1010.
    • (1993) Experientia , vol.49 , pp. 1002-1010
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 75
    • 0029189494 scopus 로고
    • Notes on the colour of pollen
    • Lunau K. (1995) Notes on the colour of pollen. Plant Syst. Evol. 198: 235-252.
    • (1995) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.198 , pp. 235-252
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 76
    • 0030318388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signalling function of floral colour patterns for insect flower visitors
    • Lunau K. (1996a) Signalling function of floral colour patterns for insect flower visitors. Zool. Anz. 235: 11-30.
    • (1996) Zool. Anz. , vol.235 , pp. 11-30
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 77
    • 0000239380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unidirectionality of floral colour changes
    • Lunau K. (1996b) Unidirectionality of floral colour changes. Plant Syst. Evol. 200: 125-140.
    • (1996) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.200 , pp. 125-140
    • Lunau, K.1
  • 78
    • 0028873109 scopus 로고
    • Innate colour preferences of flower visitors
    • Lunau K., Maier E.J. (1995) Innate colour preferences of flower visitors. J. Comp. Physiol. A 177: 1-19.
    • (1995) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.177 , pp. 1-19
    • Lunau, K.1    Maier, E.J.2
  • 79
    • 0028052746 scopus 로고
    • Optical releasers of the innate proboscis extension in the hoverfly Eristalis tenax L. (Syrphidae, Diptera)
    • Lunau K., Wacht S. (1994) Optical releasers of the innate proboscis extension in the hoverfly Eristalis tenax L. (Syrphidae, Diptera). J. Comp. Physiol. A. 174: 574-579.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Physiol. A. , vol.174 , pp. 574-579
    • Lunau, K.1    Wacht, S.2
  • 80
    • 0003787364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angeborene blütenerkennung bei der schwebfliege Eristalis tenax L
    • Lunau K., Wacht S. (1997) Angeborene Blütenerkennung bei der Schwebfliege Eristalis tenax L. Mitt. Dtsch. Ges. allg. angew. Ent. 11: 481-484.
    • (1997) Mitt. Dtsch. Ges. Allg. Angew. Ent. , vol.11 , pp. 481-484
    • Lunau, K.1    Wacht, S.2
  • 81
    • 0030039883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colour choices of naive bumble bees and their implications for colour perception
    • Lunau K., Wacht S., Chittka L. (1996) Colour choices of naive bumble bees and their implications for colour perception. J. Comp. Physiol. A 178: 477-489.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.178 , pp. 477-489
    • Lunau, K.1    Wacht, S.2    Chittka, L.3
  • 82
    • 0007373347 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of the floral ecology of Dodecatheon meadia
    • Macior L.W. (1964) An experimental study of the floral ecology of Dodecatheon meadia. Amer. J. Bot. 51: 96-108.
    • (1964) Amer. J. Bot. , vol.51 , pp. 96-108
    • Macior, L.W.1
  • 83
    • 0008274038 scopus 로고
    • The morphology of false anthers in Craterostigma plantagineum and Torenia polygonoides (Scrophulariaceae)
    • Magin N., Classen R., Gack C. (1989) The morphology of false anthers in Craterostigma plantagineum and Torenia polygonoides (Scrophulariaceae). Can. J. Bot. 67: 1931-1937.
    • (1989) Can. J. Bot. , vol.67 , pp. 1931-1937
    • Magin, N.1    Classen, R.2    Gack, C.3
  • 84
    • 0002589441 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of secondary compounds within plants
    • Rosenthal G., Janzen D.H. (eds.) Academic Press, New York
    • McKey D. (1979) The distribution of secondary compounds within plants. In: Rosenthal G., Janzen D.H. (eds.) Herbivores. Academic Press, New York, pp. 56-133.
    • (1979) Herbivores , pp. 56-133
    • McKey, D.1
  • 85
    • 0020836067 scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of learning and memory: the honeybee as a model system
    • Menzel R. (1983) Neurobiology of learning and memory: the honeybee as a model system. Naturwissenschaften 70: 504-511.
    • (1983) Naturwissenschaften , vol.70 , pp. 504-511
    • Menzel, R.1
  • 86
    • 0001944221 scopus 로고
    • Learning in honey bees in an ecological and behavioral context
    • Menzel R. (1985) Learning in honey bees in an ecological and behavioral context. Fortschr. Zool. 31: 55-74.
    • (1985) Fortschr. Zool. , vol.31 , pp. 55-74
    • Menzel, R.1
  • 87
    • 0000529039 scopus 로고
    • Learning and memory in bees
    • Menzel R., Erber J. (1978) Learning and memory in bees. Sci. Am. 239: 80-87.
