Structure and dynamics of the pelagic microbial food web of the Subtropical Convergence region east of New Zealand

Aquatic Microbial Ecology

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 95-105

  Hall, J A ^a   James, M R ^a   Bradford Grieve, J M ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER AND ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Grazing; Microbial food web; Microzooplankton; Subtropical Convergence

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033619816     PISSN: 09483055     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3354/ame020095     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Atkinson A (1996) Subantarctic copepods in an oceanic, low chlorophyll environment: ciliate predation, food selectivity and impact on prey populations. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 130: 85-96
2. Azam F, Fenchel T, Field JG, Gray JS, Meyer-Reil LA, Thingstad F (1983) The ecological role of water-column microbes in the sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 10:257-263
3. Azam F, Smith DC, Hollibaugh JT (1991) The role of the microbial loop in Antarctic pelagic ecosystems. Polar Res 10:239-243
4. Banse K (1996) Low seasonally of low concentrations of surface chlorophyll in the Subantarctic water ring: underwater irradiance, iron, or grazing? Prog Oceanogr 37:241-291
5. Billen G, Servais P, Becquevort S (1990) Dynamics of bacterioplankton in oligotrophic and autrophic aquatic environments: bottom-up or top-down control? Hydrobiologia 207: 37-42
6. Bloem J, Bar-Gilissen MB, Cappenberg TE (1986) Fixation counting and manipulation of heterotrophic nanoflagellates. Appl Environ Microbiol 52:1266-1272
7. Boehme J, Friseher ME, Hang SC, Kellogg CA, Pichard S, Rose JB, Steinway C, Paul JH (1993) Viruses, bacterioplankton, and phytoplankton in the south-eastern Gulf of Mexico: distribution and contribution to oceanic DNA pools. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 97:1-10
8. Boyd P, Newton P (1995) Evidence of the potential influence of planktonic community structure on the interannual variability of particulate organic carbon flux. Deep-Sea Res 42:619-639
9. Boyd PW, Strom S, Whitney FA, Doherty S, Wen ME, Harrison PJ, Wong CS, Varela DE (1995a) The NE subarctic Pacific in winter. I. Biological standing stocks. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 128:11-24
10. Boyd PW, Whitney FA, Harrison PJ, Wong CS (1995b) The NE subarctic Pacific in winter. II. Biological rate processes. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 128:25-34
11. Bradford-Grieve JM, Chang FH, Gall M, Pickmere S, Richards F (1997) Size-fractionated phytoplankton standing stocks and primary production during austral winter and spring 1993 in the Subtropical Convergence region near New Zealand. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 31:201-224
12. Bradford-Grieve J, Murdoch R, James M, Oliver M, McLeocl J (1998) Mesozooplankton biomass, composition, and potential grazing pressure on phytoplankton during austral winter and spring 1993 in the Subtropical Convergence region near New Zealand. Deep-Sea Res 45:1709-1737
13. Burkill PH, Edwards ES, Sleigh MA (1995) Microzooplankton and their role in controlling phytoplankton growth in the marginal ice zone of the Bellingshausen Sea. Deep-Sea Res 42:1277-1290
14. Caron DA (1983) Technique for enumeration of heterotrophic and phototrophic nanoplankton, using epifluorescence microscopy and comparison with other procedures. Appl Environ Microbiol 46:491-498
15. Chang FH (1988) Distribution, abundance and size composition of phytoplankton off Westland, New Zealand; February 1982. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 22:345-367
16. Chang FH, Gall M (1998) Phytoplankton assemblages and photosynthetic pigments in winter and spring the subtropical convergence region near New Zealand. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 32:515-530
17. Cho BC, Azam F (1990) Biogeochemical significance of bacterial biomass in the ocean's euphotic zone. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 63:253-259
18. Crooke WM, Simpson WR (1971) Determinations of ammonium in Kjeldahl digest of crops by an automated procedure. J Sci Food Agric 22:9-10
