The Scandinavian welfare state in the 1990s: Challenged but viable

West European Politics

Volumn 23, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 209-228

  Kuhnle, Stein ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

SOCIAL POLICY; SOCIAL SECURITY; WELFARE PROVISION; WELFARE REFORM;

SCANDINAVIA;

EID: 0033909626     PISSN: 01402382     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01402380008425373     Document Type: Article

References (50)

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3. S. Kuhnle, 'The Growth of Social insurance Programmes in Scandinavia: Outside Influences and Internal Forces', in P. Flora and A.J. Heidenheimer (eds.), The Development of Welfare States in Europe and America (New Brunswick: Transaction Books 1981).
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8. Ferrera, 'Four Social Europes';
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25. Goul Andersen, 'Welfare Crisis and Beyond'.
26. The summary review of status and reforms of welfare programmes is based on Nososco (Social Protection in the Nordic Countries),
27. and P. Eitrheim and S. Kuhnle, 'Nordic Welfare States in the1990s: Institutional Stability, Signs of Divergence', in Kuhnle (ed.), Survival of the European Welfare State.
28. Nososco, Social Protection in the Nordic Countries, p. 103.
29. Social Protection in the Nordic Countries Ibid., p.88.
30. J. Lehto, N. Moss and T. Rostgaard, 'Universal Public Social Care and Health Services?', in Kautto et al. (eds.), Nordic Social Policy, pp. 102-3.
31. J. Lehto, N. Moss and T. Rostgaard, Nordic Social Policy Ibid., p. 130.
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33. By Continental European countries we are referring to Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands.
34. Kuhnle and Alestalo, 'Introduction'.
35. Kuhnle and Alestalo, 'Introduction' Ibid.
36. Note that the figures indicate unweighted averages of proportions. The OECD definition of government employment is used and stems from the system of national accounts. The definition covers 'producers of government services', those who are employed by central or local bodies in administration, defence, health, education and social services. The definition excludes most public enterprises: See M. Alestalo, S. Bislev and B. Furåker, 'Welfare State Employment in Scandinavia', in Kolberg (ed.), The Study of Welfare State Regimes, pp.37-45).
37. OECD, Historical Statistics 1960-1995 (Paris: OECD 1997), p.41.
38. J. Goul Andersen et al., "The Legitimacy of the Nordic Welfare States: Trends, Variations and Causes', in Kautto et al. (eds.), Nordic Social Policy, pp.255-6.
39. J. Goul Andersen et al., Nordic Social Policy Ibid., p.256.
40. O. Petersson, Nordisk Politik (Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik 1998).
41. J. Palme and I. Wennemo, Swedish Social Security in the 1990s: Reform and Retrenchment (Stockholm: Ministry of Health and Social Affairs 1998).
42. M. Heikkilä, 'Justifications for Cutbacks in the Area of Social Policy', in Heikkilä and Uusitalo (eds.), The Cost of the Cuts.
43. J. Palme, 'Recent Developments in income Transfer Systems in Sweden', in N. Ploug and J. Kvist (eds.), Recent Trends in Cash Benefits in Europe (Copenhagen: the Danish Institute of Social Research 1994).
44. J. Palme, 'Recent Developments in income Transfer Systems in Sweden', Recent Trends in Cash Benefits in Europe (1994) Ibid.
45. O. Borre and J. Goul Andersen, Voting and Political Altitudes in Denmark (Århus: Århus University Press 1997).
46. Gould Andersen et al., 'The Legitimacy of the Nordic Welfare States'.
47. Heikkilä, 'Justifications for Cutbacks in the Area of Social Policy', p.22.
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50. Heikkilä and Uusitalo (eds.), The Cost of the Cuts.