    • (1978) Sci. Am. , vol.239 , pp. 80-87
    • Menzel, R.1    Erber, J.2
  • 88
    • 0343278311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Will petunias and poppies need sunscreen?
    • Milius S. (1998) Will petunias and poppies need sunscreen? Science News 153: 183.
    • (1998) Science News , vol.153 , pp. 183
    • Milius, S.1
  • 89
    • 0028928195 scopus 로고
    • Bumblebee preference for symmetrical flowers
    • Møller A.P. (1995) Bumblebee preference for symmetrical flowers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 2288-2292.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.92 , pp. 2288-2292
    • Møller, A.P.1
  • 90
    • 0343096788 scopus 로고
    • Intrafloral pollen differentiation in the new world lecythidaceae, subfamily Lecythidoideae
    • Mori S.A., Orchard J.E. (1980) Intrafloral pollen differentiation in the new world Lecythidaceae, subfamily Lecythidoideae. Science 209: 400-403.
    • (1980) Science , vol.209 , pp. 400-403
    • Mori, S.A.1    Orchard, J.E.2
  • 91
    • 0001421921 scopus 로고
    • Color, brightness and other floral characteristics attracting insects to the blossoms of some Canadian weeds
    • Mulligan G.A., Kevan P.G. (1973) Color, brightness and other floral characteristics attracting insects to the blossoms of some Canadian weeds. Can. J. Bot. 51: 1939-1952.
    • (1973) Can. J. Bot. , vol.51 , pp. 1939-1952
    • Mulligan, G.A.1    Kevan, P.G.2
  • 92
    • 0023510688 scopus 로고
    • Cycads and the origin of insect pollination
    • Norstog K. (1987) Cycads and the origin of insect pollination. Am. Sci. 75: 270-279.
    • (1987) Am. Sci. , vol.75 , pp. 270-279
    • Norstog, K.1
  • 93
    • 0027131169 scopus 로고
    • Genetic constraints on the independent evolution of male and female reproductive characters in the tristylous plant Lythrum salicaria
    • O'Neil P., Schmitt J. (1993) Genetic constraints on the independent evolution of male and female reproductive characters in the tristylous plant Lythrum salicaria. Evolution 47: 1457-1471.
    • (1993) Evolution , vol.47 , pp. 1457-1471
    • O'Neil, P.1    Schmitt, J.2
  • 94
    • 0343278305 scopus 로고
    • Variation in the spectral qualities of flowers in the Nymphoides indica complex (Menyanthaceae) and its possible adaptive significance
    • Ornduff R., Mosquin T. (1969) Variation in the spectral qualities of flowers in the Nymphoides indica complex (Menyanthaceae) and its possible adaptive significance. Can. J. Bot. 48: 603-605.
    • (1969) Can. J. Bot. , vol.48 , pp. 603-605
    • Ornduff, R.1    Mosquin, T.2
  • 95
    • 84980184843 scopus 로고
    • Zur evolution optischer signale bei blütenpflanzen
    • Osche G. (1979) Zur Evolution optischer Signale bei Blütenpflanzen. Biologic in unserer Zeit 9: 161-170.
    • (1979) Biologic in Unserer Zeit , vol.9 , pp. 161-170
    • Osche, G.1
  • 97
    • 85019519814 scopus 로고
    • Optische signale in der coevolution von pflanze und tier
    • Osche G. (1983b) Optische Signale in der Coevolution von Pflanze und Tier. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 96: 1-27.
    • (1983) Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. , vol.96 , pp. 1-27
    • Osche, G.1
  • 99
    • 0030444518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Types and meaning of pollen carbohydrate reserves
    • Pacini E. (1996) Types and meaning of pollen carbohydrate reserves. Sex. Plant Reprod. 9: 362-366.
    • (1996) Sex. Plant Reprod. , vol.9 , pp. 362-366
    • Pacini, E.1
  • 100
    • 0031457426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tapetum character states: Analytical keys for tapetum types and activities
    • Pacini E. (1997) Tapetum character states: analytical keys for tapetum types and activities. Can. J. Bot. 75: 1448-1459.
    • (1997) Can. J. Bot. , vol.75 , pp. 1448-1459
    • Pacini, E.1
  • 101
    • 0042031694 scopus 로고
    • Lagerstroemia indica L. Pollen: Form and function
    • Blackmore S., Ferguson I.K. (eds.) Academic Press, London
    • Pacini E., Bellani E.M. (1986) Lagerstroemia indica L. pollen: form and function. In: Blackmore S., Ferguson I.K. (eds.) Pollen and spores, form and function. Academic Press, London, pp. 347-357.
