Introducing a new component of the metabolic syndrome: Low cholesterol absorption

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 72, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 82-88

  Simonen, Piia ^b   Gylling, Helena ^b   Howard, Alan N ^b   Miettinen, Tatu A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Cholesterol absorption; Cholesterol synthesis; Insulin resistance; Lathosterol; Obesity; Plant sterols; Sex hormone binding globulin; Type 2 diabetes; Weight loss

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; PHYTOSTEROL; SEX HORMONE BINDING GLOBULIN;

ABSORPTION; ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM; CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MALE; METABOLIC DISORDER; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; SYNDROME;

EID: 0033919190     PISSN: 00029165     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/72.1.82     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Stevens J, Cai J, Pamuk ER, Williamson DF, Thun MJ, Wood JL. The effect of age on the association between body-mass index and mortality. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1-7.
2. Pi-Sunyer FX. Medical hazards of obesity. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:655-60.
3. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-yr cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care 1993;16: 434-44.
4. National Institutes of Health. Consensus development conference statement. Health implications of obesity. Ann Intern Med 1985; 103:1073-7.
5. National Institutes of Health. Consensus development conference on diet and exercise in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1987;10:639-44.
6. Howard BV. Lipoprotein metabolism in diabetes mellitus. J Lipid Res 1987;28:613-28.
7. Ginsberg HN. Lipoprotein physiology in non-diabetic and diabetic states. Relationship to atherogenesis. Diabetes Care 1991;14:839-55.
8. Stern MP, Haffner SM. Dyslipidemia in type II diabetes. Implications for therapeutic intervention. Diabetes Care 1991;14:1144-59.
9. Gylling H, Miettinen TA. Cholesterol absorption, synthesis, and LDL metabolism in NIDDM. Diabetes Care 1997;20:90-5.
10. Briones ER, Steiger DL, Palumbo PJ, et al. Sterol excretion and cholesterol absorption in diabetics and nondiabetics with and without hyperlipidemia. Am J Clin Nutr 1986;44:353-61.
11. Miettinen TA, Tilvis RS, Kesäniemi YA. Serum plant sterols and cholesterol precursors reflect cholesterol absorption and synthesis in volunteers of a randomly selected male population. Am J Epidemiol 1990;131:20-31.
12. Sutherland WH, Scott RS, Lintott CJ, Robertson MC, Stapely SA, Cox C. Plasma non-cholesterol sterols in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Horm Metab Res 1992;24:172-5.
13. Strandberg TE, Salomaa V, Vanhanen H, Miettinen TA. Associations of fasting blood glucose with cholesterol absorption and synthesis in nondiabetic middle-aged men. Diabetes 1996;45:755-61.
14. Bennion LJ, Grundy SM. Effects of diabetes mellitus on cholesterol metabolism in man. N Engl J Med 1977;296:1365-71.
15. Abrams JJ, Ginsberg H, Grundy SM. Metabolism of cholesterol and plasma triglycerides in nonketotic diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1982;31:903-10.
16. Andersen E, Hellström P, Hellström K. Cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in middle-aged diabetics. Diabete Metab 1986;12:261-6.
17. Naoumova RP, Cummings MH, Watts GF, et al. Acute hyperinsulinaemia decreases cholesterol synthesis less in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus than in non-diabetic subjects. Eur J Clin Invest 1996;26:332-40.
18. Haffner SM. Sex hormone-binding protein, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Horm Res 1996;45:233-7.
19. Knuts L-R, Rastas M, Haapala P. Micro-Nutrica version 1.0. Helsinki: National Pensions Institute, 1991.
20. Lipid Research Clinics Program. Manual of laboratory operations, lipid research clinic program. Washington, DC: Lipid Research Clinics Program, 1974:51-9. (DHEW publication no. NIH/75-628.)
21. Miettinen TA, Koivisto P. Non-cholesterol sterols and bile acid production in hypercholesterolaemic patients with ileal bypass. In: Paumgartner G, Stiehl A, Gerok W, eds. Bile acids and cholesterol in health and disease. Boston: MTP Press, 1983:183-7.
22. Miettinen TA. Detection of changes in human cholesterol metabolism. Ann Clin Res 1970;2:1-21.
23. Miettinen TA. Serum methyl sterols and their distribution between major lipoprotein fractions in different clinical conditions. Ann Clin Res 1971;3:264-71.
24. Tilvis RS, Miettinen TA. Serum plant sterols and their relation to cholesterol absorption. Am J Clin Nutr 1986;43:92-7.
25. Crouse JR, Grundy SM. Evaluation of a continuous isotope feeding method for measurement of cholesterol absorption in man. J Lipid Res 1978;19:967-71.
26. 3) when used as an index substance. Science 1952;116:634-5.
27. Miettinen TA. Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of fecal neutral sterols using a capillary column. Clin Chim Acta 1982;124:245-8.
28. Miettinen TA, Ahrens EH Jr, Grundy SM. Quantitative isolation and gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of total dietary and fecal neutral steroids. J Lipid Res 1965;6:411-24.
29. Grundy SM, Ahrens EH Jr, Miettinen TA. Quantitative isolation and gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of total fecal bile acids. J Lipid Res 1965;6:397-410.
30. Gylling H, Vega GL, Grundy SM. Physiologic mechanisms for reduced apolipoprotein A-I concentration associated with low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. J Lipid Res 1992;33:1527-39.
31. McFarlane AS. Efficient trace-labeling of proteins with iodine. Nature 1958;182:53.
32. Bilheimer DW, Eisenberg S, Levy RI. The metabolism of very low density lipoproteins. I. Preliminary in vitro and in vivo observations. Biochim Biophys Acta 1972;260:212-21.
33. Altman DG. Practical statistics for medical research. 1st ed. London: Chapman and Hall, 1991.
34. Henry RR, Gumbiner B. Benefits and limitations of very low-calorie diet therapy in obese NIDDM. Diabetes Care 1991;14:802-23.
35. Simonen P, Gylling H, Miettinen TA. Insulin resistance contributes in lowering cholesterol absorption efficiency in obesity. Atherosclerosis 1999;144(suppl):61 (abstr).
36. Bosner MS, Lange LG, Stenson WF, Ostlund RE. Percent cholesterol absorption in normal women and men quantified with dual stable isotopic tracers and negative ion mass spectrometry. J Lipid Res 1999;40:302-8.
37. Grundy SM. Dietary and drug regulation of cholesterol metabolism in man. Lipid pharmacology. Vol 8. New York: Academic Press Inc. 1976:127-59.
38. Saudek CD, Brach E. Cholesterol metabolism in diabetes mellitus. The effect of insulin on cholesterol balance. Diabetes 1978;27: 1059-64.
39. Scoppola A, Testa G. Frontoni S, et al. Effects of insulin on cholesterol synthesis in type II diabetes patients. Diabetes Care 1995;18:1362-9.
40. Miettinen TA. Cholesterol production in obesity. Circulation 1971;44:842-7.
41. Miettinen TA, Kesäniemi YA. Cholesterol absorption: regulation of cholesterol synthesis and elimination and within-population variations of serum cholesterol levels. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;49:629-35.