Three dimensional cohesive-element analysis and experiments of dynamic fracture in C300 steel

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Volumn 37, Issue 27, 2000, Pages 3733-3760

  Pandolfi, A ^a   Guduru, P R ^b   Ortiz, M ^b   Rosakis, A J ^b  

^a POLITECNICO DI MILANO   (Italy)

^b CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

3D cohesive elements; C300 steel; Coherent gradient sensing; Drop weight test; Dynamic fracture; Three point bend

Indexed keywords

BENDING (DEFORMATION); CRACK PROPAGATION; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; FRACTURE TESTING; FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; HIGH SPEED PHOTOGRAPHY; MARAGING STEEL; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; STEEL TESTING;

COHERENT GRADIENT SENSING; DROP WEIGHT TESTS; DYNAMIC FRACTURE;

FRACTURE MECHANICS;

EID: 0033879941     PISSN: 00207683     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0020-7683(99)00155-9     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Angelino, G.C., 1978. Influence of the geometry on unstable crack extension on determination of dynamic fracture mechanics parameters. In Testing, A. S. and Materials, editors, Fast Fracture and Crack Arrest, volume ASTM STP 627, pp. 392-407.
2. Atluri, S.N., Nishioka, T., 1983. Path-independent integrals, energy release rates and general solutions of near tip fields in mixed mode dynamic fracture mechanics. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 28, 1-22.
3. Barrenblatt, G.I., 1962. The mathematical theory of equilibrium of cracks in brittle fracture. Advances in Applied Mechanics 7, 55-129.
4. Beinert, J., Kalthoff, J.F., 1981. Experimental determination of dynamic stress intensity factors by shadow patterns. In: Sih, G. (Ed.), Mechanics of Fracture, vol. VII. Sijthoff and Noordhoff, pp. 281-330.
5. Beltz, G.E., Rice, J.R. 1991. Dislocation nucleation versus cleavage decohesion at crack tips. In: Lowe, T.C., Rollett, A.D., Follansbee, P.S., Daehn, G.S. (Eds.), Modeling the Deformation of Crystalline Solids: Physical Theory, Application and Experimental Comparisons. Warrendale, PA, pp. 457-480 TSM-AIME.
6. Belytschko, T. 1983. An overview of semidiscretization and time integration procedures. In: Belytschko, T., Hughes, T.J.R. (Eds.), Computational Methods for Transient Analysis. North-Holland, pp. 1-65.
7. Bilek, Z., 1980. Some comments on dynamic crack propagation in a high strength steel. In Testing, A. S. and Materials, editors, Crack Arrest Methodology and Applications, volume ASTM STP 711, pp. 240-247.
8. Bradley, W.B., Kobayashi, A.S., 1970. An investigation of propagating cracks by dynamic photoelasticity. Experimental Mechanics 10, 106-113.
9. Brickstad, B., 1983. A fem analysis of crack arrest experiments. International Journal of Fracture 21, 177-194.
10. Camacho, G.T., Ortiz, M., 1996. Computational modelling of impact damage in brittle materials. International Journal of Solids and Structures 33 (2022), 2899-2938.
11. Camacho, G.T., Ortiz, M., 1997. Adaptive Lagrangian modelling of ballistic penetration of metallic targets. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 142, 269-301.
12. Carpinteri, A., 1986. Mechanical Damage and Crack Growth in Concrete. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
13. Chen, W.N., Ravichandran, G., 1994. Dynamic compressive behavior of ceramics under lateral confinement. Journal de Physique IV 4, 177-182.
14. Chen, W.N., Ravichandran, G., 1996. Static and dynamic compressive behavior of aluminum nitride under moderate confinement. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 79, 579-584.
15. Chona, R., Irwin, G.R., Sanford, R.J., 1983. Influence of specimen size and shape on the singularity dominated zone. In: Lewis, J.C., Sines, G. (Ed.). Fracture Mechanics: 14th Symposium Volume I. Theory and Analysis, ASTM STP 791, pp. I/3-I/23.
16. Chona, R., Sanford, R.J., 1988. Analyzing crack tip isochromatic fringe patterns. In VI International Congress of Experimental Mechanics, pp. 751-760.
17. Cuitiño, A.M., Ortiz, M., 1992. A material-independent method for extending stress update algorithms from small-strain plasticity to finite plasticity with multiplicative kinematics. Engineering Computations 9, 437-451.
18. Dally, J.W., 1979. Dynamic photoelastic studies of fracture. Experimental Mechanics 19, 349-361.
19. ID-ȧ relation. International Journal of Fracture 27, 159-168.
20. De-Andrés, A., Pérez, J.L., Ortiz, M., 1998. Elastoplastic finite element analysis of three-dimensional fatigue crack growth in aluminum shafts subjected to axial loading. International Journal of Solids and Structures. In press.