    • (1986) Pollen and Spores, Form and Function , pp. 347-357
    • Pacini, E.1    Bellani, E.M.2
  • 102
    • 0003176616 scopus 로고
    • Role of the tapetum in pollen and spore dispersal
    • Pacini E., Franchi G.G. (1993) Role of the tapetum in pollen and spore dispersal. Plant Syst. Evol. 7: 1-11.
    • (1993) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.7 , pp. 1-11
    • Pacini, E.1    Franchi, G.G.2
  • 103
    • 0032998919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ripe pollen structure and histochemistry of some gymnosperms
    • Pacini E., Franchi G.G., Ripaccioli M. (1999) Ripe pollen structure and histochemistry of some gymnosperms. Plant Syst. Evol. 217: 81-99.
    • (1999) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.217 , pp. 81-99
    • Pacini, E.1    Franchi, G.G.2    Ripaccioli, M.3
  • 104
    • 0006380823 scopus 로고
    • Co-evolution und einseitige anpassungen in blüten-bestäuber-systemen: Bestäuber als schrittmacher in der blütenevolution
    • Paulus H.F. (1988) Co-Evolution und einseitige Anpassungen in Blüten-Bestäuber-Systemen: Bestäuber als Schrittmacher in der Blütenevolution. Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges. 81: 25-46.
    • (1988) Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges. , vol.81 , pp. 25-46
    • Paulus, H.F.1
  • 105
    • 0024476131 scopus 로고
    • The cost of mutualism: Interactions between Trollius europaeus and its pollinating parasites
    • Pellmyr O. (1989) The cost of mutualism: interactions between Trollius europaeus and its pollinating parasites. Oecologia 78: 53-59.
    • (1989) Oecologia , vol.78 , pp. 53-59
    • Pellmyr, O.1
  • 106
    • 0026540361 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of insect pollination and angiosperm diversification
    • Pellmyr O. (1992a) Evolution of insect pollination and angiosperm diversification. Tree 7: 46-48.
    • (1992) Tree , vol.7 , pp. 46-48
    • Pellmyr, O.1
  • 107
    • 0027012319 scopus 로고
    • The phylogeny of a mutualism: Evolution and coadaptation between Trollius and its seed-parasitic pollinators
    • Pellmyr O. (1992b) The phylogeny of a mutualism: evolution and coadaptation between Trollius and its seed-parasitic pollinators. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 47: 337-365.
    • (1992) Biol. J. Linn. Soc. , vol.47 , pp. 337-365
    • Pellmyr, O.1
  • 108
    • 0001801188 scopus 로고
    • Insect reproduction and floral fragrances: Keys to the evolution of the angiosperms?
    • Pellmyr O., Thien L.B. (1986) Insect reproduction and floral fragrances: keys to the evolution of the angiosperms? Taxon 35: 76-85.
    • (1986) Taxon , vol.35 , pp. 76-85
    • Pellmyr, O.1    Thien, L.B.2
  • 109
    • 0025590496 scopus 로고
    • Pollination and pollen energetics in Mediterranean ecosystems
    • Petanidou T., Vokou D. (1990) Pollination and pollen energetics in Mediterranean ecosystems. Amer. J. Bot. 77: 986-992.
    • (1990) Amer. J. Bot. , vol.77 , pp. 986-992
    • Petanidou, T.1    Vokou, D.2
  • 110
    • 0020382627 scopus 로고
    • On the tradeoff between the mean and the variance in foraging: Effect of spatial distribution and color preference
    • Real L., Ott J., Silverfine E. (1982) On the tradeoff between the mean and the variance in foraging: effect of spatial distribution and color preference. Ecology 63: 1617-1623.
    • (1982) Ecology , vol.63 , pp. 1617-1623
    • Real, L.1    Ott, J.2    Silverfine, E.3
  • 111
    • 0001055878 scopus 로고
    • A survey of reproductive biology in neotropical Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae
    • Renner S. (1989) A survey of reproductive biology in neotropical Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 496-518.
    • (1989) Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. , vol.76 , pp. 496-518
    • Renner, S.1
  • 112
    • 84985354655 scopus 로고
    • Adaptations to a diet of nectar and pollen in the marsupial Tarsipes rostratus (Marsupialia: Tarsipedidae)
    • Richardson K.C., Wooller R.D., Collins B.G. (1986) Adaptations to a diet of nectar and pollen in the marsupial Tarsipes rostratus (Marsupialia: Tarsipedidae). J. Zool. Lond. (A) 208: 285-297.
