Wildlife harvest in logged tropical forests

Science

Volumn 284, Issue 5414, 1999, Pages 595-596

  Robinson, John G ^a   Redford, Kent H ^a   Bennett, Elizabeth L ^b  

^a WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY   (United States)

^b WCS Sarawak ^*  (Malaysia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; CULTURAL FACTOR; ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; FOREST; FORESTRY; GOVERNMENT; LAND USE; POLICY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHORT SURVEY; WELLBEING; WILDLIFE;

EID: 0033597439     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5414.595     Document Type: Short Survey

References (52)

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2. N. Myers, Conversion of Tropical Moist Forests (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1980); Forest Resource Assessment 1990: Tropical Countries [Forestry Paper 112, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN), Rome, Italy, 1993]; World Bank Atlas 1998 (World Bank, Washington, DC, 1998).
3. N. Myers, Conversion of Tropical Moist Forests (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1980); Forest Resource Assessment 1990: Tropical Countries [Forestry Paper 112, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN), Rome, Italy, 1993]; World Bank Atlas 1998 (World Bank, Washington, DC, 1998).
4. International policies supporting "sustainable" or "managed" logging include the World Conservation Strategy (1981), the Tropical Forest Action Plan (1985), the International Tropical Timber Agreement (1986), the Brundtland Commission Report (1987), Agenda 21 of the UN Conference on Environment and Development (1992), and the Convention on Biological Diversity (1993).
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10. T. Panayatou and P. Ashton, Not by Timber Alone: Economics and Ecology for Sustaining Tropical Forests (Island Press, Washington, DC, 1992); N. Johnson and B. Cabarle, Surviving the Cut: Natural Forest Management in the Humid Tropics [World Resources Institute (WRI), Washington, DC, 1993]; G. Hartshorn, Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 26, 155 (1995).
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12. W. Vickers, Interciencia 9, 366 (1984); K. Redford and J. Robinson, Am. Anthropol. 89, 412 (1987); C. Hladik et al., Tropical Forests, People, Food: Biocultural Interactions and Applications for Development (UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris, France, 1993).
13. W. Vickers, Interciencia 9, 366 (1984); K. Redford and J. Robinson, Am. Anthropol. 89, 412 (1987); C. Hladik et al., Tropical Forests, People, Food: Biocultural Interactions and Applications for Development (UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris, France, 1993).
14. J. Robinson and E. Bennett, Eds., Hunting for Sustainability in Tropical Forests (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 1999).
15. 2/year in Latin America (n = 5 studies) [in (7)].
16. J. Robinson and K. Redford, Eds., Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1991); C. Peres, Conserv. Biol., in press.
17. J. Robinson and K. Redford, Eds., Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1991); C. Peres, Conserv. Biol., in press.
18. B. Nietschmann, Between Land and Water (Seminar Press, New York, 1973); R. Hames and W. Vickers, Adaptive Responses of Native Amazonians (Academic Press, New York, 1983); K. H. Redford, R. Godshalk, K. Asher, What About the Wild Animals? Wild Animal Species in Community Forestry in the Tropics (Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, 1995).
19. B. Nietschmann, Between Land and Water (Seminar Press, New York, 1973); R. Hames and W. Vickers, Adaptive Responses of Native Amazonians (Academic Press, New York, 1983); K. H. Redford, R. Godshalk, K. Asher, What About the Wild Animals? Wild Animal Species in Community Forestry in the Tropics (Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, 1995).
20. B. Nietschmann, Between Land and Water (Seminar Press, New York, 1973); R. Hames and W. Vickers, Adaptive Responses of Native Amazonians (Academic Press, New York, 1983); K. H. Redford, R. Godshalk, K. Asher, What About the Wild Animals? Wild Animal Species in Community Forestry in the Tropics (Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, 1995).
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23. A. Stearman, in (7).
