Photochemical synthesis in formamide and room-temperature Coulomb staircase behavior of size-controlled gold nanoparticles

Langmuir

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 362-367

  Han, M Y ^a   Quek, C H ^b  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALDEHYDES; COLLOIDS; DISSOCIATION; FREE RADICALS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; PARTICLES (PARTICULATE MATTER); PHOTOSYNTHESIS; REDUCTION; VINYL RESINS;

FORMAMIDE; NANOPARTICLES; PHOTOREDUCTION;

GOLD;

EID: 0033639925     PISSN: 07437463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/la990406t     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. (a) Henglein, A. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1861.
2. (b) Schmid, G. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 1709.
3. (c) Schmid, G. Clusters and Colloids; VCH: Weinheim, 1994.
4. Lewis, L. N. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2693.
5. (a) Kreibig, U.; Vollmer, M. Optical Properties of Metal Clusters; Springer: Verlag: 1995.
6. (b) Freeman, R. G.; Grabar, K. C.; Allison, K. J.; Bright, R. M.; Davis, J. A.; Guthrie, A. P.; Hommer, M. B.; Jackson, M. A.; Smith, P. C.; Walter, D. G.; Natan, M. J. Science 1995, 267, 1629.
7. (a) Andres, R. P.; Bein, T.; Dorogi, M.; Feng, S.; Henderson, J. I.; Kubiak, C. P.; Mahoney, W.; Osifchin, R. G.; Reifenberger, R. Science 1996, 272, 1323.
8. (b) Fan, F. R. F.; Bard, A. J. Science 1997, 277, 1791.
9. (c) Klein, D. L.; McEuen, P. L.; Katari, J. E.; Roth, R.; Alivisatos, A. P. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 2574.
10. (a) Shi, J.; Gider, S.; Babcock, K.; Awschalom, D. D. Science 1996, 271, 937.
11. (b) Hehn, M.; Ounadjela, K.; Bucher, J.-P.; Rousseaux, F.; Decanini, D.; Bartenlian, B.; Chappert, C. Science 1996, 272, 1782.
12. (c) Suslick, K. S.; Fang, M.; Hyeon, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11960.
13. (a) Ahmadi, T. S.; Wang, Z. L.; Green, T. C.; Henglein, A.; El-Sayed, M. A. Science 1996, 272, 1924.
14. (b) Curtis, A. C.; Duff, D. G.; Edwards, P. P.; Jefferson, D. A.; Johnson, B. F. G.; Kirkland, A. I.; Wallace, A. S. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1988, 27, 1530.
15. Turkevich, J.; Stevenson, P. C.; Hillier, J. Discuss. Faraday Soc. 1951, 11, 55. Frens, G. Nature Phys. Sci. 1973, 241, 20.
16. Turkevich, J.; Stevenson, P. C.; Hillier, J. Discuss. Faraday Soc. 1951, 11, 55. Frens, G. Nature Phys. Sci. 1973, 241, 20.
17. (a) Itakura, T.; Torigoe, K.; Esumi, K. Langmuir 1995, 11, 4129.
18. (b) Weaver, S.; Marignier, J. L.; Belloni, J.; Delcourt, M. O.; Chevalier, J. P. Nature 1985, 317, 344.
19. (c) Yonezawa, Y.; Sato, T.; Kuroda, S. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday, Trans. 1991, 87, 1905.
20. Reetz, M. T.; Helbig, W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 7401.
21. Brust, M.; Walker, M.; Bethell, D.; Schiffrin, D. J.; Whyman, R. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1994, 801.
22. (a) Sarathy, K. V.; Raina, G.; Yadav, R. T.; Kulkarni, G. U.; Rao C. N. R. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 9876.
23. (b) Manna; A.; Kulkarni, B. D.; Bandyopadhyay, K.; Vijayamohanan, K. Chem. Mater. 1997, 9, 3032.
24. (a) Johnson, S. R.; Evans, S. D.; Brydson, R. Langmuir 1998, 14, 6639.
25. (b) Alvarez, M. M.; Khoury, J. T.; Schaaff, T. G.; Shafigullin M. N.; Vezmar, I.; Whetten, R. L. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 3706.
26. (a) Zamudio, W.; Carcia, A. M.; Baraona, R. Transition Met. Chem. 1995, 20, 518.
27. (b) Belevantsev, V. I.; Kolonin, G. R.; Ryakhovskaya, S. K. Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 1972, 17, 1303.
28. (a) Siiman, O.; Hsu, W. P. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday trans. 1, 1986, 82, 851.
29. (b) Quinn, M.; Mills G. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 9840.
30. (c) Torigoe, K.; Esumi, K. Langmuir 1992, 8, 59.
31. - was observed by immediately recording the absorption spectra of the formamide solution in the quartz cell.
32. Nagel, Y.; Beck, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1985, 529, 57.
33. (a) Yonezawa, Y.; Sato, T.; Ohno, M.; Hada, H. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1987, 83, 1559.
34. (b) Kurihara, K.; Kizling, J.; Stenius, P.; Fendler, J. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 2574.
35. (a) Livingston, R.; Zeldes, H. J. Chem. Phys. 1967, 47, 4173.
36. (b) Hayon, E.; Ibata, T.; Lichtin, N. N.; Simic, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 3898.
37. (c) Elad, D.; Friedman, G. J. Chem. Soc. C 1970, 893.
38. (d) Rokach, J.; Elad, D. J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 4210.
39. (a) Sato, T.; Maeda, N.; Ohkoshi, H.; Yonezawa, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1994, 67, 3165.
40. (b) Esumi, K.; Wakabayashi, M.; Torigoe, K. Colloids Surf. A 1996, 109, 55.
41. Satoh, N.; Hasegawa, H.; Tsujii, K. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 2143.
42. Wilcoxon, J. P.; Williamson, R. L.; Baughman, R. J. Phys. Chem. B 1993, 98, 9933.
43. Underwood, S.; Mulvaney, P. Langmuir 1994, 10, 3427.
44. (a) Graber, H.; Devoret, M. H. Single Charge Tunneling, Coulomb Blockade Pheomena in Nanostructures; NATO ASI Series B, Vol. 294; Plenum: New York, 1992.
45. (b) Korotkov, A. N. Molecular Electronics; Blackwell Science Ltd: Malden, MA, 1997.
46. - in the nonaqueously or aqueously grown gold colloid can be removed in the form of HCl in acidic environment by drying a drop of the colloid on HOPG substrate.
47. Reetz, M. T.; Helbig, W.; Quaiser, S. A.; Stimming, U.; Breuer N.; Vogel, R. Science 1995, 267, 367.
48. Yau, S. T.; Mulvaney, P.; Xu, W.; Spinks, G. M. Phys. Rev. B 1998, 57, R15124.