TiltRotor Aeroacoustic Code (TRAC) predictions and comparison with measurements

Journal of the American Helicopter Society

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 80-89

  Burley, Casey L ^a   Brooks, Thomas F ^a   Marcolini, Michael M ^a   Brand, Albert G ^b   Conner, David A ^a  

^a NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^b BELL HELICOPTER TEXTRON INC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC NOISE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FLUID STRUCTURE INTERACTION; VORTEX FLOW; WAKES;

SOFTWARE PACKAGE CAMRAD; SOFTWARE PACKAGE HIRES; SOFTWARE PACKAGE WOPWOP; TILTROTOR AIRCRAFTS;

VTOL/STOL AIRCRAFT;

EID: 0033699373     PISSN: 00028711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4050/jahs.45.80     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. George, A. R., Smith, C. A., Maisel, M. D., and Brieger, J. T., "Tilt Rotor Aircraft Aeroacoustics," American Helicopter Society 45th Annual Forum, Boston, MA, May 22-24, 1989.
2. Lee, A. and Mosher, M., "An Acoustical Study of the XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft," AIAA Paper No. 79-0612, 1979.
3. Maisel, M. and Harris, D., "Hover Tests of the XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft," AIAA Paper No. 81-2501, 1981.
4. Conner, D. A. and Wellman, J. B., "Hover Acoustic Characteristics of the XV-15 with Advanced Technology Blades," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 31, No. 4, July-August 1994.
5. Brieger, J. T., Maisel, M. D., and Gerdes, R., "External Noise Evaluation of the XV-15 Tilt Rotor Aircraft," American Helicopter Society National Technical Specialists' Meeting on Aerodynamics and Aeroacoustics, Arlington, TX, February 25-27, 1987.
6. Edwards, B. D., "XV-15 Tiltrotor Aircraft Noise Characteristics,American Helicopter Society 46th Annual Forum, Washington, D.C., May 21-23, 1990.
7. Marcolini, M. A., Conner, D. A., Brieger, J. T., Becker, L. E., and Smith, C. D., "Noise Characteristics of a Model Tiltrotor," American Helicopter Society 51st Annual Forum Proceedings, Fort Worth, TX, May 9-11, 1995, pp. 1217-1226.
8. Schultz, K.-J. and Splettstoesser, W. R., "Prediction of Helicopter Rotor Impulsive Noise Using Measured Blade Pressures," American Helicopter Society 43rd Annual Forum, St. Louis, MO, May 18-20, 1987.
9. Visintainer, J. A., Burley, C. L., Marcolini, M. A., and Liu, S. R., "Acoustic Predictions Using Measured Pressures from a Model Rotor in the DNW," American Helicopter Society 47th Annual Forum Proceedings, Phoenix, AZ, May 6-9, 1991, pp. 791-806.
10. Gallman, J. M., "The Validation and Application of a Rotor Acoustic Prediction Computer Program," Army Science Conference, Durham, NC, June 12-15, 1990.
11. Hassan, A. A., Tadghighi, H., and Charles, B. D., "Aerodynamics and Acoustics of Three-Dimensional Blade-Vortex Interactions," NASA CR 182026, July 1990.
12. Beaumier, P., Prieur, J., Rahier, G., Spiegel, P., Demargne, A., Tung, C., Gallman, J., Yu, Y. H., Kube, R., Van der Wall, B. G., Schultz, K.-J., Splettstoesser, W., Brooks, T. F., Burley, C. L., and Boyd, D. D., "Effect of Higher Harmonic Control on Helicopter Rotor Blade-Vortex Interaction Noise: Prediction and Initial Validation," AGARD CP552, Symposium on Aerodynamics and Aeroacoustics of Rotorcraft, Berlin, Germany, October 1994.
13. Tung, C., Gallman, J. M., Kube, R., Wagner, W., Van der Wall, B. G., Brooks, T. F., Burley, C. L., Boyd, D. D., Rahier, G., and Beaumier, P., "Prediction and Measurement of Blade-Vortex Interaction Loading," 1st Joint CEAS/AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference, Munich, Germany, June 1995.
14. Gallman, J. M., Tung, C., Schultz, K. J., Splettstoesser, W., Buchholz, H., Spiegel, P., Burley, C. L., Brooks, T. F., and Boyd, D. D., "Effect of Wake Structure on Blade-Vortex Interaction Phenomena: Acoustic Prediction and Validation," 1st Joint CEAS/AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference, Munich, Germany, June 1995.
