Effects of aerosols on cloud albedo: Evaluation of Twomey's parameterization of cloud susceptibility using measurements of ship tracks

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 57, Issue 16, 2000, Pages 2684-2695

  Ackerman, Andrew S ^a   Toon, Owen B ^b   Taylor, Jonathan P ^c   Johnson, Doug W ^c   Hobbs, Peter V ^d   Ferek, Ronald J ^d,e  

^a NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^c MET OFFICE   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^e OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; ALBEDO; CLOUD DROPLET; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; MARINE ATMOSPHERE;

PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0033792513     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2684:EOAOCA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Ackerman, A. S., O. B. Toon, and P. V. Hobbs, 1993: Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds. Science, 262, 226-229.
2. _, _, and _, 1995: Numerical modeling of ship tracks produced by injections of cloud condensation nuclei into marine stratiform clouds. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7121-7133.
3. Albrecht, B., 1989: Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness. Science, 245, 1227-1230.
4. Baumgardner, D., 1987: Corrections for the response time of particle measuring probes. Extended Abstracts, Sixth Symp. on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation, New Orleans, LA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 148-151.
5. Bohren, C. F., 1987: Multiple scattering of light and some of its observable consequences. Amer. J. Phys., 55, 524-533.
6. Brown, P. R. A., 1993: Measurements of the ice water content in cirrus using an evaporative technique. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 579-590.
7. Coakley, J. A., Jr., R. L. Bernstein, and P. A. Durkee, 1987: Effect of ship-stack effluents on cloud reflectivity. Science, 237, 1020-1022.
8. _, and Coauthors, 2000: The appearance and disappearance of ship tracks on large spatial scales. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2765-2778.
9. Conover, J. H., 1966: Anomalous cloud lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 23, 778-785.
10. Durkee, P. A., and Coauthors, 2000: The impact of ship-produced aerosols on the microstructure and albedo of warm marine stratocumulus clouds: A test of MAST hypotheses li and lii. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2554-2569.
11. Ferek, R. J., and Coauthors, 2000: Drizzle suppression in ship tracks. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2707-2728.
12. Frick, G. M., and W. A. Hoppel, 2000: Airship measurements of ship's exhaust plumes and their effect on marine boundary layer clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2625-2648.
13. Gasparovic, R. F., 1995: MAST experiment operations summary. S1R-95-07, Applied Physics Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, 300 pp. [Available from Applied Physics Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723.]
14. Gerber, H., 1996: Microphysics of marine stratocumulus clouds with two drizzle modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1649-1662.
15. Hobbs, P. V., L. F. Radke, J. H. Lyons, R. J. Ferek, D. J. Coffman, and T. J. Casadevall, 1991: Airborne measurements of particle and gas emissions from the 1990 volcanic eruptions of Mount Redoubt. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 18 735-18 752.
16. _, and Coauthors, 2000: Emissions from ships with respect to their effects on clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2570-2590.
17. Kilsby, C. G., D. P. Edwards, R. W. Saunders, and J. S. Foot, 1992: Water-vapour continuum absorption in the tropics: Aircraft measurements and model comparisons. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 715-748.
18. Knollenberg, R. G., 1970: The optical array: An alternative to scattering or extinction for airborne particle size detection. J. Appl. Meteor., 9, 514-522.
19. Leaitch, W. R., G. A. Isaac, J. W. Strapp, C. M. Banic, and H. A. Wiebe, 1992: The relationship between cloud droplet number concentrations and anthropogenic pollution: Observations and climatic implications. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 2463-2474.
20. Martin, G. M., D. W. Johnson, and A. Spice, 1994: The measurement and parameterization of effective radius of droplets in warm stratocumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1823-1842.
21. Pincus, R., and M. B. Baker, 1994: Effect of precipitation on the albedo susceptibility of clouds in the marine boundary layer. Nature, 372, 250-252.
22. Platnick, S., and S. Twomey, 1994: Determining the susceptibility of cloud albedo to changes in droplet concentration with the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 334-347.
23. _, and Coauthors, 2000: The role of background cloud microphysics in the radiative formation of ship tracks. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2607-2624.
24. Radke, L. F., J. A. Coakley Jr., and M. D. King, 1989: Direct and remote sensing observations of the effects of ships on clouds. Science, 246, 1146-1149.
25. Rogers, D. P., D. W. Johnson, and C. A. Friehe, 1995: The stable internal boundary layer over a coastal sea. Part I: Airborne measurements of the mean and turbulence structure. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 667-683.
26. Saunders, R. W., G. Brogniez, J. C. Guriez, R. Meerkotter, and R. Wendling, 1992: A comparison of measured and modeled broadband fluxes from aircraft data during the ICE'89 field experiment. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 9, 391-406.
27. Taylor, J. P., and A. S. Ackerman, 1999: A case study of pronounced perturbations to cloud properties and boundary layer dynamics due to aerosol emissions. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 125, 2643-2662.
28. _, M. D. Glew, J. A. Coakley Jr., W. R. Tahnk, S. Platnick, P. V. Hobbs, and R. J. Ferek, 2000: Effects of aerosols on the radiative properties of clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2656-2670.
29. Twomey, S., 1974: Pollution and planetary albedo. Atmos. Environ., 8, 1251-1256.
30. _, 1991: Aerosols, clouds, and radiation. Atmos. Environ., 25, 2435-2442.
31. Wallace, J. M., and P. V. Hobbs, 1977: Atmospheric Science: An Introductory Survey. Academic Press, 467 pp.
32. Warren, S. G., C. J. Hahn, J. London, R. M. Chevin, and R. L. Jenne, 1988: Global distribution of total cloud cover and cloud type amounts over the ocean. NCAR/TN 317 + STR, NCAR, Boulder, CO, 212 pp.