    • (1986) J. Zool. Lond. (A) , vol.208 , pp. 285-297
    • Richardson, K.C.1    Wooller, R.D.2    Collins, B.G.3
  • 113
    • 0028183521 scopus 로고
    • Coloured pollen in Cactaceae: A mimetic adaptation to humming-bird-pollination
    • Rose M.-J., Barthlott W. (1994) Coloured pollen in Cactaceae: a mimetic adaptation to humming-bird-pollination. Bot. Acta 107: 402-406.
    • (1994) Bot. Acta , vol.107 , pp. 402-406
    • Rose, M.-J.1    Barthlott, W.2
  • 114
    • 0028836907 scopus 로고
    • Deceit pollination and selection on female flower size in Begonia involucrata: An experimental approach
    • Schemske D.W., Ågren J. (1995) Deceit pollination and selection on female flower size in Begonia involucrata: an experimental approach. Evolution 49: 207-214.
    • (1995) Evolution , vol.49 , pp. 207-214
    • Schemske, D.W.1    Ågren, J.2
  • 115
    • 0001867786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deceit pollination in the monoecious, neotropical herb Begonia oaxacana(Begoniaceae)
    • Lloyd D.G., Barrett S.C.H. (eds.) Chapman and Hall, New York
    • Schemske D.W., Ågren J., Le Corff J. (1996) Deceit pollination in the monoecious, neotropical herb Begonia oaxacana(Begoniaceae). In: Lloyd D.G., Barrett S.C.H. (eds.) Floral Biology: Studies on Floral Evolution in Animal-Pollinated Plants. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 292-318.
    • (1996) Floral Biology: Studies on Floral Evolution in Animal-Pollinated Plants , pp. 292-318
    • Schemske, D.W.1    Ågren, J.2    Le Corff, J.3
  • 116
    • 0005564240 scopus 로고
    • Phagostimulants in pollen
    • Schmidt J.O. (1985) Phagostimulants in pollen. J. Apicult. Res. 24: 107-114.
    • (1985) J. Apicult. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 107-114
    • Schmidt, J.O.1
  • 117
    • 0000573873 scopus 로고
    • Communication in the ultraviolet
    • Silberglied R.E. (1979) Communication in the ultraviolet. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 10: 373-398.
    • (1979) Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.10 , pp. 373-398
    • Silberglied, R.E.1
  • 118
    • 0029661037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency-dependent selection by pollinators: Mechanisms and consequences with regard to behaviour of bumblebees Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
    • Smithson A., Macnair M.R. (1996) Frequency-dependent selection by pollinators: mechanisms and consequences with regard to behaviour of bumblebees Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Evol. Biol. 9: 571-588.
    • (1996) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 571-588
    • Smithson, A.1    Macnair, M.R.2
  • 121
    • 0031891952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beetle pollination of peacock moraeas (Iridaceae) in South Africa
    • Steiner K.E. (1998) Beetle pollination of peacock moraeas (Iridaceae) in South Africa. Plant Syst. Evol. 209: 47-65.
    • (1998) Plant Syst. Evol. , vol.209 , pp. 47-65
    • Steiner, K.E.1
  • 122
    • 0001022918 scopus 로고
    • Structural, behavioral, and physiological adaptations of bees (Apoidea) for collecting pollen
    • Thorp R.W. (1979) Structural, behavioral, and physiological adaptations of bees (Apoidea) for collecting pollen. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66: 788-812.
    • (1979) Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. , vol.66 , pp. 788-812
    • Thorp, R.W.1
  • 123
    • 0003161425 scopus 로고
    • Ecological aspects of flower evolution. I. Phyletic evolution
    • van der Pijl L. (1960) Ecological aspects of flower evolution. I. Phyletic evolution. Evolution 14: 403-416.
    • (1960) Evolution , vol.14 , pp. 403-416
    • Van Der Pijl, L.1
  • 124
    • 68949106009 scopus 로고
    • Orchid flowers
    • The Fairchild Tropical Garden and the University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, Florida
    • van der Pijl L., Dodson C.H. (1966) Orchid Flowers. Their pollination and evolution. The Fairchild Tropical Garden and the University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, Florida, pp. 21-198.
    • (1966) Their Pollination and Evolution. , pp. 21-198
    • Van Der Pijl, L.1    Dodson, C.H.2
  • 125
    • 0002957390 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary shifts from reward to deception in pollen flowers
    • Richards A. (ed.) The pollination of flowers by insects
    • Vogel S. (1978) Evolutionary shifts from reward to deception in pollen flowers. In: Richards A. (ed.) The pollination of flowers by insects. Linn. Soc. Sym. Ser. Nr. 6, pp. 89-96.