15. Beaumier, P. and Spiegel, P., "Validation of ONERA Aeroacoustic Prediction Methods for Blade-Vortex Interaction Using HART Tests Results," American Helicopter Society 51st Annual Forum Proceedings, Fort Worth, TX, May 9-11, 1995, pp. 509-524.
16. Brooks, T. F., Boyd, D. D., Burley, C. L, and Jolly, R. J., "Aeroacoustic Codes for Rotor Harmonic and BVI Noise-CAMRAD.Mod1/HIRES," AIAA Paper No. 96-1735, 1996.
17. Johnson, W., "A Comprehensive Analytical Model of Rotorcraft Aerodynamics and Dynamics," NASA TM 81182, June 1980.
18. Prichard, D. S., Boyd, D. D., and Burley, C. L., "NASA/Langley's CFD-Based BVI Rotor Noise Prediction System: (ROTONET/FPRBVI) An Introduction and User's Guide," NASA TM 109147, November 1994.
19. Strawn, R. C. and Caradonna, F. X., "A Conservative Full-Potential Model for Unsteady Transonic Rotor Flow," AIAA Journal, Vol. 25, No. 2, February 1987.
20. Bridgeman, J. O., Steger, J. L., and Caradonna, F. X., "A Conservative Finite-Difference Algorithm for the Unsteady Transonic Potential Equation in Generalized Coordinates," AIAA Paper 82-1388, August 1982.
21. Farassat, F. and Myers, M. K., "Extension of Kirchhoff's Formula To Radiation from Moving Surfaces," Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 123, No. 3, 1988, pp. 451-461.
22. Brentner, K. S., Lyrintzis, A. S., and Koutsavdis, E. K., "A Comparison of Computational Aeroacoustic Prediction Methods for Transonic Rotor Noise," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum, Washington, D.C., June 4-6, 1996.
23. Farassat, F., "Quadrupole Source in Prediction of Noise of Rotating Blades - A New Source Description," AIAA Paper 87-2675, 1987.
24. Brentner, K. S. and Holland, P. C., "An Efficient and Robust Method for Computing Quadrupole Noise," American Helicopter Society 2nd International Aeromechanics Specialists' Meeting, Bridgeport, CT, October 11-13, 1995.
25. Brentner, K. S. "An Efficient and Robust Method for Predicting Helicopter Rotor High-Speed Impulsive Noise," AIAA Paper 96-0151, 1996.
26. Beddoes, T. S., "Two and Three Dimensional Indicial Methods for Rotor Dynamic Airloads," American Helicopter Society National Specialists' Meeting on Rotorcraft Dynamics, Arlington, TX, November 13-14, 1989.
27. Beddoes, T. S., "A Near Wake Dynamic Model," American Helicopter Society National Specialists' Meeting on Aerodynamics and Aeroacoustics, Arlington, TX, February 25-27, 1987.
28. Brentner, K. S., "Prediction of Helicopter Rotor Discrete Frequency Noise," NASA TM 87721, October 1986.
29. Splettstoesser, W. R., Kube, R., Seelhorst, U., Wagner, W., Boutier, A., Micheli, F., Mercker, E., and Pengel, K., "Key Results from a Higher Harmonic Control Aeroacoustic Rotor Test (HART) in the German-Dutch Wind Tunnel," Twenty First European Rotorcraft Forum, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, August 30-September 1, 1995.
30. Johnson, W., "An Assessment of the Capability to Calculate Tilting Prop-Rotor Aircraft Performance, Loads, and Stability," NASA TP 2291, March 1984.
31. Johnson, W., "A Calculation of Blade-Vortex Interaction Airloads on Helicopter Rotors," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 5, 1988.
32. Brooks, T. F. and Burley, C. L., "A Wind Tunnel Wall Correction Model for Rotors in Open, Closed, and Partially Open Rectangular Test Sections," NASA TM 96-207640, August 1996.
33. Langer, H.-J., Peterson, R. L., and Maier, T. H., "An Experimental Evaluation of Wind Tunnel Wall Correction Methods for Helicopter Performance," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, D.C., June 4-6, 1996, pp. 1451-1474.
34. Batra, N. N., Marr, R. L., and Joglekar, M. M., "AGeneric Simulation Model for Tiltrotor Aircraft," Bell Boeing Technical Report 901-985-002, Rev C., December 1988.
35. Burley, C. L., Marcolini, M. A., Brooks, T. F., Brand, A. G., Conner, D. A., "Tiltrotor Aeroacoustic Code (TRAC) Predictions and Comparison with Measurements," American Helicopter Society 52nd Annual Forum, Washington, D.C., June 4-6, 1996.