Modelling and characteristics of photoelastic waveguides in Si1-xGex/Si heterostructures

IEE Proceedings: Optoelectronics

Volumn 147, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 123-130

  Lea, E ^a   Weiss, B L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SURREY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIREFRINGENCE; CRYSTAL ORIENTATION; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; HETEROJUNCTIONS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PHOTOELASTICITY; REFRACTIVE INDEX; SEMICONDUCTING SILICON; SEMICONDUCTING SILICON COMPOUNDS; SILICON NITRIDE; STRAIN; THERMAL EXPANSION;

PHOTOELASTIC WAVEGUIDES; SILICON GERMANIDE;

OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES;

EID: 0033741907     PISSN: 13502433     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1049/ip-opt:20000281     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. SOREF, R. A. : 'Silicon-based optoelectronics', Proc. 1EE, 1993, 81, pp. 1687-1706
2. PESARCIK, S. F. , TREYZ, G. V, IYER, S. S. , and HALBOUT, J. M. : 'Silicon germanium optical waveguides with 0. 5 dB/cm losses for single mode fibre optic systems', Electron. Lett. , 1992, 28, pp. 159-160
3. SCHMIDTCHEN, J. , SCHUPPERT, B. , and PETERMANN, K. : 'Passive integrated-optical waveguide structures by Ge-diffusion in silicon', J. Lighhvave Technol, 1994, 12, pp. 842-848
4. LIU, H. , and FENG, Z. : 'The stresses and photoelastic effects in stripe geometry GaAs-Galas DH lasers with masked and sensitive thermal oxidation (MSTO) structure', IEEEJ. Quantum. Electron. , 1983,19, pp. 1016-1020
5. WESTBROOK, L. D. , ROBSON, P. N. , and MAJERFELD, A. : 'Straininduced optical waveguiding in GaAs epitaxial layers at 1. 15/im', Electron. Lett. , 1979, 15, pp. 99-100
6. BENSON, T. M. , MUROTANI, T. , ROBSON, P. N. , and HOUSTON, P. A. : 'A novel electro-optically controlled directional-coupler switch in GaAs epitaxial layers at 1. 15/im', IEEE Trans. Electron. De\ïces, 1982, ED-19, pp. 1477-1483
7. MACIEJKO, R. , GLINSKI, J. M. , CHAMPAGNE, A. , BERGER, J. , and SAMSON, L. : 'Photoelastic effects on the emission patterns of InGaAsP ridge-waveguide lasers', IEEEJ. Quantum Electron. , 1989,25, pp. 651661
8. KAM WA, P. L. : 'Intermixing of multiple quantum wells for all-optical integrated circuits', Opt. Quantum. Electron. , 1991, 23, pp. S925-S939
9. LEA, E. , and WEISS, B. L. : 'Photoelastic waveguuides in silicon', Electron. Lett. , 1996, 32, pp. 1577-1579
10. LEA, E. , and WEISS, B. L. : 'Characteristics of photoelastic waveguides in SiGe/Si heterostructures', Electron. Lett. , 1997, 33, pp. 292-293
11. ALMASHARY, B. A. , and HONG, K. K. : 'Stress-induced vertical confinement of light in bulk GaAs and Si substrates', IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. , 1996, 8, pp. 1358-1360
12. PEOPLE, R. , and JACKSON, S. A. : 'Indirect, quasidirect, and direct optical transitions in the pseudomorphic (4 x 4)-monoIayer SiGe strained-layer superlattice on Si(OOl)', Phys. Rev. B, Solid State, 1987, 36, pp. 1310-1313
13. YANG, Z. , WEISS, B. L. , SHAO, G. , and NAMAVAR, F. : 'The effects of composition on the spectral loss characteristics of SiGe planar waveguide structures', Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , 1993, 281, pp. 461-465
14. SAS IP, INC. ANSYS GUI help manual, ANSYS Release'. 1996, 5. 3
15. 1-x bulk alloys on <001> silicon substrates', Phys. Rev. B, Solid State, 1985,32, pp. 1405-140S
16. NYE, J. F. : 'Physical properties of crystals: their representation by tensors and matrices' (Oxford University Press, 1957)
17. 2 and plasma SiN5 films on GaAs and Si', J. Appl. Phys. , 1983, 54, pp. 5064-5068
18. STERN, M. S. : 'Semivectorial polarised finite difference method for optical waveguides with arbitrary index profiles', 1EE Proc. J, Optoelectron, 1988, 135, pp. 56-63
19. 1-x Al, As lasers', J. Appl. Phys. , 1979, 50, pp. 4567579
20. YU, L. S. , GUAN, Z. F. , LIU, Q. Z. , and LAU, S. S. : 'Silicon on insulator photoelastic optical waveguide and polarizer', Appl. Phys. Lett. , 1995, 66, pp. 2016-2018
21. BORNSTEIN, L. : 'Elastic, piezoelectric and related constants of crystals', in HELLWEGE, K. H. (Ed. ): 'Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology' vol. HI/11 (Springer-Verlae, Berlin, 1982)
22. EDWARDS, D. F. : 'Silicon (Si)', in PALIK, E. D. (Ed. ): 'Handbook of optical constants' (Academic Press, Inc. , 1985)
23. POTTER, R. F. : 'Germanium (Ge)', in PALIK, E. D. (Ed. ): 'Handbook of optical constants' (Academic Press, Inc. , 1985)
24. PIKUS, G. E. , and BIR, G. L. : 'Effect of deformation on the hole energy spectrum and the electrical properties of imperfect germanium and silicon1, Sov. Phys. - Solid State, 1959, 1, pp. 136-138
25. HERRING, C. , and VOGT, E. : 'Transport and deformation potential theory for many-valley semiconductors with anisotropic scattering', Phys. Rev. , 1956, 101, pp. 944-961
26. BALSLEV, I. : 'Influence of uniaxial stress on the indirect absorption edge in silicon and germanium', Phys. Rev. , 1966, 143, pp. 636-647
27. POLLAK, F. H. , and CARDONA, M. : 'Piezo-electroreflectance in Ge, GaAs and Si', Phys. Rev. , 1968, 172, pp. 816-837
28. VAN DE WALLE, C. G. : 'Band lineups and deformation potentials in the model-solid theory', Phys. Rev. B, 1989, 39, pp. 1871-1883
29. SCHMID, U, CHRISTENSEN, N. E. , and CARDONA, M. : 'Calculated deformation potentials in Si, Ge and GeSi', Solid Stale Commun. , I990, 75, pp. 39-43
30. CHANDRASEKHAR, M. , and POLLAK, F. H. : 'Effects of uniaxial stress on the electroreflectance spectrum of Ge and GaAs', Phys. Rev. B, 1977, 15, pp. 2127-2144
31. ZALLEN, R. , and PAUL, W: 'Effect of pressure on interband reflectivity spectra of germanium and related semiconductors', Phys. Rev. , 1967, 155, pp. 703-711
32. GERHARDT, U. : 'Das Reflexionsvermogen von Germanium- und Silizium-Einkristallen bei elastischer Deformation', Phys. Status Solid, 1965, 11, pp. 801-818
33. GOROFF, L, and KLEINMANN, L. : 'Deformation potentials in silicon. III. Effects of a general strain on conduction and valence levels', Phys. Rev. , 1963, 132, pp. 1080-1084
34. SARAVIA, L. R. , and BRUST, D. : 'Strain-split energy bands in semiconductors: Ge', Phys. Rev. , 1969, 178, pp. 1240-1243
35. PANKOVE, J. I. : 'Optical processes in semiconductors' (Dover Publications, Inc. , 1975)