Syndromic treatment of sexually transmitted diseases reduces the proportion of incident HIV infections attributable to these diseases in rural Tanzania

AIDS

Volumn 14, Issue 10, 2000, Pages 1429-1437

  Orroth, Kate Karter ^a   Gavyole, Awena ^b   Todd, James ^a,c   Mosha, Frank ^c   Ross, David ^a,c   Mwijarubi, Ezra ^c   Grosskurth, Heiner ^a,c   Hayes, Richard J ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b African Medical and Research Foundation Mwanza   (Tanzania)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH   (Tanzania)

Author keywords

Africa; HIV prevention; Population attributable fraction; Randomized controlled trial; STD treatment

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GENITAL ULCER; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MARRIAGE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RURAL POPULATION; SEROCONVERSION; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; SYMPTOM; SYPHILIS; TANZANIA; TRAVEL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV SEROPOSITIVITY; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; RURAL POPULATION; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES; TANZANIA;

EID: 0033910868     PISSN: 02699370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200007070-00017     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. 1. World Health Organization, UNAIDS. AIDS epidemic update: December 1998. Geneva: World Health Organization. 1998.
2. 2. Laga M, Diallo MO, Buve A. Inter-relationship of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV: where are we now? AIDS 1994, 8 (suppl 1):S119-S124.
3. 3. Laga M, Manoka A, Kivuvu M, et al. Non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases as risk factors for HIV-1 transmission in women: results from a cohort study. AIDS 1993, 7:95-102.
4. 4. Plummer FA, Simonsen JN, Cameron DW, et al. Cofactors in male-female sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis 1991, 163:233-239.
5. 5. Cameron DW, Simonsen JN, D'Costa LJ, et al. Female to male transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: risk factors for seroconversion in men. Lancet 1989, ii:403-407.
6. 6. Clemetson DA, Moss GB, Willerford DM, et al. Detection of HIV DNA in cervical and vaginal secretions: prevalence and correlates among women in Nairobi, Kenya. JAMA 1993, 269: 2860-2864.
7. 7. Schacker T, Ryncarz AJ, Goddard J, Diem K, Shaughnessy M Corey L. Frequent recovery of HIV-1 from genital herpes simplex virus lesions in HIV-1-infected men. JAMA 1998, 280:61-66.
8. 8. Moss GB, Overbaugh J, Welch M, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus DNA in urethral secretions in men: association with gonoccocal urethritis and CD4 cell depletion. J Infect Dis 1995, 172:1469-1474.
9. 9. Ghys PD, Fransen K, Diallo MO, et al. The associations between cervicovaginal HIV shedding, sexually transmitted diseases and immunosuppression in female sex workers in Abidjan, Cote d'lvoire. AIDS 1997, 11:F85-F93.
10. 10. Cohen MS, Hoffman IJ, Royce RA, et al. Reduction of concentration of HIV-1 in semen after treatment of urethritis: implications for prevention of sexual transmission of HIV-1. Lancet 1997, 349:1868-1873.
11. 11. Cohen MS. Sexually transmitted diseases enhance HIV transmission: no longer a hypothesis. Lancet 1998, 351:5-7.
12. 12. Wasserheit JN. Epidemiological synergy: interrelationships between human immunodeficiency virus infection and other sexually transmitted diseases. Sex Transm Dis 1992, 19:61-77.
13. 13. Hayes R, Grosskurth H, ka-Gina G. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted disease on HIV infection: authors' reply. Lancet 1995, 346:1159-1160.
14. 14. Rockhill B, Newman B, Weinberg C. Use and misuse of population attributable fractions. Am J Public Health 1998, 88:15-19.
15. 15. Hayes R, Mosha F, Nicoll A, et al. A community trial of the impact of improved sexually tranmsitted disease treatment on the HIV epidemic in rural Tanzania: 1. Design. AIDS 1995, 9:919-926.
16. 16. Grosskurth H, Mosha F, Todd J, et al. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomized controlled trial. Lancet 1995, 346:530-536.
17. 17. Mayaud P, Mosha F, Todd J, et al. Improved treatment services significantly reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in rural Tanzania: results of a randomized controlled trial. AIDS 1997, 11:1873-1880.
18. 18. Greenland S, Robins J. Conceptual problems in the definition and interpretation of attributable fractions. Am J Epidemiol 1988, 128:1185-1197.
19. 19. Quigley M, Munguti K, Grosskurth H, et al. Sexual behaviour patterns and other risk factors for HIV infection in rural Tanzania: a case-control study. AIDS 1997, 11:237-248.
20. 20. Walter SD. The distribution of Levin's measure of attributable risk. Biometrika 1975, 62:371-374.
21. 21. Greenland S, Drescher K. Maximum likelihood estimation of the attributable fraction from logistic models. Biometrics 1993, 49:865-872.
22. 22. Brady T. Adjusted population attributable fractions from logistic regression. STB 1998, 42:137-143.
23. 23. Vittinghoff E, Padian MS. Attributable risk of exposures associated with sexually transmitted disease. J Infect Dis 1996, 174(Suppl 2):S182-S187.
24. 24. Mayaud P, Grosskurth H, Changulucha J, et al. Risk assessment and other screening options for gonorrhoea and chlamydial infections in women attending rural Tanzanian antenatal clinics. Bull WHO 1995, 73:621 -630.
25. 25. Robinson NJ, Mulder DW, Auvert B, Hayes RJ. Proportion of HIV infections attributable to other sexually transmitted diseases in a rural Ugandan population: simulation model estimates. Int J Epidemiol 1997, 26:180-189.
26. 26. Wawer MJ, Sewankambo NK, Serwadda D, et al. Control of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS prevention in Uganda: a randomised community trial. Lancet 1999, 353:525-535.
27. 27. Gray RH, Wawer MJ, Sewankambo NK, et al. Relative risks and population attributable fraction of incident HIV associated with STD symptoms and treatable STDs in Rakai District, Uganda. AIDS 1999, 13:2113-2123.