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0342715131
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note
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E. coli lipids are composed of ∼85% phosphatidylethanolamine, 10% phopshatidylglycerol, and 5% cardiolipin. Both PG and CL are negatively charged.
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25
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0343149594
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note
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2+ on SPB formation discussed below refer to its presence on both sides of the bilayer.
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26
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0342715129
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note
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The difference between the two methods - i and ii (see Experimental Section) - is due to the fact that the former does not necessarily represent the equilibrium situation, while the latter one does. The significance of these vesicles and of whether the system is in equilibrium or not is elaborated on in the Discussion.
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27
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0343149593
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note
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5 was more consistent (see figure legends). (The height of biological macromolecules as measured by AFM is discussed in ref 48). Second, vesicles are soft objects and are likely to be deformed by the tip during imaging.
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0343149592
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note
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-7 mJ/m.
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0343149591
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note
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r. They will form single-bilayer disks. An intact vesicle adsorbed in close proximity to the "active edge" of such a single-bilayer disk will fuse with it (see the discussion of the late stages of SPB formation below). At high enough lipid concentrations, this process will lead to the formation of an SPB.
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31
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0343149590
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note
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At the low lipid concentrations and small time scales involved in the current study, fusion of SUVs and - especially - EUVs in solution is considered to be unlikely.
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0342280122
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It is intuitively clear that this process will also depend on the lipid concentration, since higher concentrations increase the probability of contact between vesicles. In fact, this is the only step in the formation of single-bilayer disks (adsorption of vesicles, their fusion, disk formation by vesicle rupture) which is concentration-dependent. However, the definition of "contact" is not trivial in this case, and it is therefore difficult to take the concentration dependence into account.
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At the low lipid concentration used, fusion between surface-bound vesicles, discussed in detail above, is expected to be negligible.
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0342715121
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A few (one or two) small disks could sometimes be found on samples and are thought to be due to contamination or tip-induced rupture.
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