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Volumn 286, Issue 5440, 1999, Pages 763-765

A triassic fauna from Madagascar, including early dinosaurs

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DINOSAUR; TRIASSIC;

EID: 0033595730     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.286.5440.763     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (74)

References (33)
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    • note
    • The name Traversodontidae has not previously been defined formally. To facilitate discussion, we thus define Traversodontidae as the clade consisting of all eucynodont species sharing a more recent common ancestor with Exaeretodon than with Probainognathus or Mammalia. Although the membership of certain taxa in the clade just named Traversodontidae is disputed, UA-10601 is undoubtedly a member of this dade.
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    • We used PAUP [D. L. Swofford, PAUP 3.1.1 (Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, IL, 1993)] analysis of cranio-dental features in UA-10601 and selected early eucynodonts. The single most parsimonious tree (23 steps; 19 characters; retention index = 0.909) yields a phylogeny of [Luangwa (Massetognathus (Gomphodontosuchus [UA-10601 (Scalenodontoides, Exaeretodon)]))]. We place little credence in the basal nodes of this phylogeny, as these require a more exhaustive analysis than is possible here. We are confident, however, that UA-10601, Scalenodontoides, Exaeretodon, and Gomphodontosuchus share an ancestor not also common to Massetognathus and Luangwa, as the first four taxa share numerous synapomorphies. Numerous features distinguish UA-10601 from all earlier diverging (that is, pre-Late Triassic) traversodontids. It is obviously distinct from Scalenodontoides (25), the only Late Triassic eucynodont known from continental Africa, as well as from Exaeretodon.
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    • note
    • Supported by the National Geographic Society, the Field Museum, and the University of California, Santa Barbara. We gratefully acknowledge the Ministere de L'Energie et des Mines of Madagascar for authorizing this collaborative project S. Goodman and M. Ravokatra greatly facilitated our work, as did the support of A. Rasoamiaramanana and G. Ravololonarivo Randria. We thank R. Masek and the late S. McCarroll for preparation; J. Weinstein, K. Mazanek, and M. Donnelly for illustrations; J. Hopson and T. Rowe for earlier reviews of parts of this manuscript; and R. Andriantompohavana, L. Razafimanantsoa, A. Toto Volahy, J. A. Rabarison, A. Gandie, and P. Vavisaro for assistance in the field.


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