Decay of the GRB 990123 optical afterglow: Implications for the fireball model

Science

Volumn 283, Issue 5410, 1999, Pages 2069-2073

  Castro Tirado, Alberto J ^a,e   Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa ^b   Caon, Nicola ^b   Cairós, Luz Marina ^b   Hjorth, Jens ^c   Pedersen, Holger ^c   Andersen, Michael I ^d   Gorosabel, Javier ^e   Bartolini, Corrado ^f   Guarnieri, Adriano ^f   Piccioni, Adalberto ^f   Frontera, Filippo ^g,h   Masetti, Nicola ^h   Palazzi, Eliana ^h   Pian, Elena ^h   Greiner, Jochen ⁱ   Hudec, Renè ^j   Sagar, Ram ^k   Pandey, Anil K ^k   Mohan, Vinay ^k   Yadav, Ramakant K S ^k   Nilakshi, ^k   Björnsson, Gunnlaugur ^l   Jakobsson, Páll ^l   Burud, Ingunn ^m   Courbin, Frederic ^m   Valentini, Gaetano ⁿ   Piersimoni, Anna ⁿ   Aceituno, Jésus ^o   Montoya, Luz María ^o   Pedraz, Santos ^o   Gredel, Roland ^o   Claver, Charles F ^p   Rector, Travis A ^p   Rhoads, James E ^p   Walter, Fabian ^w   Ott, Jürgen ^q   Hippelein, Hans ^r   Sánchez Béjar, Victor ^b   Gutiérrez, Carlos ^b   Oscoz, Alejandro ^b   Zhu, Jin ^s   Chen, Jiansheng ^s   Zhang, Haotong ^s   Wei, Jianyan ^s   Zhou, Aiying ^s   Guziy, Sergei ^t   Shlyapnikov, Aleksei ^u   Heise, John ^v   Costa, Enrico ^h   Feroci, Marco ^h   Piro, Luigi ^h   more..

^a INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE ANDALUCÍA CSIC   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS   (Spain)

^c University of Copenhagen ^*  (Denmark)

^d NORDIC OPTICAL TELESCOPE   (Spain)

^e INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE TÉCNICA AEROESPACIAL   (Spain)

^f UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^g UNIVERSITY OF FERRARA   (Italy)

^h CNR   (Italy)

ⁱ ASTROPHYSIKALISCHES INSTITUT POTSDAM   (Germany)

^j ASTRONOMICAL INSTITUTE   (Czech Republic)

^k Uttar Pradesh State Observatory   (India)

^l UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND   (Iceland)

^m UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

ⁿ INAF OSSERVATORIO ASTRONOMICO DI COLLURANIA   (Italy)

^o CENTRO ASTRONÓMICO HISPANO ALEMÁN   (Spain)

^p KITT PEAK NATIONAL OBSERVATORY   (United States)

^q UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

^r MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR ASTRONOMIE   (Germany)

^s CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES   (China)

^t Nikolaev University Observatory   (Ukraine)

^u Nikolaev Astronomical Observatory   (Ukraine)

^v SRON NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE FOR SPACE RESEARCH   (Netherlands)

^w Space Res Organization Netherlands ^*

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COSMIC RADIATION; ENERGY; GAMMA RADIATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; X RAY;

EID: 0033605737     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5410.2069     Document Type: Article

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61. We thank A. Henden, F. Vrba, and H. Guetter for having provided the J- and K-band magnitudes for three local standards in the field; A. Alberdi, M. Ma's-Hesse, A. Rao, M. de Santos, P. Ruir-Lapuente, M. Valdez-Gutièrrez, R. A. M. J. Wijers and A. Yoshida for very fruitful conversations; and the anonymous referees for useful suggestions. The Calar Alto German-Spanish Observatory is operated jointly by the Max-Planck Institut für Astronomie in Heidelberg, and the Comisión Nacional de Astronomia, Madrid. The Loiano Telescope is operated by Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna and Università di Bologna. The Nordic Optical Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatories, is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. We also acknowledge the Time Allocation Committees of Calar Alto, Roque, and Teide observatories. The operation of BAO 0.6-m Schmidt telescope is supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Beijing Astrophysics Center is jointly sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking University. J.G. is supported by the Deutsche Agentur für Raumfahrtangelegenheiten (DARA). C.B., A.G., and A.P. acknowledge the support by the Universitè di Bologna (funds for selected research topics). The work of J.Z. is partly supported by the Pandeng Foundation of China, the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation. I.B. and F.C. are supported by contracts ARC94/99-178 "Action de Recherche Concertée de la Communauté Française" (Belgium) and "Pôle d'Attraction Interuniversitaire" P4/05 (SSTC, Belgium). This research was supported by the Danish Natural Science Research Council (SNF), the Icelandic Council of Science, and the University of Iceland Research Fund. The BeppoSAX team acknowledges support from the Italian Space Agency.