The millennium bugs - The need for and development of new antibacterials

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 51-59

  Bax, Richard ^a   Mullan, Noel ^b   Verhoef, Jan ^c  

^a Transcrip Ltd   (United Kingdom)

^b GLAXOSMITHKLINE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Antibacterials; Bacterial resistance; Biotechnology company initiatives; Pharmaceutical company initiatives

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CIPROFLOXACIN; DALFOPRISTIN PLUS QUINUPRISTIN; DAPTOMYCIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; EVERNIMICIN; EVERNINOMICIN; GATIFLOXACIN; GLYCOPEPTIDE; GREPAFLOXACIN; GV 143253; KETOLIDE; LINEZOLID; MOXIFLOXACIN; ORITAVANCIN; OXAZOLIDINONE DERIVATIVE; TELITHROMYCIN; TETRACYCLINE DERIVATIVE; TROVAFLOXACIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VANCOMYCIN;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL GENE; BIOTECHNOLOGY; DRUG INDUSTRY; DRUG RESEARCH; ENTEROCOCCUS; METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS;

EID: 0033847734     PISSN: 09248579     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0924-8579(00)00189-8     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bax R.B. Antibiotic resistance: a view from the pharmaceutical industry. Clin. Inf. Dis. 24:(suppl 1):1997;S151-S153.
2. Shales D., Levy S., Archer G. Antimicrobial resistance - new direstions. ASM News. 57:1991;455-458.
3. Gold H.S., Moellering R.C. Antimicrobial-drug resistance. N. Engl. J. Med. 335:1996;1445-1453.
4. Jones R.N., Low D.E., Pfaller M.A. Epidemiologic trends in nosocomial and community-acquired infections due to antibiotic resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 33:1999;101-112.
5. Pfaller M.A., Jones R.N., Doern B.F., Kugler K. Bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with blood stream infection: frequencies of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:1998;1762-1770.
6. Hiramatsu K., Aritaka N., Hanaki H., et al. Dissemination in Japanese hospitals of strains of Staph aureus heterogeneously resistant to vancomycin. Lancet. 350:1997;1670-1673.
7. Anonymous. Staph aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. MMWR, Morb Mort Week Rec 1997;46:765-766.
8. McCormick J.B. Epidemiology of emerging/re-emerging antimicrobial resistant bacterial pathogens. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 1:1998;125-129.
9. Pedersen K.B. Some growth promoters in animals do confer antimicrobial resistance in humans. Br. Med. J. 318:1999;1076.
10. Davey P.G., Bax R.B., Newey J., et al. Growth in the use of antibiotics in the community in England and Scotland in 1980-93. Br. Med. J. 312:1996;613.
11. Carbon C., Bax R.P. Regulating the use of antibiotics in the community. Br. Med. J. 317:1998;663-665.
12. Holby N. Epidemiologic aspects on antibiotic resistance. Microbiol. Drug Resist. 2:1995;137-142.
13. Coast J., Smith R.D., Millar M.R. An economic perspective on policy to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Social. Sci. Med. 40:1998;29-38.
14. Fujita K., Murono K., Yoshikawa M., Murai T. Decline of erythromycin resistance of group A streptococci in Japan. Pediatr. Inf. Dis. J. 13:1994;1075-1078.
15. Seppala H., Klaukka T., Vuopio-Varkila J., et al. The effect of changes in the consumption of macrolide antibiotics on erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci in Finland. N. Engl. J. Med. 337:1997;441-446.
16. Craig W.A. The future - can we learn from the past? Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 27:1997;49-53.
17. Craig W.A. PK/PD parameters: rationale for antibacterial dosing of mice and men. Clin. Inf. Dis. 26:1998;1-12.
18. PhRMA. Pharmaceutical industry spending on antiinfectives. FDC reports - The Pink Sheet 1997;59:13-14.
19. Chopra I., Hodgson J., Metcalf B., Poste G. The search for antimicrobial agents effective against bacteria bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41:1997;497-503.
20. Auckenthaler R, Feger C, Roche G, Courvalin P. In vitro activity of quinpristin/dalfopristin against worldwide clinical isolates of staphylococci, a multicenter study. Proceedings of the 38th ICAAC Abstracts, San Diego, CA, abstract E-44, 1998.
21. Hare RS, Sabatelli FJ and The Ziracin Susceptibility Testing Group. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of Ziracin compared with selected antibiotics against a range of recently isolated Gram-positive bacteria. Proceedings of the 38th ICAAC Abstracts, San Diego, CA, abstract E-119, 1998.
22. Rybak MJ, Hershberger E, Moldovan T. Comparitive in vitro activity of claptomycin versus vancomycin, linezolid and Jynercid against MR- and MS-staphylococci. Proceedings of the 38th ICAAC Abstracts, San Diego, CA, abstract c-146, 1998.
23. Tally FP. Daptomycin - a promising new antibiotic. Superbugs and Superdrugs: Innovations in Antiinfectives Meeting, 13-14 April, London, 1999.
24. Moellering R.C. A novel antimicrobial agent joins the battle against resistant bacteria. Ann. Intern. Med. 130:1999;155-157.
25. Wu M, Aralor P, Nash K et al. Linezolid, a new oxazolidinone, has activity in vitro and in macrophage culture system against M. avium complex. Proceedings of the 38th ICAAC Abstracts, San Diego, CA, abstract E-143, 1998.
26. Anonymous. HMR-3647. Drugs of the Future 1998;23:591-597.
27. Pankuch G.A., Visalli M.A., Jacobs M.R., Applebaum P.C. Susceptibilities of penicillin- and erythromycin- susceptible and resistant pneumococci to HMR 3647, a new ketolide, compared with susceptibilities to 17 other agents. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:1998;624-630.
28. Heaton V.J., Goldsmith C., Ambler J., Fisher M. Activity of gemifloxacin against penicillin and ciprofloxacin resistant S. pneumoniae displaying topoisomerase and efflux mediated resistance mechanisms. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43:1999;2998-3000.
29. Berry V, Page R, Satterfield J, Singley R, Straub R, Woodnutt G. Comparative efficacy of gemifloxacin against experimental respiratory tract infection in rats caused by ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Proceedings of the 39th ICAAC Abstracts, San Francisco, CA, abstract 1548, 1999.
30. Chien J, Allerheiligen S, Phillips D et al. Safety and pharmacokinetics of single intravenous doses of LY333328 diphosphate in healthy men. Proceedings of the 38th ICAAC Abstracts, San Diego, CA, abstract A-55, 1998.
31. Van Ogtrop ML, Anders D, Craig WA, Weiss WA. In vivo pharmacodynamic activity of two glycylcyclines (GAR-936 and WAY 152,288) against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Proceedings of the 38th ICAAC Abstracts, San Diego, CA, abstract F-134, 1998.
32. Fiddes JC. Protegrins - naturally occuring antimicrobial peptides. Superbugs and Superdrugs: Innovations in Antiinfectives Meeting, 13-14 April, London, 1999.