메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 354, Issue 1392, 1999, Pages 1951-1959

Unanswered questions in ecology

Author keywords

Conservation; Ecology; Nonlinear dynamics; Populations; Species

Indexed keywords

THEORETICAL STUDY;

EID: 0033616147     PISSN: 09628436     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1999.0534     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (132)

References (69)
  • 2
    • 0033602470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong effects of weak interactions in ecological communities
    • Berlow, E. L. 1999 Strong effects of weak interactions in ecological communities. Nature 398, 330-334.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.398 , pp. 330-334
    • Berlow, E.L.1
  • 3
    • 0004182787 scopus 로고
    • Chicago University Press
    • Brown, J. H. 1995 Macroecology. Chicago University Press.
    • (1995) Macroecology
    • Brown, J.H.1
  • 4
    • 0001120231 scopus 로고
    • Food webs ands community structure
    • ed. J. Roughgarden, R. M. May & S. A. Levin. Princeton University Press
    • Cohen, J. E. 1989 Food webs ands community structure. In Perspectires in ecological theory (ed. J. Roughgarden, R. M. May & S. A. Levin), pp. 181-202. Princeton University Press.
    • (1989) Perspectires in Ecological Theory , pp. 181-202
    • Cohen, J.E.1
  • 5
    • 0028599751 scopus 로고
    • Marine and continental food webs: Three paradoxes?
    • Cohen. J. E. 1994 Marine and continental food webs: three paradoxes? Phil. Trans. R. Soc: Lond. B 343, 57-59.
    • (1994) Phil. Trans. R. Soc: Lond. B , vol.343 , pp. 57-59
    • Cohen, J.E.1
  • 7
    • 0028974630 scopus 로고
    • Experimentally induced transitions in the dynamic behaviour of insect populations
    • Constantino, R. F., Cushing, J. M., Dennis, B. & Desharnais, R. A. 1995 Experimentally induced transitions in the dynamic behaviour of insect populations. Nature 375, 227-230.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.375 , pp. 227-230
    • Constantino, R.F.1    Cushing, J.M.2    Dennis, B.3    Desharnais, R.A.4
  • 8
    • 0024774048 scopus 로고
    • The present, past and future of human-caused extinctions
    • Diamond, J. M. 1989 The present, past and future of human-caused extinctions. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 325, 409-477.
    • (1989) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.325 , pp. 409-477
    • Diamond, J.M.1
  • 9
    • 0033525605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Episodic fluctuations in larval supply
    • Dixon, P. A., Milicich, M. J. & Sugihara, G. 1999 Episodic fluctuations in larval supply. Science 283, 1528-1530.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1528-1530
    • Dixon, P.A.1    Milicich, M.J.2    Sugihara, G.3
  • 13
    • 0033607024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitous disposal of microbial species
    • Finlay, B. J. & Clarke, K. J. 1999 Ubiquitous disposal of microbial species. Nature 400, 828.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 828
    • Finlay, B.J.1    Clarke, K.J.2
  • 14
    • 0003603864 scopus 로고
    • London: Chapman & Hall
    • Gaston, K. J. 1994 Rarity. London: Chapman & Hall.
    • (1994) Rarity
    • Gaston, K.J.1
  • 15
    • 0029667986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species-range-size distributions: Patterns, mechanisms and implications
    • Gaston, K. J. 1996 Species-range-size distributions: patterns, mechanisms and implications. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11, 197-201.
    • (1996) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.11 , pp. 197-201
    • Gaston, K.J.1
  • 17
    • 0033515831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple lessons from complexity
    • Goldenfeld, N. & Kadanoff, L. P. 1999 Simple lessons from complexity. Science 284, 87-89.
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 87-89
    • Goldenfeld, N.1    Kadanoff, L.P.2
  • 18
    • 0002760716 scopus 로고
    • The current magnitude of biodiversity
    • ed. V. H. Heywood. Cambridge University Press
    • Hammond, P. M. 1995 The current magnitude of biodiversity. In Global biodiversity assessment (ed. V. H. Heywood), pp. 113-138. Cambridge University Press.
    • (1995) Global Biodiversity Assessment , pp. 113-138
    • Hammond, P.M.1
  • 20
    • 0000760393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-similarity in the distribution and abundance of species