21. Dugdale, D.S., 1960. Yielding of steel sheets containing slits. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 8, 100-104.
22. Freund, L.B., 1972. Crack propagation in an elastic solid subjected to general loading-i constant rate extension. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 20, 129-140.
23. Freund, L.B., 1990. Dynamic Fracture Mechanics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
24. Freund, L.B., Douglas, A.S., 1982. The influence of inertia on elastic-plastic antiplane-shear crack growth. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 30, 59-74.
25. Freund, L.B., Hutchinson, J.W., 1985. High strain-rate crack growth in rate-dependent plastic solids. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 33, 169-191.
26. Freund, L.B., Hutchinson, J.W., Lam, P.S., 1986. Analysis of high strain rate elastic-plastic crack growth. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 23, 119-129.
27. Freund, L.B., Rosakis, A.J., 1992. The structure of the near tip field solution during transient elastodynamic crack growth. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 40, 699-719.
28. Goldsmith, W., Katsamanis, F., 1979. Fracture of notched polymeric beams due to central impact. Experimental Mechanics 18, 235-244.
29. Grady, D.E., Benson, D.A., 1983. Fragmentation of metal rings by electromagnetic loading. Experimental Mechanics 23, 393-400.
30. Hillerborg, A., Modeer, M., Petersson, P.E., Needleman, A., 1976. Analysis of crack formation and crack growth in concrete by means of fracture mechanics and finite elements. Cement Concrete Resarch 6, 773-782.
31. Hughes, T.J.R. 1983. Analysis of transient algorithms with particular reference to stability behavior. In: Belytschko, T., Hughes, T.J.R. (Eds.), Computational Methods for Transient Analysis. North-Holland, pp. 67-155.
32. Hughes, T.J.R., 1987. The Finite Element Method: Linear Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
33. Irwin, G.R., 1958. In Proceedings of SESA, volume 16, pp. 93-96.
34. Irwin, G.R., Dally, J.W., Kobayashi, T., Fourney, W.L., Etheridge, M.J., Rossmanith, H.P., 1979. On the determination of the ȧ-K relationship for birefringent polymers. Experimental Mechanics 19, pp. 121-128.
35. Kalthoff, J.F., 1985. On the measurement of dynamic fracture toughness - a review of recent work. International Journal of Fracture 27, 277-298.
36. Kalthoff, J.F., Beinert, J., Winkler, S., 1978. Influence of dynamic effects on crack arrest. Technical report, Institut für Festkorpermechanik.
37. Kalthoff, J.F., Winkler, S., Beinert, J., 1976. Dynamic stress intensity factors for arresting cracks in DCB specimens. International Journal of Fracture 12, 317-319.
38. Kanazawa, T., Machida, S., Teramoto, T., Yoshinari, H., 1981. Study on fast fracture and crack arrest. Experimental Mechanics 21 pp. 78-88.
39. Katsamanis, F., Raftopoulos, D., Theocaris, P.S., 1977. Static and dynamic stress intensity factors by the method of transmitted caustics. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 99, 105-109.
40. Knauss, W.G., Ravi-Chandar, K., 1985. Some basic problems in stress wave dominated fracture. International Journal of Fracture 27, 127-143.
41. Kobayashi, A.S., 1978. Investigation of Transient Effects for Dynamically Initiating and Growing Cracks Under Stress Wave Loading Conditions. University Press, Virginia, pp. 481-496.
42. Kobayashi, T., Dally, J.W., 1980. Dynamic photoelastic determination of the ȧ-K relation for 4340 alloy steel. In: Hahn, G.T., Kanninen, M.F. (Eds.), Crack Arrest Methodology and Applications, vol. ASTM STP 711, pp. 189-210.
43. Krishnaswamy, S., Rosakis, A.J., 1990. On the extent of dominance of asymptotic elastodynamic crack tip fields: Part I - an experimental study using bifocal caustics. Journal of Applied Mechanics 58, 87-94.
44. Krishnaswamy, S., Rosakis, A.J., Ravichandran, G., 1991. On the extent of dominance of asymptotic elastodynamic crack tip fields: Part II - numerical investigation of three dimensional and transient effects. Journal of Applied Mechanics 58, 95-103.
45. Krishnaswamy, S., Tippur, H.V., Rosakis, A.J., 1992. Measurement of transient crack tip deformation fields using the method of cgs. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 40, 339-372.
46. Lam, P.S., Freund, L.B., 1984. Analysis of dynamic growth of a tensile crack in an elastic-plastic material. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 33, 153-167.