    • (1978) Linn. Soc. Sym. Ser. Nr. , vol.6 , pp. 89-96
    • Vogel, S.1
  • 126
    • 0001825992 scopus 로고
    • Betrug bei pflanzen: Die täuschblumen
    • Vogel S. (1993) Betrug bei Pflanzen: Die Täuschblumen. Abh. Akad. Wiss. Lit. (Mainz) 1: 1-48.
    • (1993) Abh. Akad. Wiss. Lit. (Mainz) , vol.1 , pp. 1-48
    • Vogel, S.1
  • 127
    • 0029739841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical and chemical stimuli control pollen feeding in the hoverfly Eristalis tenax L. (Syrphidae; Diptera)
    • Wacht S., Hansen K., Lunau K. (1996) Optical and chemical stimuli control pollen feeding in the hoverfly Eristalis tenax L. (Syrphidae; Diptera). Entomol. exp. appl. 80: 50-53.
    • (1996) Entomol. Exp. Appl. , vol.80 , pp. 50-53
    • Wacht, S.1    Hansen, K.2    Lunau, K.3
  • 128
    • 0001162338 scopus 로고
    • Flower constancy: Definition, cause, and measurement
    • Waser N.M. (1986) Flower constancy: definition, cause, and measurement. Am. Nat. 127: 593-603.
    • (1986) Am. Nat. , vol.127 , pp. 593-603
    • Waser, N.M.1
  • 129
    • 0022235861 scopus 로고
    • The effect of nectar guides on pollinator preference: Experimental studies with a montane herb
    • Waser N.M., Price M.V. (1985) The effect of nectar guides on pollinator preference: experimental studies with a montane herb. Oecologia 67: 121-126.
    • (1985) Oecologia , vol.67 , pp. 121-126
    • Waser, N.M.1    Price, M.V.2
  • 130
    • 0000830101 scopus 로고
    • Spatial vision in arthropods
    • Autrum H.-J. et al. (eds.) Springer, Berlin
    • Wehner R. (1981) Spatial vision in arthropods. In: Autrum H.-J. et al. (eds.) Handboock of Sensory Physiology. Springer, Berlin, pp. 287-616.
    • (1981) Handboock of Sensory Physiology , pp. 287-616
    • Wehner, R.1
  • 131
    • 8344264224 scopus 로고
    • 'Matched filters' - Neural models of the external word
    • Wehner R. (1987) 'Matched filters' - neural models of the external word. J. Comp. Physiol. A 161: 511-531.
    • (1987) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.161 , pp. 511-531
    • Wehner, R.1
  • 132
    • 84989997240 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen zum phenyl-propanstoffwechsel des pollens
    • Wiermann R. (1968) Untersuchungen zum Phenyl-propanstoffwechsel des Pollens. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 81: 3-16.
    • (1968) Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. , vol.81 , pp. 3-16
    • Wiermann, R.1
  • 133
    • 0027085791 scopus 로고
    • Pollen wall and sporopollenin
    • Wiermann R., Gubatz S. (1992) Pollen wall and sporopollenin. Int. Rev. Cytol. 140: 35-71.
    • (1992) Int. Rev. Cytol. , vol.140 , pp. 35-71
    • Wiermann, R.1    Gubatz, S.2
  • 134
    • 0028978808 scopus 로고
    • Foraging dynamics of Peponapis pruinosa (Hymenoptera: Arithophoridae) on pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) in Southern Ontario
    • Willis D.S., Kevan P.G. (1995) Foraging dynamics of Peponapis pruinosa (Hymenoptera: Arithophoridae) on pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) in Southern Ontario. Can. Entomol. 127: 167-175.
    • (1995) Can. Entomol. , vol.127 , pp. 167-175
    • Willis, D.S.1    Kevan, P.G.2
  • 135
    • 0023527227 scopus 로고
    • Pollinator foraging behavior and pollen collection on the floral morphs of tristylous Pontederia cordata L.
    • Wolfe L.M., Barrett S.C.H. (1987) Pollinator foraging behavior and pollen collection on the floral morphs of tristylous Pontederia cordata L. Oecologia 74: 347-351.
    • (1987) Oecologia , vol.74 , pp. 347-351
    • Wolfe, L.M.1    Barrett, S.C.H.2
  • 136
    • 0020363451 scopus 로고
    • Optimal foraging: Random movement by pollen collecting bumblebees
    • Zimmerman M. (1982) Optimal foraging: random movement by pollen collecting bumblebees. Oecologia 53: 394-398.
    • (1982) Oecologia , vol.53 , pp. 394-398
    • Zimmerman, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.