    • Harte. J., Kinzig, A. & Green, J. 1999 Self-similarity in the distribution and abundance of species. Science 284, 334-336.
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 334-336
    • Harte, J.1    Kinzig, A.2    Green, J.3
  • 21
    • 0026268962 scopus 로고
    • Spatial structure and chaos in insect population dynamics
    • Hassell, M. P., Comins, H. N. & May, R. M. 1991 Spatial structure and chaos in insect population dynamics. Nature 353, 255-258.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.353 , pp. 255-258
    • Hassell, M.P.1    Comins, H.N.2    May, R.M.3
  • 22
    • 0028170380 scopus 로고
    • Species co-existence and self-organizing spatial dynamics
    • Hassell, M. P., Comins, H. N. & May, R. M. 1994 Species co-existence and self-organizing spatial dynamics. Nature 370, 290-292.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.370 , pp. 290-292
    • Hassell, M.P.1    Comins, H.N.2    May, R.M.3
  • 23
    • 0028230206 scopus 로고
    • Persistence of transients in spatially structured models
    • Hastings, A. & Higgins, K. 1994 Persistence of transients in spatially structured models. Science 263, 1133-1136.
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 1133-1136
    • Hastings, A.1    Higgins, K.2
  • 25
    • 0002191573 scopus 로고
    • Spatial aspects of species interactions: The wedding of models and experiments
    • ed. A. Hastings, New York: Springer
    • Karciva, P. & Anderson, M. 1989 Spatial aspects of species interactions: the wedding of models and experiments. In Community ecology (ed. A. Hastings), pp. 35-50 New York: Springer.
    • (1989) Community Ecology , pp. 35-50
    • Karciva, P.1    Anderson, M.2
  • 28
    • 0028573160 scopus 로고
    • Patchiness in marine and terrestrial systems: From individuals to populations
    • Levin, S. A. 1994 Patchiness in marine and terrestrial systems: from individuals to populations. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 343, 99-103.
    • (1994) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B , vol.343 , pp. 99-103
    • Levin, S.A.1
  • 29
    • 0000719342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theories of simplification on scaling of spatially distributed processes
    • ed. D. Tilman & P. Karieva. Princeton University Press
    • Levin, S. A. & Pacala, S. W. 1997 Theories of simplification on scaling of spatially distributed processes. In Spatial ecology (ed. D. Tilman & P. Karieva), pp. 271-295. Princeton University Press.
    • (1997) Spatial Ecology , pp. 271-295
    • Levin, S.A.1    Pacala, S.W.2
  • 30
    • 0030620646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mathematical and computational challenges in population biology and ecosystems science
    • Levin, S. A., Grenfell, B., Hastings, A. & Perelson, A. S. 1997 Mathematical and computational challenges in population biology and ecosystems science. Science 275, 334-343.
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , pp. 334-343
    • Levin, S.A.1    Grenfell, B.2    Hastings, A.3    Perelson, A.S.4
  • 32
    • 0033517279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unsolved problems of noise
    • McClintock, P. V. E. 1999 Unsolved problems of noise. Nature 401, 23-25.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 23-25
    • McClintock, P.V.E.1
  • 33
    • 0030697159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial pattern formation in an insect host-parasitoid system
    • Maron, J. L. & Harrison, S. 1997 Spatial pattern formation in an insect host-parasitoid system. Science 278, 1619-1621.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 1619-1621
    • Maron, J.L.1    Harrison, S.2
  • 35
    • 0016394337 scopus 로고
    • Biological populations with nonoverlapping generations: Stable points, stable cycles, and chaos
    • May, R. M. 1974 Biological populations with nonoverlapping generations: stable points, stable cycles, and chaos. Science 186, 645-647.
    • (1974) Science , vol.186 , pp. 645-647
    • May, R.M.1
  • 36
    • 0002970941 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of species abundance and diversity
    • ed. M. Cody & J. M. Diamond. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • May, R. M. 1975 Patterns of species abundance and diversity. In Ecology of species and communities (ed. M. Cody & J. M. Diamond), pp. 81 120. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1975) Ecology of Species and Communities , pp. 81-120
    • May, R.M.1
  • 37
    • 0017185443 scopus 로고
    • Simple mathematical models with very complicated dynamics
