Accretion of low-metallicity gas by the Milky Way

Nature

Volumn 402, Issue 6760, 1999, Pages 388-390

  Wakker, B P ^a   Howk, J C ^c   Savage, B D ^a   Van Woerden, H ^d   Tufte, S L ^e   Schwarz, U J ^d,f   Benjamin, R ^b   Reynolds, R J ^a   Peletler, R F ^g   Kalberla, P M W ^h  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^b University of Wisconsin Madison   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

^e LEWIS AND CLARK COLLEGE   (United States)

^f RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

^g DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^h UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYDROGEN;

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY; GAS; MASS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VELOCITY;

ASTRONOMY; EXTRATERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT; METALS; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS;

EID: 0033604552     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/46498     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Van den Bergh, S. The frequency of stars with different metal abundances. Astron. J. 67, 486-490 (1962).
2. Giovagnoli, A. & Tosi, M. Chemical evolution models with a new stellar nucleosynthesis. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 273, 499-504 (1995).
3. Pagel, B. E. J. Nucleosynthesis and Chemical Evolution of Galaxies (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997).
4. Skillman, E. D., Bomans, D. J. & Kobulnicky, H. A. Interstellar medium abundances in the Pegasus dwarf irregular galaxy. Astrophys. J. 474, 205-216 (1997).
5. Rudolph, A. L., Simpson, J. P., Haas, M. R., Erickson, E. F. & Fich, M. Far-infrared abundance measurements in the outer galaxy. Astrophys. J. 489, 94-101 (1997).
6. Ferguson, A. M. N., Gallagher, J. S. & Wyse, R. F. G. The extreme outer regions of disk galaxies. I. Chemical abundances of HII regions. Astron. J. 116, 673-690 (1998).
7. Lu, L., Sargent, W. L. W. & Barlow, T. A. The N/Si abundance ratio in 15 damped Lyα galaxies: implications for the origin of nitrogen. Astron. J. 115, 55-61 (1998).
8. Pettini, M., Ellison, S. L., Steidel, C. C. & Bowen, D. V. Metal abundances at z < 1.5: fresh clues to the chemical enrichment history of damped Lyα systems. Astrophys. J. 510, 576-589 (1999).
9. Wakker, B. P. & van Woerden, H. High-velocity clouds. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 35, 217-266 (1997).
10. Savage, B. D. & Sembach, K. R. Interstellar abundances from absorption-line observations with the Hubble Space Telescope. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 34, 279-329 (1996).
11. Lu, L. et al. The metallicity and dust content of HVC 287.5 + 22.5 + 240: evidence for a Magellanic Clouds origin. Astron. J. 115, 162-167 (1998).
12. Reynolds R. J., Tufte, S. L., Haffner, L. M., Jaehnig, K. & Percival, J. W. The Wisconsin H-alpha Mapper (WHAM): A brief review of performance characteristics and early scientific results. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 15, 14-18 (1998).
13. Hartmann, D. & Burton, W. B. Atlas of Galactic Neutral Hydrogen (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997).
14. Wakker, B. P. et al. in Stromlo Workshop on High-velocity Clouds (eds Gibson, B. K. & Putman, M. E.) 26-37 (ASP Conf. Ser. 166, Astronomical Soc. of the Pacific, San Francisco, 1999).
15. Anders, E. & Grevesse, N. Abundances of the elements - Meteoritic and solar. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 197-214 (1989).
16. van Woerden, H., Peletier, R. F., Schwarz, U. J., Wakker, B. P. & Kalberla, P. M. W. in Stromlo Workshop on High-velocity Clouds (eds Gibson, B. R. & Putman, M. E.) 1-25 (ASP Conf. Ser. 166, Astronomical Soc. of the Pacific, San Francisco, 1999).
17. van Woerden, H., Schwarz, U. J., Peletier, R. F., Wakker, B. P. & Kalberla, P. M. W. A confirmed location in the Galactic halo for the high-velocity cloud 'Chain A'. Nature 400, 138-141 (1999).
18. Snowden, S. L., Egger, R., Finkbeiner, D. P., Freyberg, M. J. & Plucinsky, P. P. Progress on establishing the spatial distribution of material responsible for the 1/4 kev soft x-ray diffuse background local and halo components. Astrophys. J. 493, 715-729 (1998).
19. Wolfire, M. G., McKee, C. F., Hollenbach, D. & Tielens, A. G. G. M. The multiphase structure of the galactic halo: high-velocity clouds in a hot corona. Astrophys. J. 453, 673-684 (1995).
20. Wakker, B. P., Murphy, E. M., van Woerden, H. & Dame, T. M. A sensitive search for molecular gas in high-velocity clouds. Astrophys. J. 488, 216-223 (1997).
21. Bregman, J. N. The galactic fountain of high-velocity clouds. Astrophys. J. 236, 577-591 (1980).
22. Blitz, L., Spergel, D., Teuben, P., Hartmann, D. & Burton, W. B. High velocity clouds: building blocks of the Local Group. Astrophys. J. 514, 818-843 (1999).
23. Zwaan, M. A., Briggs, F. H., Sprayberry, D. & Sorar, E. The HI mass function of galaxies from a deep survey in the 21-cm line. Astrophys. J. 490, 173-186 (1997).
24. Oort, J. H. The formation of galaxies and the origin of the high velocity hydrogen. Astron. Astrophys. 7, 381-404 (1970).
25. Yanny, B. & York, D. G. Emission-line objects near quasi-stellar object absorbers. III Clustering and colors of moderate redshift HII regions. Astrophys. J. 391, 569-576 (1992).
26. Gardiner, L. T. & Noguchi, M. N-body simulations of the Small Magellanic Cloud and the Magellanic Stream. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 278, 191-208 (1996).
27. Haffner, L. M., Reynolds, R. J. & Tufte, S. L. WHAM observations of Hα, SII, and NII toward the Perseus Arm: probing the physical conditions of the WIM. Astrophys. J. 523, 223-233 (1999).
28. Verner, D. A., Barthel, P. D. & Tytler, D. Atomic data for absorption lines from the ground level at wavelengths greater than 228 Å. Astron. Astrophys. 108, 287-340 (1994).
29. + abundance of HVC complex C. Astron. Astrophys. 306, L25-L28 (1996).