Radiocarbon in the Arabian Sea water column: Temporal variations in bomb 14C inventory since the GEOSECS and CO2 air-sea exchange rates

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans

Volumn 105, Issue C6, 2000, Pages 14273-14282

  Bhushan, R ^a   Somayajulu, B L K ^a   Chakraborty, S ^a   Krishnaswami, S ^a  

^a PHYSICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON ISOTOPE;

ARABIAN SEA;

EID: 0033669836     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699291     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000jc000255     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Banse, R., Irregular flow of Persian (Arabian) Gulf water to the Arabian Sea, J. Mar. Res., 55, 1049-1067, 1997.
2. Bard, E., M. Arnold, H. G. Ostlund, P. Maurice, P. Monfray, and J. C. Duplessy, Penetration of bomb radiocarbon in the tropical Indian Ocean measured by means of accelerator mass spectrometry, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 87, 379-389, 1988.
3. 14C in the Indian Ocean measured by accelerator mass spectrometry: Oceanographic implications, Radiocarbon, 31, 510-522, 1989.
4. Bhushan, R., S. Chakraborty, and S. Krishnaswami, Physical Research Laboratory (Chemistry) Radiocarbon date list-1, Radiocarbon, 36, 251-256, 1994.
5. 14C in air over the Arabian Sea, Curr. Sci., 73, 273-276, 1997.
6. Bien, G. S., N. W. Rakestraw, and H. E. Suess, Radiocarbon concentrations in Pacific Ocean waters, Tellus, 12, 436-443, 1960.
7. Broecker, W. S., and T-H. Peng, Stratospheric contribution to global bomb radiocarbon inventory: Model versus observation, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 8, 377-384, 1994.
8. Broecker, W. S., M. Ewing, and B. C. Heezen, Natural radiocarbon in the Atlantic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 65, 2903-2931, 1960.
9. Broecker, W. S., T-H. Peng, H. G. Ostlund, and M. Stuiver, The distribution of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 6953-6970, 1985.
10. Broecker, W. S., S. Sutherland, W. Smethie, and T-H. Peng, Oceanic radiocarbon : Separation of natural and bomb components, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 9, 263-288, 1995.
11. Chakraborty, S., Environmental significance of isotope and trace elemental variations in banded corals, Ph.D thesis, 141 pp., Maharaja Sayajirao Univ., Baroda, India, 1993.
12. 2 in the Gulf of Kutch, northern Arabian Sea based on bomb-carbon in corals and tree rings, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., 103, 329-340, 1994.
13. Esbensen, S. K., and Y. Kushnir, The heat budget of the global ocean: An atlas based on estimates from surface marine observations, Rep. 29, Clim. Res. Inst., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, 1981.
14. Fonselius, S., and H. G. Ostlund, Natural radiocarbon measurements on surface water from the north Atlantic and the Arctic Sea, Tellus, 11, 79-82, 1959.
15. George, M. D., M. D. Kumar, S. W. A. Naqvi, S. Banerjee, P. V. Narvekar, S. N. deSousa, and D. A. Jayakumar, A study of the carbon dioxide system in the northern Indian Ocean during premonsoon, Mar. Chem., 47, 243-254, 1994
16. 2 in surface waters of the Arabian Sea in 1995, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 45, 609-623, 1998.
17. Krishnaswami, S., and R. R. Nair, editors, JGOFS (INDIA), Curr. Sci., 71, 831-905, 1996.
18. Lal, D. (Ed.), Biogeochemistry of Arabian Sea, Ind. Acad. Sci., 103, 254 pp., 1994.
19. 2 observations at Schauinsland station, Germany, Radiocarbon, 39, 205-218, 1997.
20. 2 fields in the India Ocean, Mar. Chem., 55, 265-279, 1996.
21. Madhupratap, M., S. Prasanna Kumar, P. M. A. Bhattathiri, M. Dileep Kumar, S. Raghukumar, K. K. C. Nair, and N. Ramaiah, Mechanism of biological response to winter cooling in the northeastern Arabian Sea, Nature, 384, 549-552, 1996.
22. Mantyla, A. W., and J. L. Reid, On the origins of deep and bottom waters of the Indian Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 2417-2439, 1995.