    • May, R. M. 1976 Simple mathematical models with very complicated dynamics. Nature 261, 459-467.
    • (1976) Nature , vol.261 , pp. 459-467
    • May, R.M.1
  • 38
    • 0001602425 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics and diversity of insect faunas
    • ed. L. A. Mound & N. Waloff. Oxford, UK: Blackwell
    • May, R. M. 1978 The dynamics and diversity of insect faunas. In Diversity of insect faunas (ed. L. A. Mound & N. Waloff), pp. 188-204. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
    • (1978) Diversity of Insect Faunas , pp. 188-204
    • May, R.M.1
  • 39
    • 0000944111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dimensions of life on earth
    • Washington, DC; National Academy of Sciences Press. (In the press.)
    • May, R. M. 1999 The dimensions of life on earth. In Nature and human society: the quest for a sustainable world. Washington, DC; National Academy of Sciences Press. (In the press.)
    • (1999) Nature and Human Society: The Quest for a Sustainable World
    • May, R.M.1
  • 41
    • 0022200826 scopus 로고
    • Three distinct types of dynamic behaviour shown by a single planktonic system
    • Murdoch, W. W. & McCaughley, E. 1985 Three distinct types of dynamic behaviour shown by a single planktonic system. Nature 316, 628-630.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.316 , pp. 628-630
    • Murdoch, W.W.1    McCaughley, E.2
  • 42
    • 0028410967 scopus 로고
    • Declining biodiversity can alter the performance of ecosystems
    • Nacem, S., Thompson, L. J., Lawton, S. P., Lawton, J. H. & Woodfin, R. M. 1994 Declining biodiversity can alter the performance of ecosystems. Nature 368, 734-737.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.368 , pp. 734-737
    • Nacem, S.1    Thompson, L.J.2    Lawton, S.P.3    Lawton, J.H.4    Woodfin, R.M.5
  • 43
    • 0030680940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extinction and the loss of evolutionary history
    • Nee, S. & May, R. M. 1997 Extinction and the loss of evolutionary history. Science 278, 692-694.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 692-694
    • Nee, S.1    May, R.M.2
  • 44
    • 0001784861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-species metapopulation models
    • ed. I. Hanski & M. E. Gilpin. New York: Academic Press
    • Nee, S., May, R. M. & Hassell, M. P. 1997 Two-species metapopulation models. In Metapopulation biology (ed. I. Hanski & M. E. Gilpin), pp. 123-147. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1997) Metapopulation Biology , pp. 123-147
    • Nee, S.1    May, R.M.2    Hassell, M.P.3
  • 46
    • 0026472030 scopus 로고
    • Food-web analysis through field measurement of per capita interaction strength
    • Paine, R. T. 1992 Food-web analysis through field measurement of per capita interaction strength. Nature 355, 73-75.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 73-75
    • Paine, R.T.1
  • 47
    • 0004290829 scopus 로고
    • London: Chapman & Hall
    • Pimm, S. L. 1982 Food webs. London: Chapman & Hall.
    • (1982) Food Webs
    • Pimm, S.L.1
  • 48
    • 0025956168 scopus 로고
    • Food web patterns and their consequences
    • Pimm, S. L., Lawton, J. H. & Cohen, J. E. 1991 Food web patterns and their consequences. Nature 350, 669-674.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.350 , pp. 669-674
    • Pimm, S.L.1    Lawton, J.H.2    Cohen, J.E.3
  • 49
    • 0027338678 scopus 로고
    • Rare species, the coincidence of diversity hotspots and conservation strategies
    • Predegast, J. R., Quinn, R. M., Lawton, J. H., Eversham, B. C. & Gibbons, D. W. 1993 Rare species, the coincidence of diversity hotspots and conservation strategies. Nature 365, 335-337.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.365 , pp. 335-337
    • Predegast, J.R.1    Quinn, R.M.2    Lawton, J.H.3    Eversham, B.C.4    Gibbons, D.W.5
  • 50
    • 0000597987 scopus 로고
    • The canonical distribution of commonness and rarity
    • Preston, F. W. 1962 The canonical distribution of commonness and rarity. Ecology 43, 185-215, 410-432.
    • (1962) Ecology , vol.43 , Issue.185-215 , pp. 410-432
    • Preston, F.W.1
  • 51
    • 0002657975 scopus 로고
    • Seven forms of rarity
    • ed. M. E. Soulé. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer
    • Rabinowitz, D., Cairns, S. & Dillon, T. 1986. Seven forms of rarity. In Conservation miology (ed. M. E. Soulé), pp. 182-204. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer.
    • (1986) Conservation Miology , pp. 182-204
