The ethics of placebo-controlled trials in developing countries to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV

Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore

Volumn 29, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 557-562

  Williams, J N ^a  

^a SINGAPORE MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Autonomy; Consistency; Justice; Utility

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; PLACEBO; ZIDOVUDINE;

CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; JUSTICE; MEDICAL ETHICS; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PATIENT RIGHT; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; REVIEW; THAILAND; UGANDA; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION;

EID: 0033767751     PISSN: 03044602     EISSN: 29724066     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (10)

1. Connor E M, Sperling R S, Gelber R, Kiselev P, Scott G, O'Sullivan M J, et al. Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. N Engl J Med 1994; 331:1173-80.
2. Shaffer N, Chuachoowong R, Mock P A, Bhadrakom C, Siriwasin W, Young NL, et al. Short-course zidovudine forperinatal HIV-1 transmission in Bangkok, Thailand: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1999; 353:773-80.
3. Lurie P, Wolfe S M. Unethical trials of interventions to reduce perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in developing countries. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:853-6.
4. Angell M. The Ethics of Clinical Research in the Third World. N Engl J Med 1977; 337:847-9 [see also correspondence in N Engl J Med 1998; 338:836-44].
5. Angell M. The Ethics of Clinical Research in the Third World. N Engl J Med 1977; 337:847-9 [see also correspondence in N Engl J Med 1998; 338:836-44].
6. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. The Belmont Report. April 18, 1979.
7. st World Medical Assembly, Hong Kong, September 1989. In: Annas G J, Grodin M A, editors. The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992:339-42.
8. Wawer M J, Sewankambo N K, Serwadda D, Quinn T C, Paxton L A, Kiwanuka N, et al. Control of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS prevention in Uganda: a randomised community trial. Lancet 1999; 353:525-35.
9. Quinn T C, Wawer M J, Sewankambo N, Serwadda D, Li C, Wabwire-Mangen F, et al. Viral load and heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:921-9.
10. Phanuphak P. Ethical issues in studies in Thailand of the vertical transmission of HIV. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:834-5.