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26. K. Redford, BioScience, 42, 412 (1992); J. Robinson and R. Bodmer, J. Wildl. Manage. 63, 1 (1999). J. Mills and P. Jackson, Killed for a Cure: A Review of the Worldwide Trade in Tiger Bone (Traffic International, Cambridge, 1994); S. Nash, Still in Business: The Ivory Trade in Asia, Seven Years after the CITES Ban (Traffic International, Cambridge, 1997); Ape Alliance, The African Bushmeat Trade - A Recipe for Extinction (Ape Alliance, London, 1998).
27. K. Redford, BioScience, 42, 412 (1992); J. Robinson and R. Bodmer, J. Wildl. Manage. 63, 1 (1999). J. Mills and P. Jackson, Killed for a Cure: A Review of the Worldwide Trade in Tiger Bone (Traffic International, Cambridge, 1994); S. Nash, Still in Business: The Ivory Trade in Asia, Seven Years after the CITES Ban (Traffic International, Cambridge, 1997); Ape Alliance, The African Bushmeat Trade - A Recipe for Extinction (Ape Alliance, London, 1998).
28. K. Redford, BioScience, 42, 412 (1992); J. Robinson and R. Bodmer, J. Wildl. Manage. 63, 1 (1999). J. Mills and P. Jackson, Killed for a Cure: A Review of the Worldwide Trade in Tiger Bone (Traffic International, Cambridge, 1994); S. Nash, Still in Business: The Ivory Trade in Asia, Seven Years after the CITES Ban (Traffic International, Cambridge, 1997); Ape Alliance, The African Bushmeat Trade - A Recipe for Extinction (Ape Alliance, London, 1998).
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34. T. Whitmore and J. Sayer, in Tropical Deforestation and Species Extinction, T. Whitmore and J. Sayer, Eds. (Chapman & Hall, London, 1992); WRI, World Resources 1994-1995 (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1994).
35. T. Whitmore and J. Sayer, in Tropical Deforestation and Species Extinction, T. Whitmore and J. Sayer, Eds. (Chapman & Hall, London, 1992); WRI, World Resources 1994-1995 (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1994).
36. In Asia, Africa, and Latin America, an estimated 58, 19, and 28%, respectively, has already been logged by commercial enterprises [A. Grieser Johns, Timber Production and Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Rain Forests (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1997)].
37. D. Wilkie and J. Carpenter, The Impact of Bushmeat Hunting on Forest Fauna and Local Economies in the Congo Basin (unpublished report, WCS, Bronx, NY, 1998).
38. WCS/Sarawak Forest Department, A Master Plan for Wildlife in Sarawak (Sarawak Forest Department, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, 1996).
39. P. Auzel and D. Wilkie, in (7).
40. D. Guinart, Los Mamiferos del Bosque Semideciduo Neotropical de Lomerio (Bolivia). Interacción Indigena, thesis, Universitat de Barcelona (1997); D. Rumiz and L. Solar, La caza, su impacto y aporte económico en una concesión forestal del Bajo Paraguá (BOLFOR, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 1996).
41. D. Guinart, Los Mamiferos del Bosque Semideciduo Neotropical de Lomerio (Bolivia). Interacción Indigena, thesis, Universitat de Barcelona (1997); D. Rumiz and L. Solar, La caza, su impacto y aporte económico en una concesión forestal del Bajo Paraguá (BOLFOR, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 1996).
42. State Government of Sarawak, Wild Life Protection Ordinance, Sarawak Government Gazette, Vol. VI (NS), No. 2 (1998)
43. Rural communities and their leaders have given strong support to the trade ban because hunting for subsistence is still allowed and they see these measures as conserving their wildlife resources [State Government of Sarawak, Proceedings of the Dewan Undangan Negeri, First Sitting (Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, 1998)].
44. Government of Bolivia, Historical Ecological Pause and its regulations (DS 22407, La Paz, Bolivia, 1990).
45. Government of Bolivia, Forestry Law 1700 and its regulations (DS 24453, La Paz, Bolivia, 1996).
46. Some companies are actively collaborating with conservation programs to establish best practices for wildlife management on concessions - for example, the Congolaise Industrielle des Bois in Congo and the Samling Strategic Corporation in Sarawak are collaborating with WCS field programs. Another encouraging sign is an initiative involving the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the World Bank that promotes sustainable commercial forestry [The World Bank/WWF Alliance for Forest Conservation and Sustainable Use, fact sheet, 29 April 1998].
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52. Funding was provided in part by the U.S. Agency for International Development, the Art Ortenberg/Liz Claiborne Foundation in Bolivia and Congo, and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation in Sarawak. We especially thank the state government of Sarawak for supporting our collaborative efforts.