19. Currie KI, Hunter KA (1998) Surface water carbon dioxide in the waters associated with the Subtropical Convergence, east of New Zealand. Deep-Sea Res 45:1765-1777
20. Cushing DH (1989) A difference in structure between ecosystems in strongly stratified waters and in those that are only weakly stratified. J Plankton Res 11:1-13
21. Ducklow HW (1992) Factors regulating bottom up control of bacterial biomass in open ocean plankton communities. Arch Hydrobiol Beih Ergebn Limnol 37:207-217
22. Dufour PH, Torreton JP (1996) Bottom-up and top-down control of bacterioplankton from eutrophic to oligotrophic sites in the tropical northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res 43:1305-1320
23. Eppley RW, Peterson BJ (1979) Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep ocean. Nature 282:677-680
24. Fortier L, Le Fevre J, Legendre L (1994) Export of bionic carbon to fish and to the deep ocean: the role of large planktonic microphages. J Plankton Res 16:809-839
25. Froneman PW, Perissinotto R (1996a) Microzooplankton grazing and protoplankton community structure in the South Atlantic and in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Res 43:703-721
26. Froneman PW, Perissinotto R (1996b) Structure and grazing of the microzooplankton communities of the Subtropical Convergence and a warm-core eddy in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 135:237-245
27. Frost BW (1991) The role of grazing in nutrient-rich areas of the open sea. Limnol Oceanogr 6:1616-1630
28. Fuhrman JA, Azam F (1982) Thymidine incorporation as a measure of heterotrophic bacterioplankton production in marine surface waters: evaluation and field results. Mar Biol 66:109-120
29. Fuhrman JA, Sleeter TD, Carlson CA, Proctor LM (1989) Dominance of bacterial biomass in the Sargasso Sea and its ecological implications. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 57:207-217
30. Gonzalez HE, Gonzalez SR, Brummer GJA (1994) Short-term sedimentation pattern of zooplankton, faeces and microplankton at a permanent station in the Bjoernafjorden (Norway) during April-May 1992. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 105: 31-45
31. Hall JA (1991) Long-term preservation of picophytoplankton for counting by fluorescence microscopy. Br Phycol J 26: 169-174
32. Hall JA, Vincent WF (1990) Vertical and horizontal strucutre in the picoplankton communities of a coastal upwelling system. Mar Biol 106:251-261
33. Hawes I, Gall M, Weatherhead M (1997) Photosynthetic parameters in water masses in the vicinity of the Chatham Rise, South Pacific Ocean, during late summer. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 31:25-38
34. Hobbie JE, Daily RJ, Jasper S (1977) Use of nuclepore filters for counting bacteria by fluorescence microscopy. Appl Environ Microbiol 33:1225-1228
35. James MR, Hall JA (1998) Microzooplankton grazing in different water masses associated with the subtropical convergence round the South Island, New Zealand. Deep-Sea Res 45:1689-1707
36. James MR, Hall JA, Barrett DP (1996) Grazing by protozoa in marine coastal and oceanic ecosystems off New Zealand. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 30:313-324
37. Joint IR (1986) Physiological ecology of picoplankton in various oceanographic provinces. Can Bull Fish Aquat Sci 214: 287-309
38. Landry MR, Hassett RP (1982) Estimating the grazing impact of marine microzooplankton. Mar Biol 67:283-288
39. Lee S, Fuhrman JA (1987) Relationships between biovolume and biomass of naturally derived marine bacterioplankton. Appl Environ Microbiol 53:1298-1303
40. Legendre L (1990) The significance of microalgal blooms for fisheries and for the export of particulate carbon in oceans. J Plankton Res 12:681-699
41. Legendre L, Rassoulzadegan F (1995) Plankton and nutrient dynamics in marine waters. Ophelia 41:153-172
42. Li WKW, Dickie PM, Irwin BD, Wood AM (1992) Biomass of bacteria, cyanobacteria, prochlorophyte and photosynthetic eukaryotes in the Sargasso Sea. Deep-Sea Res 39: 501-519
43. Lochte K, Bjørnsen PK, Giesenhagen H, Weber A (1996) Bacterial standing stock and production and their relation to phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Res 44: 321-340