    • Rabinowitz, D.1    Cairns, S.2    Dillon, T.3
  • 52
    • 0031437943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Travelling waves in vole dynamics
    • Ranta, E. & Kaitala, V. 1997 Travelling waves in vole dynamics. Nature 390, 456.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.390 , pp. 456
    • Ranta, E.1    Kaitala, V.2
  • 54
    • 0040971643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expert estimates about effects of biodiversity on ecosystem processes and services
    • Schlapfer, F., Schmid, B. & Seidl, I. 1999 Expert estimates about effects of biodiversity on ecosystem processes and services. Oikos 84, 346-352.
    • (1999) Oikos , vol.84 , pp. 346-352
    • Schlapfer, F.1    Schmid, B.2    Seidl, I.3
  • 55
    • 0002342893 scopus 로고
    • The regulation of animal populations
    • ed. J. M. Cherrett. Oxford, UK: Blackwell
    • Sinclair, A. R. E. 1989 The regulation of animal populations. In Ecological concepts (ed. J. M. Cherrett), pp. 197-241. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
    • (1989) Ecological Concepts , pp. 197-241
    • Sinclair, A.R.E.1
  • 57
    • 0001166860 scopus 로고
    • Snowshoe hare populations: Squeezed from below and above
    • Stenseth, N. C. 1995 Snowshoe hare populations: squeezed from below and above. Science 269, 1061-1062.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 1061-1062
    • Stenseth, N.C.1
  • 58
    • 0001590022 scopus 로고
    • Minimal community structure: An explanation of species abundance patterns
    • Sugihara, G. 1980 Minimal community structure: an explanation of species abundance patterns. Am. Nat. 116, 770-787.
    • (1980) Am. Nat. , vol.116 , pp. 770-787
    • Sugihara, G.1
  • 59
    • 0024857298 scopus 로고
    • Scale invariance in food web properties
    • Sugihara, G., Schoenly, K. & Trombla, A. 1989 Scale invariance in food web properties. Science 245, 48-52.
    • (1989) Science , vol.245 , pp. 48-52
    • Sugihara, G.1    Schoenly, K.2    Trombla, A.3
  • 60
    • 0025199496 scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear forecasting as a way of distinguishing chaos from measurement error in time series
    • Sugihara, G. & May, R. M. 1990 Nonlinear forecasting as a way of distinguishing chaos from measurement error in time series. Nature 344, 734-741.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.344 , pp. 734-741
    • Sugihara, G.1    May, R.M.2
  • 62
    • 0000357010 scopus 로고
    • Ecological experimentation: Strengths and conceptual problems
    • ed. G. E. Likens. New York: Springer
    • Tilman, D. 1989 Ecological experimentation: strengths and conceptual problems. In Long-term studies in ecology (ed. G. E. Likens), pp. 136-157. New York: Springer.
    • (1989) Long-term Studies in Ecology , pp. 136-157
    • Tilman, D.1
  • 63
    • 0032840323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: A search for general principles
    • Tilman, D. 1999 The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: a search for general principles. Ecology 80, 231-251.
    • (1999) Ecology , vol.80 , pp. 231-251
    • Tilman, D.1
  • 64
    • 0028162069 scopus 로고
    • Habitat destruction and the extinction debt
    • Tilman, D., May, R. M., Lehman, C. L. & Nowak, M. A. 1994 Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371, 65-66.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.371 , pp. 65-66
    • Tilman, D.1    May, R.M.2    Lehman, C.L.3    Nowak, M.A.4
  • 65
    • 0002331280 scopus 로고
    • The future of data analysis
    • Tukey, J. M. 1962 The future of data analysis. Ann. Math. Stat. 33, 1-67.
    • (1962) Ann. Math. Stat. , vol.33 , pp. 1-67
    • Tukey, J.M.1
  • 67
    • 0001411384 scopus 로고
    • How unusual are unusual events?
    • Weatherhead, P. J. 1986 How unusual are unusual events? Am. Nat. 128, 150-154.
    • (1986) Am. Nat. , vol.128 , pp. 150-154
    • Weatherhead, P.J.1
  • 68
    • 0003728571 scopus 로고
    • Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin. (Reprint, ed. R. Mabey, 1977.)
    • White, G. F. 1789 The natural history of Selborne. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin. (Reprint, ed. R. Mabey, 1977.)
    • (1789) The Natural History of Selborne
    • White, G.F.1
  • 69
    • 0001884203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life after chaos
    • Zimmer, C. 1999 Life after chaos. Science 284, 83-86.
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 83-86
    • Zimmer, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.