The electronic republic? The role of the Internet in promoting democracy in Africa

Democratization

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 137-156

  Ott, Dana ^a   Rosser, Melissa ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIVIL SOCIETY; DEMOCRACY; INTERNET; POLITICAL CHANGE;

AFRICA;

EID: 0033918437     PISSN: 13510347     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13510340008403649     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Lawrence K. Grossman, The Electronic Republic: Reshaping Democracy in the Information Age (New York: Penguin, 1996) p.6.
2. Richard R. Fagen, Politics and Communication (Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 1966) p.3.
3. Harry M. Cleaver, 'The Zapatista Effect: The Internet and the Rise of an Alternative Political Fabric', Journal of International Affairs, Vol.51, No.2 (1998), pp.621-40 and at http://lcweb2.loc.gov/const/fed query, html.
4. Grossman, The Electronic Republic, p.16.
5. Ibid., pp.162-3.
6. James Madison, Federalist Papers: Federalist No.10, From the New York Packet, Friday, 23 Nov. 1787, at http://lcweb2.loc.gov/const/fed query.html.
7. James Madison, Federalist Papers: Federalist No.10, From the New York Packet, Friday, 23 Nov. 1787, at http://lcweb2.loc.gov/const/fed query.html.
8. Kathryn Sikkink and Margaret E. Keck, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998).
9. See, among others, Darrell M. West, 'Air Wars: Television Advertising in Election Campaigns, 1952-1992' (Washington DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1993); and Shanto Iyengar, Donald R. Kinder and Benjamin I. Page, News That Matters: Television and American Opinion (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1989).
10. See, among others, Darrell M. West, 'Air Wars: Television Advertising in Election Campaigns, 1952-1992' (Washington DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1993); and Shanto Iyengar, Donald R. Kinder and Benjamin I. Page, News That Matters: Television and American Opinion (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1989).
11. Bruce Bimber, 'The Internet and Political Participation: The 1996 Election Season', paper prepared for delivery at the 1997 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC, 28-31 Aug. 1997, p.2.
12. Graeme Browning and Daniel J. Weitzner, Electronic Democracy : Using the Internet to Influence American Politics (Wilton, CT: Online, 1996).
13. UNESCO/USAID Global Education Database. 1999, at http://cdie.usaid.gov/esds.
14. Mike Jensen, 'African Internet Status', July 1999, p.1, at http://www3.sn.apc.org/africa/ afstat.htm.
15. Lishan Aden, 'Electronic Communications Technology and Development in Africa', 1995. at http://www.sas.upe nn.edu/African_Studies/ASA/lish.html, p.5.
16. O'Coeur de Roy, 'The African Challenge: Internet, Networking, and Connectivity', Internet Activities in a Developing Environment, No.5 (1997), p.883.
17. Aden, 'Electronic Communications Technology and Development in Africa', p.6.
18. UNESCO. 'Multipurpose Community Telecenters', at http://www.unesco.org/webworld/ public_domain/mct.html.
19. For an extensive review of current donor activity in the area of information and communication technology in Africa, see Mike Jenson, 'A Summary of International ICT Development Projects in Africa', 1998, at http://www3.wn.apc.org/africa/projects.htm. Most of the information in this segment is drawn from this source.
20. Christopher R. Kedzie, 'African Connectivity, Problems, Solutions and Actions: Some Recommendations from INET'96', paper presented at the 1996 Annual Meeting of the Internet Society (INET), at http://wwww.nsrc.org /Africa/regional-reports/iNet.txt.
21. Etienne Baranshamaje, Eugene Boostrom, Vidoje Brajovic, Masud Cader, Robert Clement-Jones, Robert Hawkins, Peter Knight, Robert Schware and Hugh Sloan, 'Increasing Internet Connectivity in sub-Saharan Africa: Issues, Options, and the World Bank Group Role', draft paper, 29 March 1995 (Washington, DC: The World Bank), pp.6-7.
22. Fagen, Politics and Communication, p.150.
23. Mike Jenson and Don Richardson, 'Wireless Weaves to Lessen the Gaps in Rural Telecommunication Coverage in Africa', in UNESCO, The First Mile: Advancing Telecommunications for Rural Development through a Participatory Communication Approach (Rome: United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, 1998).