Changes in the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) after mild and severe focal cerebral ischemia

Chinese Journal of Physiology

Volumn 42, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 227-235

  Cheung, Wai Mui ^a   Wang, Chien Kai ^a   Kuo, Jon Son ^b   Lin, Teng Nan ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES   (Taiwan)

^b TAICHUNG VETERANS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Astrocyte; Gene expression; Gliosis; Rats; Stroke

Indexed keywords

GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; ASTROCYTE; BRAIN; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHEMISTRY; CYTOLOGY; DISEASE MODEL; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETICS; GLIOSIS; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; LONG EVANS RAT; MALE; METABOLISM; NORTHERN BLOTTING; PHYSIOLOGY; RAT; REPERFUSION INJURY; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;

ANIMALS; ASTROCYTES; BLOTTING, NORTHERN; BRAIN; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; GENE EXPRESSION; GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; GLIOSIS; IMMUNOENZYME TECHNIQUES; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; MALE; RATS; RATS, LONG-EVANS; REPERFUSION INJURY; RNA, MESSENGER;

EID: 0033621307     PISSN: 03044920     EISSN: 26660059     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Aldskogius, H. and Kozlova, E.N. Central neuron-glial and glial-glial interactions following axon injury. Prog. in Neurobiol. 55: 1-26, 1998.
2. Akins, P.T., Liu, P.K. and Hsu, C.Y. Immediate early gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia: friend or foe? Stroke, 27: 1682-1687, 1996.
3. An, G., Lin, T.N., Liu, J.S., Xue, J.J., He, Y.Y. and Hsu, C.Y. Expression of c-fos and c-jun family genes after focal cerebral ischemia. Ann. Neurol. 33: 457-464, 1993.
4. Bergman, B.S., Kunkel, B.E., Schnell, L., Dai, H.N., Gao, D. and Schwab, M.E. Recovery from spinal cord injury mediated by antibodies to neurite growth inhibitors. Nature, 378: 498-501, 1995.
5. Cavanagh, J.B. The proliferation of astrocytes around a needle wound in the rat brain. J. Anat. 106: 471-484, 1970.
6. Chen, H., Chopp, M., Schultz, L., Bodzin, G. and Garcia, J.H. Sequential neuronal and astrocytic changes after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. J. Neurol. Sci. 118: 109-116, 1993.
7. Chen, S.T., Hsu, C.Y., Hogan, E.L., Macriq, H. and Balentine, J.D. A model of focal ischemic stroke in the rat: reproducible extensive cortical infarction. Stroke, 17: 738-743, 1986.
8. Condorelli, D.F., Dell'Albani, P., Kaczmarek, L., Messina, L., Spampinato, G., Avola, R., Messina, A. and Giuffrida Stella, A.M. Glial fibrillary acidic protein messenger RNA and glutamine synthetase activity after nervous system injury. J. Neurosci. Res. 26: 251-257, 1990.
9. Cotman, C.W. and Nieto-Sampedro, M. Cell biology of synaptic plasticity. Science, 225: 1287-1293, 1984.
10. Du, C., Hu, R., Csernansky, C.A., Hsu, C.Y. and Choi, D.W. Very delayed infarction after mild focal cerebral ischemia: a role for apoptosis. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 16: 195-201, 1996.
11. Eng, L.F. Experimental models for astrocyte activation and fibrous gliosis. In Althans HH, Sdifert W (eds) "Glial-Neuronal Communication in Development and Regeneration" NATO Asi Series H: Cell Biology, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987, pp. 27-40.
12. Gomi, H., Yokoyama. T., Fujimoto, K., Ikeda, T., Katoh, A., Itoh, T. and Itohara, S. Mice devoid of the glial fibrillary acidic protein develop normally and are susceptible to scrapie prions. Neuron, 14: 29-41, 1995.
13. Huang, A.M. and Lee, E.H. Y. Identification of a novel glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA isotype related to memory retention in rats. NeuroReport, 8: 1619-1924, 1997.
14. Iizuka, H., Sakatani, K. and Young, W. Neural damage in the rat thalamus after cortical infarcts. Stroke, 21: 790-794, 1990.
15. Kindy, M.S., Bhat, A.N. and Bhat, N.R. Transient ischemia stimulates glial fibrillary acid protein and vimentin gene expression in the gerbil neocortex, striatum and hippocampus. Mol. Brain Res. 13: 199-206, 1992.
16. Kinoshita, A., Yamada, K., Kohmura, E. and Hayakawa, T. Effect of astrocyte-derived factors on ischemic brain edema induced by rat MCA occlusion. APMIS, 98: 851-857, 1990.
17. Kraig, R.P., Dong, L., Thisted, R. and Jaeger, C.B. Spreading depression increases immunohistochemical staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein. J. Neurosci. 11: 2187-2198, 1991.
18. Landry, C.F., Ivy, G.O. and Brown, I.R. Developmental expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA in the rat brain analyzed by in situ hybridization. J. Neurosci. Res. 25: 194-203, 1990.
19. Lewis, S.A., Balcarek, J.M., Krek, V., Shelanski, M. and Cowan, N. J. Sequence of a cDNA encoding mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein: structural conservation of intermediate filaments. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 2743-46, 1984.
20. Li, Y., Chopp, M., Zhang, Z.G. and Zhang, R.L. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in areas of focal cerebral ischemia accompanies neuronal expression of 72-kDa heat shock protein. J. Neurol. Sci. 128: 134-142, 1995.
