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Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 1806-1815

Formation of supported phospholipid bilayers from unilamellar vesicles investigated by atomic force microscopy

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CALCIUM; MULTILAYERS; PROTEINS; SURFACES; SUSPENSIONS (FLUIDS);

EID: 0033894687     PISSN: 07437463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/la9903043     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (521)

References (52)
  • 2
    • 0022632478 scopus 로고
    • Watts, T. H.; Brian, A. A.; Kappler, J. W.; Marrack, P.; McConnell, H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1984, 81, 7564. Watts, T. H.; Gaub, H. E.; McConnell, H. M. Nature 1986, 320, 179.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.320 , pp. 179
    • Watts, T.H.1    Gaub, H.E.2    McConnell, H.M.3
  • 11
    • 0343585165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paper presented at the Centennial Meeting of the American Physical Society, March 1999, Atlanta, GA. Manuscript submitted for publication
    • Keller, C. A.; Glasmaester, K.; Zhdanov, V. P.; Kasemo, B. Paper presented at the Centennial Meeting of the American Physical Society, March 1999, Atlanta, GA. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 1999, 44 (1) Part II, 1936. Manuscript submitted for publication.
    • (1999) Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. , vol.44 , Issue.1 PART II , pp. 1936
    • Keller, C.A.1    Glasmaester, K.2    Zhdanov, V.P.3    Kasemo, B.4
  • 24
    • 0342715131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • E. coli lipids are composed of ∼85% phosphatidylethanolamine, 10% phopshatidylglycerol, and 5% cardiolipin. Both PG and CL are negatively charged.
  • 25
    • 0343149594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2+ on SPB formation discussed below refer to its presence on both sides of the bilayer.
  • 26
    • 0342715129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The difference between the two methods - i and ii (see Experimental Section) - is due to the fact that the former does not necessarily represent the equilibrium situation, while the latter one does. The significance of these vesicles and of whether the system is in equilibrium or not is elaborated on in the Discussion.
  • 27
    • 0343149593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 5 was more consistent (see figure legends). (The height of biological macromolecules as measured by AFM is discussed in ref 48). Second, vesicles are soft objects and are likely to be deformed by the tip during imaging.
  • 29
    • 0343149592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • -7 mJ/m.
  • 30
    • 0343149591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • r. They will form single-bilayer disks. An intact vesicle adsorbed in close proximity to the "active edge" of such a single-bilayer disk will fuse with it (see the discussion of the late stages of SPB formation below). At high enough lipid concentrations, this process will lead to the formation of an SPB.
  • 31
    • 0343149590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • At the low lipid concentrations and small time scales involved in the current study, fusion of SUVs and - especially - EUVs in solution is considered to be unlikely.
  • 32
    • 0342280122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • It is intuitively clear that this process will also depend on the lipid concentration, since higher concentrations increase the probability of contact between vesicles. In fact, this is the only step in the formation of single-bilayer disks (adsorption of vesicles, their fusion, disk formation by vesicle rupture) which is concentration-dependent. However, the definition of "contact" is not trivial in this case, and it is therefore difficult to take the concentration dependence into account.
  • 33
    • 0342280121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 47
  • 39
    • 0342280119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Remaining (small) defects are thought to be due to the local properties of mica. See also ref 20.
  • 45
    • 0343585153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • At the low lipid concentration used, fusion between surface-bound vesicles, discussed in detail above, is expected to be negligible.
  • 52
    • 0342715121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • A few (one or two) small disks could sometimes be found on samples and are thought to be due to contamination or tip-induced rupture.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.