47. Liu, C., Rosakis, A.J., Freund, L.B., 1993. The interpretation of optical caustics in the presence of non-uniform crack tip motion histories: a study based on a higher order transient crack tip expansion. International Journal of Solids and Structures 30, 875-897.
48. Lubliner, J., 1972. On the thermodynamic foundations of non-linear solid mechanics. International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 7, 237-254.
49. Lubliner, J., 1973. On the structure of the rate equations of materials with internal variables. Acta Mechanica 17, 109-119.
50. Marsden, J.E., Hughes, T.J.R., 1983. Mathematical Foundations of Elasticity. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
51. Marusich, T.D., Ortiz, M., 1995. Modelling and simulation of high-speed machining. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 38, 3675-3694.
52. Mathur, K.K., Needleman, A., Tvergaard, V., 1996. Three dimensional analysis of dynamic ductile crack growth in a thin plate. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 44, 439-464.
53. McClintock, F., Irwin, G.R., 1964. Fracture toughness testing and applications, volume ASTM STP 381, p. 95.
54. Needleman, A., 1987. A continuum model for void nucleation by inclusion debonding. Journal of Applied Mechanics 54, 525-531.
55. Needleman, A., 1990a. An analysis of decohesion along an imperfect interface. International Journal of Fracture 42, 21-40.
56. Needleman, A., 1990b. An analysis of tensile decohesion along an interface. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 38 (3), 289-324.
57. Needleman, A., 1992. Micromechanical modeling of interfacial decohesion. Ultramicroscopy 40, 203-214.
58. Ortiz, M., 1988. Microcrack coalescence and macroscopic crack growth initiation in brittle solids. International Journal of Solids and Structures 24, 231-250.
59. Ortiz, M., 1996. Computational micromechanics. Computational Mechanics 18, 321-338.
60. Ortiz, M., Pandolfi, A., 1999. A class of cohesive elements for the simulation of three-dimensional crack propagation. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 44, 1267-1282.
61. Ortiz, M., Suresh, S., 1993. Statistical properties of residual stresses and intergranular fracture in ceramic materials. Journal of Applied Mechanics 60, 77-84.
62. Owen, D.M., Zhuang, S., Rosakis, A.J., Ravichandran, G., 1998. Experimental determination of dynamic crack initiation and propagation fracture toughness in thin aluminum sheets. International Journal of Fracture 90, 153-174.
63. Pandolfi, A., Krysl, P., Ortiz, M., 1999. Finite element simulation of ring expansion and fragmentation: the capturing of length and time scales through cohesive models of fracture. International Journal of Fracture. In press.
64. Pandolfi, A., Ortiz, M., 1999. Solid modeling aspects of three-dimensional fragmentation. Engineering with Computers 14, 287-308.
65. Planas, J., Elices, M., Guinea, G.V. 1994. Cohesive cracks as a solution of a class of nonlocal problems. In: Bazant, Z.P. (Ed.), Fracture and Damage in Quasibrittle Structures. Experiment, Modelling and Computer Analysis. E & FN SPON.
66. Radovitzky, R., Ortiz, M., 1998. Tetrahedral mesh generation based on node insertion in crystal lattice arrangements and advancing-front-Delaunay triangulation. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. In press.
67. Ravi-Chandar, K., Knauss, W.G., 1983. Dynamic crack tip stresses under stress wave loading - a comparison of theory and experiment. International Journal of Fracture 20, 209-222.
68. Ravi-Chandar, K., Knauss, W.G., 1984a. An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture, Part 1. Crack initiation and arrest. International Journal of Fracture 25 (4), 247-262.
69. Ravi-Chandar, K., Knauss, W.G., 1984b. An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture, Part 2. Microstructural aspects. International Journal of Fracture 26 (1), 65-80.
70. Ravi-Chandar, K., Knauss, W.G., 1984c. An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture, Part 3. On steady state crack propagation and crack branching. International Journal of Fracture 26 (2), 141-154.
71. Ravi-Chandar, K., Knauss, W.G., 1984d. An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture, Part 4. On the interaction of stress waves with propagating cracks. International Journal of Fracture 26 (3), 189-200.
72. Rice, J.R. 1968. Mathematical analysis in the mechanics of fracture. In: Liebowitz, H. (Ed.), Fracture. Academic Press, pp. 191-311.
73. Rice, J.R., 1992. Dislocation nucleation from a crack tip: an analysis based on the Peierls concept. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 40, 235-271.