21. Liedtke, W., Edelmann, W., Chiu, F.C., Kucherlapati, R. and Raine, C.S. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice lacking glial fibrillary acidic protein is characterized by a more severe clinical course and an infiltrative central nervous system lesion. Am. J. Pathol. 152: 251-259, 1998.
22. Lin, T.N., Chen, J.J., Wang, S.J., Cheng, J.T., Chi, S.I., Shyu, A.B., Sun, G.Y. and Hsu, C.Y. Expression of NGFI-B mRNA in a rat focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. Mol. Brain Res. 43: 149-156, 1996.
23. Lin, T.N., He, Y.Y., Wu, G., Khan, M. and Hsu, C.Y. Effect of brain edema on infarct volume in a focal cerebral schema model in rats. Stroke, 24: 117-121, 1993.
24. Lin, T.N., Te, J., Huang, H.C., Chi, S.I. and Hsu, C.Y. Prolongation and enhancement of postischemic c-fos expression after fasting. Stroke, 28: 412-418, 1997.
25. Lin, T.N., Te, J., Lee, M., Sun, G.Y. and Hsu, C.Y. Induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression following focal cerebral ischemia. Mol. Brain Res. 49: 255-265, 1997.
26. Lin, T.N., Wang, P.Y., Chi, S.I. and Kuo, J.S. Differential regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and CNTF receptor α (CNTFRα) expression following focal cerebral ischemia. Mol. Brain Res. 55: 71-80, 1998.
27. Lin, T.N., Wong, Y.P., Chen, J.J., Cheng, J.T., Yu, S.F., Sun, S.H., Chi, S.I. and Chai, C.Y. Elevated basic fibroblast growth factor levels in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Neuroscience, 76:557-570, 1997.
28. Liu, T.H., Beskman, J.S., Freeman, B.A., Hogan, E.L. and Hsu, C. Y. Polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase and catalase reduce ischemic brain injury. Am. J. Physiol., 256: 589-593, 1989.
29. Malloch, G.D.A., Clark, J.B. and Burnet, F.R. Glial fibrillary acidic protein in the cytoskeletal and soluble protein fractions of the developing rat brain. J. Neurochem. 48: 299-306, 1987.
30. Mathewson, A.J. and Berry, M. Observations on the astrocyte response to a cerebral stab wound in adult rats. Brain Res. 327: 61-69, 1985.
31. Morgan, J.I. and Curran, T. Stimulus-transcription coupling in the nervous system: involvement of the inducible proto-oncogenes fos and jun. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 14: 421-451, 1991.
32. Nathaniel, E.J.H. and Nathaniel, D.R. The reactive astrocyte. Adv. Cell Neurobiol. 2: 249-301, 1981.
33. Nawashiro, H., Messing, A., Azzam, N. and Brenner, M. Mice lacking GFAP are hypersensitive to traumatic cerebrospinal injury. Neuroreport, 9: 1691-1696, 1998.
34. Norton, W.T., Aquino, D.A., Hozumi, I., Chiu, F.C. and Brosnan, C.F. Quantitative aspects of reactive gliosis: a review. Neurochem. Res. 17: 877-885, 1992.
35. Pekny, M., Leven, P., Pekna, M., Eliasson, C., Berthod, C.H., Westermark, B. and Betsholtz, C. Mice lacking glial fibrillary acidic protein display astrocytes devoid of intermediate filaments but develop and reproduce normally. EMBO J. 14: 1590-1598, 1995.
36. Petito, C.K. and Babiak. T. Early proliferative changes in astrocytes in post-ischemic noninfarcted rat brain. Ann. Neurol. 11: 510-518, 1982.
37. Petito, C.K., Morgello, S., Felix, J.C. and Lesser, M.L. The two patterns of reactive astrocytes in postischemic rat brain. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 10: 850-859, 1990.
38. Reier, P.J., Eng, L.F. and Jakeman, L. Reactive astrocyte and axonal outgrowth in the injured CNS: Is gliosis really an impediment to regeneration. In Seil, FJ. (ed): "Neural regeneration and transplantation" New York: Alan R. Liss Inc., 1989, pp. 183-209.
39. Ridet, J.L., Malhotra, S.K., Privat, A. and Gage, F.H. Reactive astrocytes: cellular and molecular cues to biological function. Trends Neurosci. 20: 570-577, 1997.
40. Salminen, A., Liu, P.K. and Hsu, C.Y. Alteration of transcription factor binding activities in the ischemic rat brain. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commu. 212: 939-944, 1995.
41. Schwab, M.E. Myelin-associated inhibitors of neurite growth. Exp. Neurol. 109:2-5, 1990.
42. Sharp, F.R. The sense of antisense fos oligonucleotides. Ann. Neurol. 36: 555-556, 1994.
43. Valentim, L.M., Michalowski, B.C., Gottardo, S.P., Pedroso, L., Gestrich, L.G., Netto, C.A., Salbego, C.G. and Rodnight, R. Effects of transient cerebral ischemia on glial fibrillary acidic acid protein phosphorylation and immunocontent in rat hippocampus. Neuroscience, 91: 1291-1297, 1999.
44. Van der Kooy D., Koda L.Y., McGinty J.F., Gerfen C.R. and Bloom F.E. The organization of projections from cortex, amygdala, and hypothalamus to the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 224: 1-24, 1984.
45. Vijayan, V.K., Lee, Y.L. and Eng, L.F. Increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein following neural trauma. Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. 13: 107-118, 1990.
46. Wu, V.W. and Schwartz, J.P. Cell culture models for reactive gliosis: new perspectives. J. Neurosci. Res. 51: 675-681, 1998.
47. Yamashita, K., Vogel, P., Fritze, K., Back, T., Hossmann, K.A. and Wiessner, C. Monitoring the temporal and spatial activation pattern of astrocytes in focal cerebral ischemia using in situ hybridization to GFAP mRNA: comparison with sgp-2 and hsp70 mRNA and the effect of glutamate receptor antagonists. Brain Res. 735: 285-297, 1996.