Life: Past, present and future

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 354, Issue 1392, 1999, Pages 1923-1939

  Nealson, Kenneth H ^a   Conrad, Pamela G ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Bioenergetics; Biosignature; Extremophile; Life detection; Metabolic evolution; Metabolic taxonomy

Indexed keywords

EVOLUTION; PHYLOGENY; TAXONOMY;

EUKARYOTA; PROKARYOTA;

EID: 0033616135     PISSN: 09628436     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1999.0532     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Amann, R., Ludwig, W. & Schleifer, K.-H. 1994 Identification of uncultured bacteria: a challenging task for molecular taxonomists. Am. Soc. Microbiol. News 60, 360-365.
2. Banfield, J. F. & Nealson, K. H. 1997 Geomicrobiology: interactions between microbes and minerals, 1st edn. Washington, DC: Mineralogy Society of America.
3. Canfield, D. E. & Teske, A. 1996 Late Proterozoic rise in atmospheric oxygen concentration inferred from phylogenetic and sulphur-isotope studies. Nature 382, 127-132.
4. Cano, R. & Borucki, M. 1994 Revival and identification of bacterial spores in 25 to 40 million year old Dominican amber. Science 268, 1960-1964.
5. Davis, G. R. 1990 Energy for planet Earth. Sci. Am. 35, 1-10.
6. Denner, E., McGenity, T., Busse, H.-J., Wanner, G. & Stan-Lotter, H. 1994 Halococcus salifedinae sp. Nov., an archael isolate from an Austrian salt mine, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44, 774-780.
7. Des Marais, D. J., Strauss, H., Summons, R. E. & Hayes, J. M. 1992 Carbon isotope evidence for the stepwise oxidation of the Proterozoic environment. Nature 359, 605-609.
8. Ehrenreich, A. & Widdel, F. 1994 Anaerobic oxidation of ferrous iron by purple bacteria: a new type of phototrophic metabolism. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60, 4517-4526.
9. Friedmann, I. E. 1993 Antarctic microbiology, 1st edn. New York: Wiley Interscience.
10. Friedmann, I. E. 1982 Endolithic microorganisms in the Antarctic cold desert. Science 215, 1045-1053.
11. Gottschalk, G. 1994 Microbial metabolism. New York: Springer.
12. Holland, H. D. & Rye, R. 1997 Evidence in pre-2,2 Ga paleosols for the early evolution of atmospheric oxygen and terrestrial biota. Geology 25, 857-858.
13. Jorgensen, B. B., Revsbech, N. P., Blackburn, H. & Cohen, Y. 1979 Diurnal cycle of oxygen and sulfide microgradients and microbial photosynthesis in a cyanobacterial mat sediment. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 38, 46-58.
14. Kelvin 1994 Preface. In Quantifying sedimentary processes (ed. M. Coleman, C. Curtis & G. Turner). London: Oxford University Press and The Royal Society.
15. Knoll, A. H. 1992 The early evolution of eukaryotes: a global perspective. Science 256, 622-627.
16. Lovelock, J. E. 1979 Gaia. Oxford University Press.
17. MacGregor, B. J., Moser, D. P., Nealson, K. H. & Stahl, D. A. 1997 Crenarchaeota in Lake Michigan sediments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63, 1178-1181.
18. Margulis, I. 1981 Symbiosis in cell evolution. San Francisco, CA: W. H. Freeman & Co.
19. Mojzsis, S. J., Arrhenius, G., McKeegan, K. D., Harrison, T. M., Nutman, A. P. & Friend, C. R. L. 1996 Evidence for life on earth before 3,800 million years ago. Nature 384, 55-59.
20. Nealson, K. H. 1997a Sediment bacteria: who's there, what are they doing, and what's new? A. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 25, 403-434.
21. Nealson, K. H. 1997b The limits of life on Earth and searching for life on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 23 675-23 686.
22. Nealson, K. H. 1999 Post-Viking microbiology: new approaches, new data, new insights. Origins Life Evol. Biosph. 29, 73-93.
23. Nealson, K. H. & Saffarini, D. A. 1994 Iron and manganese in anaerobic respiration: environmental significance, physiology, and regulation. A. Rev. Microbiol. 48, 311-343.
24. Nealson, K. H. & Stahl, D. A. 1997 Microorganisms and biogeochemical cycles: what can we learn from layered microbial communities? Rev. Mineral. 35, 1-34.
25. Olsen, G. J., Woese, C. R. & Overbeek, R. 1994 The winds of evolutionary change: breathing new life into microbiology. J. Bacteriol. 176, 1-6.
26. Pace, N. R. 1996 New perspective on the natural microbial world: molecular microbial ecology. Am. Soc. Microbiol. News 62, 463-470.
27. Rye, R. & Holland, H. D. 1998 Paleosols and the evolution of atmospheric oxygen: a critical review. Am. J. Sci. 298, 621-672.
28. Schidlowski, M. 1988 A 3800-million-year isotopic record of life from carbon in sedimentary rocks. Nature 333, 313-318.
29. Schlegel, H. G. 1993 General microbiology, 7th edn. Cambridge University Press.
30. Schopf, J. W. & Klein, C. 1992 The proterozoic biosphere. Cambridge University Press.
31. Shi, T., Reeves, R. H., Gilichinsky, D. A. & Friedmann, E. I. 1997 Characterization of viable bacteria from Siberian permafrost by 16S rDNA sequencing. Microbial Ecol. 33, 169-179.
32. Stahl, D. A. 1993 The natural history of microorganisms. Am. Soc. Microbiol. News B 59, 609-613.
33. Widdell, F., Schnell, S., Heising, S., Ehrenreich, A., Assmus, B. & Schink, B. 1993 Ferrous iron oxidation by anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. Nature 362, 834-835.
34. Woese C. R. 1987 Bacterial evolution. Microbiol. Rev. 51, 221-271.
35. Woese, C. R. 1994 There must be a prokaryote somewhere: microbiology's search for itself. Microbiol. Rev. 58, 1-9.