74. Rosakis, A.J., 1980. Analysis of the optical method of caustics for dynamic crack propagation. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 13, 331-347.
75. Rosakis, A.J. 1993. Two optical techniques sensitive to gradients of optical path difference: the method of caustics and the coherent gradient sensor (CGS). In: Epstein, J. (Ed.), Experimental Techniques in Fracture. VCH, New York, pp. 327-425.
76. Rosakis, A.J., Duffy, J., Freund, L.B., 1984. The determination of dynamic fracture toughness of aisi 4340 steel by the shadow spot method. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 32, 443-460.
77. Rosakis, A.J., Liu, C., Freund, L.B., 1991. A note on the asymptotic stress field of a non-uniformly propagating dynamic crack. International Journal of Fracture 50, R39-R45.
78. Rosakis, A.J., Ravi-Chandar, K., 1986. On the crack tip stress state: An experimental evaluation of three dimensional effects. International Journal of Solids and Structures 22, 121-134.
79. Rosakis, A.J., Zehnder, A.T., 1985. On the dynamic fracture of structural metals. International Journal of Fracture 27, 169-186.
80. Rosakis, A.J., Zehnder, A.T., Narasimhan, R., 1988. Reflection and their application to elastic-plastic and dynamic fracture mechanics. Optical Engineering 27, 596-610.
81. Rose, J.H., Ferrante, J., Smith, J.R., 1981. Universal binding energy curves for metals and bimetallic interfaces. Physical Review Letters 47 (9), 675-678.
82. Sanford, R.J., Chona, R., 1984. Photoelastic calibration of the short-bar chevron notched specimen. In: Underwood, J.H., Freiman, S.W., Baratta, F.I. (Eds.), Chevron Notched Specimens: Testing and Stress Analysis, vol. ASTM STP 855, pp. 81-97.
83. Sanford, R.J., Dally, J.W., 1979. A general method for determining mixed mode stress intensity factors from isochromatic fringe patterns. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 11, 621-633.
84. Shukla, A., Chona, R. 1988. The stress field surrounding a rapidly propagating curving crack. In: Read, D.T., Reed, R.P. (Eds.), Fracture Mechanics, 18th Symposium, volume ASTM STP 945, pp. 86-99.
85. Theocaris, P.S., 1978. Dynamic propagation and arrest measurements by the method of caustics on overlapping skew-parallel cracks. International Journal of Solids and Structures 14, 639-653.
86. Tippur, H.V., Krishnaswamy, S., Rosakis, A.J., 1990. Coherent gradient sensor for crack tip deformation measurements: analysis and experimental results. International Journal of Fracture 48, 193-204.
87. Tippur, H.V., Krishnaswamy, S., Rosakis, A.J., 1991. Optical mapping of crack tip deformations using the method of transmission and reflection coherent gradient sensing: a study of crack tip k-dominance. International Journal of Fracture 52, 91-117.
88. Tvergaard, V., Hutchinson, J.W., 1993. The influence of plasticity on mixed-mode interface toughness. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 41, 1119-1135.
89. Tvergaard, V., Hutchinson, J.W., 1996a. Effect of strain dependent cohesive zone model on predictions of interface crack growth. Journal de Physique IV 6, 165-172.
90. Tvergaard, V., Hutchinson, J.W., 1996b. Effect of strain dependent cohesive zone model on predictions of crack growth resistance. International Journal of Solids and Structures 33, 3297-3308.
91. Willam, K. 1989. Simulation issues of distributed and localized failure computations. In: Mazars, J., Bazant, Z.P. (Eds.), Cracking and Damage. Elsevier, New York, pp. 363-378.
92. Xu, X.P., Needleman, A., 1993. Void nucleation by inclusion debonding in a crystal matrix. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering 1, 111-132.
93. Xu, X.P., Needleman, A., 1994. Numerical simulations of fast crack growth in brittle solids. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 42, 1397-1434.
94. Xu, X.P., Needleman, A., 1995. Numerical simulations of dynamic interfacial crack growth allowing for crack growth away from the bond line. International Journal of Fracture 74, 253-275.
95. Xu, X.P., Needleman, A., 1996. Numerical simulations of dynamic crack growth along an interface. International Journal of Fracture 74, 289-324.
96. Zehnder, A.T., Rosakis, A.J., 1986. A note on the measurement of K and J under small scale yielding conditions using the method of caustics. International Journal of Fracture 30, R43-R48.
97. Zehnder, A.T., Rosakis, A.J., 1990. Dynamic fracture initiation and propagation in 4340 steel under impact loading. International Journal of Fracture 43, 271-285.