Primary hypothyroidism masquerading as hepatic encephalopathy: Case report and review of the literature

Postgraduate Medical Journal

Volumn 76, Issue 897, 2000, Pages 424-426

  Thobe, Nicole ^a   Pilger, Pamela ^a   Jones, Michael P ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cirrhosis; Coma; Hyperammonaemia; Hypothyroidism

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALBUMIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; BILIRUBIN; THYROID HORMONE;

AGED; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; COMA; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; FEMALE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; HYPERAMMONEMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

AGED; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; FEMALE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HEPATITIS C, CHRONIC; HUMANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; THYROXINE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0033937969     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pmj.76.897.424     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. L'Age M, Meinhold H, Wenzel KW, et al. Relations between serum levels of TSH, TBG, T4, T3, and various histologically classified chronic liver diseases. J Endocrinol Invest 1980;4:379-83.
2. Borzio M, Caldara R, Borzio F, et al. Thyroid function tests in chronic liver disease: evidence for multiple abnormalities despite clinical euthyroidism. Gut 1983;24:631-6.
3. Huang MJ, Liaw YF. Clinical associations between thyroid and liver diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1995;10: 344-50.
4. Hepner GW, Chopra IJ. Serum thyroid hormone levels in patients with liver disease. Arch Intern Med 1979;139:1117-20.
5. Crowe JP, Christensen E, Butler J, et al. Primary biliary cirrhosis: the prevalence of hypothyroidism and its relationship to thyroid autoantibodies and sicca syndrome. Gastroenterology 1980;78:1437-41.
6. Tran A, Quaranta JF, Benzaken S, et al. High prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in a prospective series of patients with chronic hepatitis C before interferon therapy. Hepatology 1993;17:417-19.
7. Huang MJ, Wu SS, Liaw YF. Thyroid abnormalities in patients with chronic viral hepatits. Hepatology 1994; 20:1651-2.
8. Huang MJ, Li KL, Wei JS, et al. Sequential liver and bone biochemical changes in hyperthyroidism: revisited by a prospective controlled follow-up study. Am J Gastroenterol 1994;89:1071-6.
9. Ingbar SH. Effects of thyroid hormones on metabolic processes. In: Wilson JD, Foster DW, eds. Williams textbook of endocrinology. 7th Ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1985: 738.
10. Marti J, Portles M, Jiminez-Nacher I, et al. Effect of thyroid hormone on urea biosynthesis and related processes in rat liver. Endocrinology 1988;123:2167-74.
11. Cheema-Dhadli S, Jungas RL, Halperin ML. Regulation of urea synthesis by acid-base balance in vivo: role of NH3 concentration. Am J Physiol 1987;252:F221-5.
12. Hitoshi S, Terao Y, Sakuta M. Portal-systemic encephalopathy and hypothalamic hypothyroidism: the effect of thyroid hormone on ammonia metabolism. Intern Med 1993;32: 655-8.
13. Markland ON. EEG in diffuse encephalopathies. J Clin Neurophysiol 1984;4:361-9.