23. Morrison, J. M., Inter-monsoonal change in the T-S properties of the mean surface waters of the northern Arabian Sea, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 2553-2556, 1997.
24. Naqvi, S. W. A., Geographical extent of denitrification in the Arabian Sea in relation to some physical processes, Oceanol. Acta, 14, 281-290, 1991.
25. 14C as a tracer in the atmosphere and ocean, Radiocarbon, 38, 389-406, 1997.
26. 14C in the atmosphere 1962-1980, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 3621-3642, 1983.
27. 2 from Northern and Southern Hemispheric sites, 1962-1993, Rep. NDP-057, Carbon Dioxide Inf. Anal. Cent., Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Oak Ridge, Tenn., 1996.
28. Ostlund, H. G., and M. Stuiver, GEOSECS Pacific radiocarbon, Radiocarbon, 22, 25-53, 1980.
29. Ostlund, H. G., R. Oleson, and R. Brescher, GEOSECS Indian Ocean radiocarbon and tritium results (Miami), Tritium Lab Data Rep. 9, Univ. of Miami, Miami, Florida, 1980.
30. Peng, T.-H., R. M. Key, and H. G. Ostlund, Temporal variations of bomb radiocarbon inventory in the Pacific Ocean, Mar. Chem., 60, 3-13, 1998.
31. Prasanna Kumar, S., and T. G. Prasad, Formation and spreading of Arabian Sea high-salinity water mass, J. Geophys Res., 104, 1455-1464, 1999.
32. Qasim, S. Z., Biological productivity of the Indian Ocean, Indian J. Mar. Sci., 6, 122-137, 1977.
33. Qasim, S. Z., Oceanography of the northern Arabian Sea, Deep Sea Res., Part A, 29, 1041-1068, 1982.
34. 14C content of the atmosphere, biosphere and surface waters of the oceans, N.Z. J. Sci. Technol., 38, 871-883, 1957.
35. Rhein, M., L. Stramma, and O. Plahn, Tracer signals of the intermediate layers of the Arabian Sea, Geophy. Res. Lett., 24, 2561-2564, 1997.
36. Sarma, V. V. S., M. D. Kumar, and M. D. George, The central and eastern Arabian Sea as a perennial source of atmospheric carbon dioxide, Tellus, Sec. B. 50, 179-184, 1998.
37. Shetye, S. R., A. D. Gouveia, and S. S. C. Shenoi, Circulation and water masses in the Arabian Sea, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., 103, 107-123, 1994.
38. Smith, S. (Ed.), The 1994-1996 Arabian Sea experiments: Oceanic response to monsoonal forcing, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 45, pp. 1905-2501 1998.
39. 14C distribution in the Atlantic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 2711-2718, 1980.
40. Stuiver, M., and H. G. Ostlund, GEOSECS Atlantic radiocarbon, Radiocarbon, 22, 1-24, 1980.
41. Stuiver, M., and H. G. Ostlund, GEOSECS Indian Ocean and Mediterranean radiocarbon, Radiocarbon, 25, 1-29, 1983.
42. Takahashi, T., The carbon dioxide puzzle, Oceanus, 32, 22-29, 1989.
43. 2 difference, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U. S. A., 94, 8292-8299, 1997.
44. Toggweiler, J. R., K. Dixon, and K. Bryan, Simulations of radiocarbon in a coarse-resolution world ocean model, 1, Steady state prebomb distributions, J. Geophy. Res, 94, 8217-8242, 1989a.
45. Toggweiler, J. R., K. Dixon, and K. Bryan, Simulations of radiocarbon in a coarse-resolution world ocean model, 2, Distributions of bomb-produced carbon-14, J. Geophy. Res, 94, 8242-8266, 1989b.
46. Wanninkohf, R., Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7373-7382, 1992.
47. Wanninkohf, R., J. R. Ledwell, and W. S. Broecker, Gas exchange-wind speed relation measured with sulphur hexaflouride on a lake, Science, 227, 1224-1226, 1985.
48. Warren, B. A., Trans-Indian hydrographic section at lat. 18° S: Proposed distributions and circulation in the South Indian Ocean, Deep Sea Res., Part A, 28, 759-788, 1981.
49. Warren, B.A., Circulation of the north Indian deep water in the Arabian Sea, Oceanography of the Indian Ocean, edited by B. N. Desai, pp. 575-582, Oxford Univ. Press, New Delhi, 1992.
50. Wyrtki, K., Oceanographic Atlas of the International Indian Ocean Expedition, 531 pp., Natl. Sci. Found., Washington, D. C., 1971.
51. You, Y., Seasonal variations of thermocline circulation and ventilation in the Indian Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10,391-10,422, 1997.