44. Longhurst A (1995) Seasonal cycles of pelagic production and consumption. Prog Oceanogr 36:77-167
45. Michaels AF, Silver MW (1988) Primary production, sinking fluxes and the microbial food web. Deep-Sea Res 35: 473-490
46. Miller CB, Frost BW, Wheeler PA, Landry MR, Welschmeyer N, Powell TM (1991) Ecological dynamics in the subarctic Pacific, a possibly iron-limited ecosystem. Limnol Oceanogr 36:1600-1615
47. 2 in the South Pacific during austral autumn. J Geophys Res 96:20455-20465
48. Nodder SD, Alexander BL (1998) Sources of variability in geographical and seasonal differences in particulate fluxes from short-term sediment trap deployments, east of New Zealand. Deep-Sea Res 45:1739-1764
49. Nodder SD, Gall M (1998) Pigment fluxes within the subtropical convergence region east of New Zealand: relationships to planktonic community structure. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 32:441-465
50. Nydahl F (1976) On the optimum conditions for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by cadmium. Talanta 23:349-357
51. Putt M, Stoecker DK (1989) An experimentally determined carbon: volume ratio for marine (oligotrichous) from estuarine and coastal waters. Limnol Oceangr 34:1097-1103
52. 3H] thymidine in a hypertrophic lake. Appl Environ Microbiol 52:1368-1373
53. Robarts RD, Zohary T, Waiser J, Yacobi YZ (1996) Bacterial abundance, biomass, and production in relation to phytoplankton biomass in the Levantine Basin of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 137:273-281
54. Safi K, Hall JA (1997) Factors influencing autotrophic and heterotrophic nanoflagellate abundance in five water masses surrounding New Zealand. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 31:51-60
55. Sanders RW, Porter KG, Bennett SI, De Biase AE (1989) Seasonal patterns of bacterivory by flagellates, ciliates, rotifers and cladocerans in a freshwater planktonic community. Limnol Oceanogr 34:673-687
56. Sanders RW, Caron DA, Berninger VG (1992) Relationships between bacteria and heterotrophic nanoplankton in marine and freshwaters: an inter-ecosystem comparison. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 86:1-14
57. Sedwick PN, Edwards PR, Mackey DJ, Griffiths FB, Parslow JS (1997) Iron and manganese in surface waters of the Australian subantarctic region. Deep-Sea Res 44:1239-1253
58. Sherr EB, Sherr BF (1983) Double staining epifluorescence technique to assess frequency of dividing cells and bacterivory in natural populations of heterotrophic microprotozoa. Appl Environ Microbiol 46:1388-1393
59. Small LFS, Fowler SW, Unlu MY (1979) Sinking rates of natural copepods faecal pellets. Mar Biol 51:233-241
60. Smith JD, Milne PJ (1981) Spectrophotometric determination of silicate in natural waters by formation of a-molybdosilic acid and reduction with a tin(IV)-ascorbic acid-oxalic acid mixture. Anal Chim Acta 123:263-270
61. Smith R, Hall J (1997) Bacterial abundance and production in different water masses around South Island, New Zealand. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 31:515-524
62. Soridergaard M, Jensen LM, Ærtejerg G (1991) Picoalgae in Danish coastal waters during summer stratification. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 79:139-149
63. Strickland JD, Parsons TR (1972) A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull Fish Res Board Can 167
64. Strom SL, Strom MW (1996) Microplankton growth, grazing and community structure in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 130:229-240
65. 2 reservoir. In: Reck RS, Hummel JR (eds) Interpretation of climate and photochemical models, ozone and temperature measurements. American Institute of Physics, New York, p83-109
66. Verity PG, Stoecker DK, Sieracki ME, Nelson JR (1993) Grazing, growth and mortality of microzooplankton during the 1989 North Atlantic spring bloom at 47 degree N, 18 degree W. Deep-Sea Res 40:1793-1814
67. Vincent WF, Howard-Williams C, Tildesley P, Butler E (1991) Distribution and biological properties of oceanic water masses around the South Island of New Zealand. NZ J Mar Freshwat Res 25:21-42
68. 3H] thymidine in aquatic bacteria] production studies. J Plankton Res 9:1167-1181