Undercounting features and missing features: Evidence for a high-level deficit in strabismic amblyopia

Nature Neuroscience

Volumn 3, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 496-501

  Sharma, Vineeta ^a,b   Levi, Dennis M ^a   Klein, Stanley A ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON   (United States)

^b ALCON RESEARCH LTD   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMBLYOPIA; ARTICLE; EYE DEVELOPMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STRABISMUS; VISION; VISUAL CORTEX; VISUAL DISORDER; VISUAL SYSTEM;

ADULT; AMBLYOPIA; ATTENTION; CUES; HUMANS; MODELS, NEUROLOGICAL; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PHOTIC STIMULATION; STRABISMUS; TIME FACTORS; VISION, MONOCULAR; VISUAL CORTEX; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 0033930055     PISSN: 10976256     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/74872     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Weisel, T. N. Postnatal development of the visual cortex and the influence of environment. Nature 299, 583-591 (1982).
2. Smith, E. L. III et al. Residual binocular interactions in the striate cortex of monkeys reared with abnormal binocular vision. J. Neurophysiol 78, 1353-1362 (1997).
3. Kiorpes, L., Kiper, D. C., O'Keefe, L. P., Cavanaugh, J. R. & Movshon, J. A. Neuronal correlates of amblyopia in the visual cortex of macaque monkeys with experimental strabismus and anisometropia. J. Neurosci. 18, 6411-6424 (1998).
4. Hess, R. F. Developmental sensory impairment: amblyopia or tarachopia. Hum. Neurobiol 1, 17-29 (1982).
5. Levi, D. M. in Vision and Visual Dysfunction. Vol. 10B (ed. Cronly-Dillon, J.) 212-238 (Macmillan, New York, 1991).
6. Levi, D. M. & Klein, S. A. Vernier acuity, crowding and amblyopia. Vision Res. 25, 979-991 (1985).
7. Levi, D. M. & Klein, S. A. Sampling in spatial vision. Nature 320, 360-362 (1986).
8. Wang, H., Levi, D. M. & Klein, S. A. Spatial uncertainty and sampling efficiency in amblyopic position acuity. Vision Res. 38, 1239-1251 (1998).
9. Levi, D. M., Klein, S. A. & Sharma, V. Position jitter and undersampling in pattern perception. Vision Res. 39, 445-465 (1999).
10. Pylyshyn, Z. et al. Multiple parallel access in visual attention. Can. J. Exp. Psychol. 48, 260-283 (1994).
11. Trick, L. M. & Pylyshyn, Z. W. Why are small and large numbers enumerated differently? A limited-capacity preattentive stage in vision. Psychol. Rev. 101, 80-102 (1994).
12. Jevons, W. S. The power of numerical discrimination. Nature 3, 281-282 (1871).
13. Atkinson, J., Campbell, F. W. & Francis, M. R. The magic number 4±0: A new look at visual numerosity judgments. Perception 5, 327-334 (1976).
14. Levi, D. M. & Harwerth, R. S. Spatiotemporal interactions in anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 16, 90-95 (1977).
15. Hess, R. F. & Howell, E. R. The threshold contrast sensitivity function in strabismic amblyopia: Evidence for a two-type classification. Vision Res. 17, 1049-1055 (1977).
16. Bradley, A. & Freeman, R. D. Contrast sensitivity in anisometropic amblyopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 21, 467-476 (1981).
17. Chino, Y. M., Smith, E. L. 3rd, Yoshida, K., Cheng, H. & Hamamoto, J. Binocular interactions in striate cortical neurons of cats reared with discordant visual inputs. J. Neurosci. 14, 5050-5067 (1994).
18. Roelfsema, P. R., Konig, P., Engel, A. K., Sireteanu, R. & Singer, W. Reduced synchronization in the visual cortex of cats with strabismic amblyopia. Eur. J. Neurosci. 6, 1645-1655 (1994).
19. Posner, M. I. Orienting of attention. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 32, 3-26 (1980).
20. Eriksen, C. W. & Murphy, T. D. Movement of attentional focus across the visual field: A critical look at the evidence. Percept. Psychophys. 42, 299-305 (1987).
21. Nakayama, K. in Visual Coding and Efficiency (ed. Blakemore, C.) 411-422 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1990).
22. Lu, Z. L. & Dosher, B. A. External noise distinguishes attention mechanisms. Vision. Res. 38, 1183-1198 (1998).
23. Levi, D. M., Waugh, S. J. & Beard, B. L Spatial scale shifts in amblyopia. Vision Res. 34, 3315-3334 (1994).
24. Balakrishnan, J. D. & Ashby, F. G. Subitizing: magical numbers or mere superstition? Psychol. Res. 54, 80-90 (1992).
25. Sathian, K. et al. Neural evidence linking visual object enumeration and attention. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 11, 36-51 (1999).
26. Treisman, A. M. Feature binding, attention and object perception. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 353, 1295-1206 (1998).
27. Vuilleumier, P. & Rafal, R. "Both" means more than "two": localizing and counting in patients with visuospatial neglect. Nat. Neurosci. 2, 783-784 (1999).
28. Hyvarinen, J., Hyvarinen, L. & Linnankoski, I. Modification of parietal association cortex and functional blindness after binocular deprivation in young monkeys. Exp. Brain Res. 42, 1-8 (1981).
29. Imamura, K. et al. Reduced activity in the extrastriate visual cortex of individuals with strabismic amblyopia. Neurosci. Lett. 225, 173-176 (1997).
30. Kooi, F. L., Toet, A., Tripathy, S. P. & Levi, D. M. The effect of similarity and duration on spatial interaction in peripheral vision. Spat. Vis. 8, 255-279 (1994).
31. He, S., Cavanagh, P. & Intriligator, J. Attentional resolution and the locus of visual awareness. Nature 383, 334-337 (1996).
32. Watson, A. B. Probability summation over time. Vision Res. 19, 515-522 (1979).