Assay optimization and regulation of urease activity in two marine diatoms

Journal of Phycology

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 523-528

  Peers, Graham S ^a,b   Milligan, Allen J ^a,c   Harrison, Paul J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Nitrogen assimilation; Organic nitrogen; Thalassiosira spp.; Urea; Urease assay

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; CLONE; COLORIMETRY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME REGULATION; NITROGEN METABOLISM; UREASE;

AMMONIUM; BIOASSAY; DIATOM; ENZYME ACTIVITY;

THALASSIOSIRA PSEUDONANA; THALASSIOSIRA WEISSFLOGII;

EID: 0033863958     PISSN: 00223646     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2000.99037.x     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Antia, N. J., Berland, B. R., Bonin, D. J. & Maestrini, S. Y. 1975. Comparative evaluation of certain organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen for photoautotrophic growth of marine microalgae. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 55:519-39.
2. Antia, N. J., Harrison, P. J. & Oliveira, L. 1991. The role of dissolved organic nitrogen in phytoplankton nutrition, cell biology and ecology. Phycologia 30:1-89.
3. Bekheet, I. A. & Syrett, P. J. 1977. Urea degrading enzymes in algae. Br. Phycol. J. 12:137-43.
4. Berges, J. A. 1993. Enzymes as indices of growth rate and nitrate metabolism in marine phytoplankton. Ph.D. dissertation. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 308 pp.
5. Carpenter, E. J., Remsen, C. C. & Watson, S. W. 1972. Utilization of urea by some marine phytoplankters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 17:265-9.
6. Chaney, A. L. & Marback, E. P. 1962. Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clin. Chem. 8:130-2.
7. Collier, J. L, Brahamsha, B. & Palenik, B. 1999. The marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. WH7805 requires urease (urea amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.5) to utilize urea as a nitrogen source: molecular-genetic and biochemical analysis of the enzyme. Microbiology 145:447-59.
8. Collier, J. L. & Palenik, B. 1996. Urea as a nitrogen source for marine Synechococcus. EOS Ocean Sci. Meet. Abstr. OS22A-9.
9. Dugdale, R. C. & Goering, J. J. 1967. Uptake of new and regenerated forms of nitrogen in primary productivity. Limnol. Oceanogr. 12:196-206.
10. Eppley, R. W., Carlucci, A. F., Holm-Hansen, O., Kiefer, D., McCarthy, J. J., Venrick, E. & Williams, P. M. 1971. Phytoplankton growth and composition in shipboard cultures supplied with nitrate, ammonium or urea as the nitrogen source. Limnol. Oceanorg. 16:741-51.
11. Ge, X., Cain, K. & Hirschenberg, R. 1990. Urea metabolism and urease regulation in the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis. Can. J. Microbiol. 36:218-22.
12. Geider, R. J., La Roche, J., Greene, R. M. & Olaizola, M. 1993. Response of the photosynthetic apparatus of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae) to nitrate, phosphate, or iron starvation. J. Phycol. 29:755-66.
13. Harrison, P. J., Waters, R. E. & Taylor, F. J. R. 1980. A broad spectrum artificial seawater medium for coastal and open ocean phytoplankton. J. Phycol. 16:28-35.
14. Horrigan, S. G. & McCarthy, J. J. 1982. Phytoplankton uptake of ammonium and urea during growth on oxidised forms of nitrogen. J. Plankton Res. 4:379-89.
15. Leftley, J. W. & Syrett, P. J. 1973. Urease and ATP:Urea amidolyase activity in unicellular algae. J. Gen. Microbiol. 77:109-15.
16. Loomis, W. D. & Battaile, J. 1966. Plant phenolic compounds and the isolation of plant enzymes. Phytochemistry 5:423-38.
17. McCarthy, J. J. 1972a. The uptake of urea by marine phytoplankton. J. Phycol. 8:216-21.
18. _ 1972b. The uptake of urea by natural populations of marine phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. 17:738-18.
19. Mobley, H. L. T. & Hausinger, R. P. 1989. Microbial ureases: significance, regulation, and molecular characterization. Microbiol. Rev. 53:85-108.
20. Oliveira, L. & Antia, N. J. 1986. Nickel ion requirements for autotrophic growth of several marine microalgae with urea serving as nitrogen source. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:2427-33.
21. Polacco, J. C. & Holland, M. A. 1993. Roles of urease in plant cells. Int. Rev. Cytol. 145:65-103.
22. Price, N. M. & Harrison, P. J. 1988. Uptake of urea C and N by the coastal marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33:528-37.
23. Price, N. M. & Morel, F. M. M. 1991. Colimitation of phytoplankton growth by nickel and nitrogen. Limnol. Oceanogr. 36:1071-7.
24. Price, N. M., Thompson, P. A. & Harrison, P. J. 1987. Selenium: an essential element for growth of the coastal marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. J. Phycol. 23:1-9.
25. Rees, T. A. V. & Bekheet, I. A. 1982. The role of nickel in urea assimilation by algae. Planta 156:385-7.
26. Rees, T. A. V. & Syrett, P. J. 1979a. The uptake of urea by the diatom Phaeodactylum. New Phytol. 82:169-78.
27. _ 1979b. Mechanisms for urea uptake by the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornulum: the uptake of thiourea. New Phytol. 83:37-48.
28. Singh, S. 1990. Regulation of urease activity in the cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 67:79-84.
29. _ 1992. Regulation of urease cellular levels in the cyanobacteria Anacystis nidulans and Nostoc muscorum. Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen 188:33-8.
30. Solorzano, L. 1969. Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenol-hypochlorite method. Limnol. Oceanogr. 14:799-801.
31. Syrett, P. J. & Leftley, J. W. 1976. Nitrate and urea assimilation by algae. In Sunderland, N. [Ed.] Perspectives in Experimental Biology. Vol. 2. Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 221-34.
32. Tamminen, T. & Irmisch, A. 1996. Urea uptake kinetics of a mid-summer planktonic community on the SW coast of Finland. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 130:201-11.