Mechanisms and density dependence of benefit in an ant-membracid mutualism

Ecology

Volumn 81, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 482-489

  Morales, Manuel A ^a,b  

^a Bldg 142   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

Author keywords

Ant homopteran mutualism; Ants; Density dependent benefit; Formica obscuriventris; Formicidae; Hemiptera; Hymenoptera; Membracidae; Mutualism; Predati on; Publilia concava; Treehoppers

Indexed keywords

ANT; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; MUTUALISM; PREDATION RISK;

FORMICA OBSCURIVENTRIS; FORMICIDAE; HEMIPTERA; HYMENOPTERA; MEMBRACIDAE; PUBLILIA CONCAVA;

EID: 0033938793     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[0482:MADDOB]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Addicott, J. F. 1981. Stability properties of two-species models of mutualisms. Oecologia 49:42-49.
2. Banks, C. J., and H. L. Nixon. 1958. Effects of the ant, Lasius niger L., on the feeding and excretion of the bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scop. Journal of Experimental Biology 35: 703-711.
3. Boucher, D. H., S. Joens, and K. H. Keeler. 1982. The ecology of mutualism. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13:315-347.
4. Breton, L. M., and J. F. Addicott. 1992a. Density-dependent mutualism in an aphid - ant interaction. Ecology 73:2175-2180.
5. Breton, L. M., and J. F. Addicott. 1992b. Does host-plant quality mediate aphid - ant mutualism? Oikos 63:253-259.
6. Bristow, C. M. 1983. Treehoppers transfer parental care to ants: a new benefit of mutualism. Science 220:532-533.
7. Bristow, C. M. 1984. Differential benefits to two species of Homoptera on New York ironweed. Journal of Animal Ecology 53:715-726.
8. Bronstein, J. L. 1994a. Our current understanding of mutualism. Quarterly Review of Biology 69:31-51.
9. Bronstein, J. L. 1994b. Conditional outcomes in mutualistic interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9:214-217.
10. Buckley, R. C. 1987. Interactions involving plants, Homoptera, and ants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 18:111-135.
11. Cushman, J. H., and J. F. Addicott. 1991. Conditional interactions in ant-plant-herbivore mutualisms. Pages 92-103 in C. R. Huxley and D. F. Cutler, editors. Ant - plant interactions. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
12. Cushman, J. H., and T. G. Whitham. 1989. Conditional mutualism in a membracid - ant association: temporal, age-specific, and density-dependent effects. Ecology 70:1040-1047.
13. Cushman, J. H., and T. G. Whitham. 1991. Competition mediating the outcome of a mutualism: protective services of ants as a limiting resource for membracids. American Naturalist 138:851-865.
14. Dean, A. M. 1983. A simple model of mutualism. American Naturalist 121:409-417.
15. El-Ziady, S. 1960. Further effects of Lasius niger L. on Aphis fabae Scopoli. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, series A 35:30-38.
16. El-Ziady, S., and J. S. Kennedy. 1956. Beneficial effects of the common garden ant, Lasius niger L., on the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, series A 31:61-65.
17. Fokkema, N. J., I. Riphagen, R. J. Poot, and C. deJong. 1983. Aphid honeydew, a potential stimulant of Cochliobolus satirus and Septoria nodorum and the competitive role of saprophytic mycoflora. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 81:355-363.
18. Fritz, R. S. 1982. An ant - treehopper mutualism: effects of Formica subsericea on the survival of Vanduzea arquata. Ecological Entomology 7:267-276.
19. Funkhouser, W. D. 1923. Membracidae of Connecticut. Pages 163-206 in W. B. Everett, editor. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part IV: The Hemiptera or sucking insects of Connecticut. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.
20. Heithaus, E. R., D. C. Culver, and A. J. Beattie. 1980. Models of some ant - plant mutualisms. American Naturalist 116: 347-361.
21. Itioka, T., and T. Inoue. 1996a. The role of predators and attendant ants in the regulation and persistence of a population of the citrus mealybug Pseudococcus citriculus in a Satsuma orange orchard. Applied Entomology and Zoology 31:195-202.
22. Itioka, T., and T. Inoue. 1996b. Density-dependent ant attendance and its effects on the parasitism of a honeydew-producing scale insect. Ceroplastes rubens. Oecologia 106: 448-454.
23. Kennedy, J. S., and H. L. G. Stroyan. 1959. Biology of aphids. Annual Review of Entomology 4:139-160.
24. LaMunyon, C. W., and P. A. Adams. 1987. Use and effect of an anal defensive secretion in larval Chrysopidae (Neuroptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 80:804-808.
25. May, R. M. 1981. Models for two interacting populations. Pages 78-104 in R. M. May, editor. Theoretical ecology: principles and applications. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
26. McEvoy, P. B. 1977. Adaptive significance of clumped dispersion in a treehopper, Publilia concava (Homoptera: Membracidae). Dissertation. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
27. McEvoy, P. B. 1979. Advantages and disadvantages to group living in treehoppers (Homoptera: Membracidae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 11:1-13.
28. Messina, F. J. 1981. Plant protection as a consequence of an ant - membracid mutualism. Ecology 62:1433-1440.
29. Ringel, M. S., H. H. Hu, and G. Anderson. 1996. The stability and persistence of mutualisms embedded in community interactions Theoretical Population Biology 50: 281-297.
30. Setälä, H., J. Rissanen, and A. M. Markkola. 1997. Conditional outcomes in the relationship between pine and ectomycorrhizal fungi in relation to biotic and abiotic environment. Oikos 80:112-122.
31. Spiegler, P. E. 1962. The origin and nature of the adhesive substance in larvae of the genus Chrysopa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 55:69-77.
32. StatSoft. 1997. STATISTICA for Windows (computer program manual). Version 5.1. StatSoft, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.
33. Sudd, J. H. 1987. Ant - aphid mutualism. Pages 355-365 in A. K. Minks and P. Harrewijn, editors. Aphids: their biology, natural enemies, and control. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
34. Talbot, M. 1964. Nest structure and mating flights of the ant Formica obscuriventris. Animal Behaviour 12:154-158.
35. Taylor, F. 1977. Foraging behavior of ants: experiments with two species of myrmecine ants. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2:147-167.
36. Taylor, F. 1978. Foraging behavior of ants: theoretical considerations. Journal of Theoretical Biology 71:541-565.
37. Thompson, J. N. 1988. Variation in interspecific interactions. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 19:65-87.
38. Turchin, P., and P. Kareiva. 1989. Aggregation in Aphis varians: an effective strategy for reducing predation risk. Ecology 70:1008-1016.
39. Way, M. J. 1954. Studies of the association of the ant Oecophylla longinoda and the scale insect Saissetia zanzibarensis. Bulletin of Entomological Research 45:113-134.
40. Way, M. J. 1963. Mutualism between ants and honeydew-producing Homoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 8: 307-344.
41. Wolin, C. L., and L. R. Lawlor. 1984. Models of facultative mutualism: density effects. American Naturalist 124:843-862.
42. Wood, B. W., W. L. Tedders, and C. C. Reilly. 1988. Sooty mold fungus on pecan foliage suppresses light penetration and net photosynthesis. HortScience 23:851-853.