The scaling of eye size with body mass in birds

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 266, Issue 1417, 1999, Pages 405-412

  Brooke, M D L ^a   Hanley, S ^a   Laughlin, S B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Allometry; Eye; Flight speed body mass; Resolution; Visual ecology

Indexed keywords

ALLOMETRY; ARTICLE; BIRD; BODY MASS; EYE; FLIGHT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKULL; TIME;

AVES; CICONIIFORMES; COLUMBA; PSITTACIDAE; RAPTORES; STRIGIFORMES;

EID: 0033593922     PISSN: 09628452     EISSN: 14712970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1999.0652     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Bennett, P. M. & Harvey, P. H. 1985 Brain size, development and metabolism in birds and mammals. J. Zool. 207, 491-509.
2. Bennett, P. M. & Harvey, P. H. 1987 Active and resting metabolism in birds: allometry, phylogeny and ecology. J. Zool. 213, 327-363.
3. Cramp, S. (and co-editors) 1977-1994 Birds of the Western Palearctic. Nine volume series. Oxford University Press.
4. del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. 1992-1997 Handbook of the birds of the world, vol. 1-4. Barcelona: Lynx Editions.
5. Dunning, J. B. 1993 CRC handbook of avian body masses. London: CRC Press.
6. Harvey, P. H. & Pagel, M. D. 1991 The comparative method in evolutionary biology. Oxford University Press.
7. Hayes, B. P. & Brooke, M. de L. 1990 Retinal ganglion cell distribution and behaviour in procellariiform seabirds. Vision Res. 30, 1277-1289.
8. Hayes, B., Martin, G. R. & Brooke, M. de L. 1991 Novel area serving binocular vision in the retinae of procellariiform seabirds. Brain Behav. Evol. 37, 79-84.
9. Howland, H. C. & Merola, S. 1993 Size scaling of vertebrate eyes or when it is correct to say that an animal has a large eye? Proc. Soc. Promotion Visual Sci. 15, A 81.
10. Howland, H. C., Howland, M., Giunta, A. & Cronin, T. W. 1997 Corneal curvatures and refractions of Central American frogs. Vision Res. 37, 169-174.
11. Hughes, A. 1977 The topography of vision in mammals of contrasting life style: comparative optics and retinal organisation. In Handbook of sensory physiology, vol. VII/5 (ed. F. Crescitelli), pp. 613-756. Berlin Heidelberg New York: Springer.
12. Jerison, H. J. 1973 Evolution of the brain and intelligence. New York: Academic Press.
13. Kirschfeld, K. 1976 The resolution of lens and compound eyes. In Neural principles in vision (ed. F. Zettler & R. Weiler), pp. 354-370. Berlin Heidelberg-New York: Springer.
14. Laughlin, S. B. 1998 Observing design with compound eyes. In Principles of animal design (ed. E. R. Weibel, C. R. Taylor & L. Bolis), pp. 278-287. Cambridge University Press.
15. Martin, G. R. 1983 Schematic eye models in vertebrates. Prog. Sensory Physiol. 4, 43-81.
16. Martin, G. R. 1985 Eye. In Form and function in birds, vol. 3 (ed. A. S. King & J. McClelland), pp. 311-373. London: Academic Press.
17. Martin, G. R. 1998 Eye structure and amphibious foraging in albatrosses. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 265, 665-671.
18. Martin, G. R. & Brooke, M. de L. 1991 The eye of a procellariiform seabird, the manx shearwater, Puffinus puffinus -visual-fields and optical structure. Brain Behav. Evol. 37, 65-78.
19. Martin, G. R. & Katzir, G. 1995 Visual fields in ostriches. Nature 374, 19-20.
20. Martin, R. D. 1981 Relative brain size and basal metabolic rate in terrestrial vertebrates. Nature 293, 57-60.
21. Martin, R. D. 1996 Scaling of the mammalian brain: the maternal energy hypothesis. News Physiol. Sci. 11, 149-156.
22. Norberg, U. M. 1990 Vertebrate flight. Heidelberg: Springer.
23. Norberg, U. M. 1996 Energetics of flight. In Avian energetics and nutritional ecology (ed. C. Carey), pp. 199-249. New York: Chapman & Hall.
24. Payne, R. S. 1971 Acoustic location of prey by barn owls (Tyto alba). J. Exp. Biol. 54, 535-573.
25. Pennycuick, C. J. 1997 Actual and 'optimum' flight speeds: field data reassessed. J. Exp. Biol. 200, 2355-2361.
26. Peters, J. L. 1931-1986 Checklist of birds of the world. 15 volume series. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
27. Purvis, A. & Rambaut, A. 1995 Comparative analysis by independent contrasts (CAIC): an Apple Macintosh application for analysing comparative data. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 11, 247-251.
28. Rayner, J. M. V. 1985 Linear relations in biomechanies: the statistics of scaling functions. J. Zool. 206, 415-439.
29. Rayner, J. M. V. 1988 Form and function in avian flight. Curr. Ornithol. 5, 1-66.
30. Reymond, L. 1985 Spatial visual-acuity of the eagle Aquila audax - a behavioral, optical and anatomical investigation. Vision Res. 25, 1477-1491.
31. Ricklefs, R. E. 1996 Morphometry of the digestive tracts of some passerine birds. Condor 98, 279-292.
32. Ricklefs, R. E. & Starck, J. M. 1996 Applications of phylogenetically independent constrasts: a mixed progress report. Oikos 77, 167-172.
33. Sibley, C. G. & Ahlquist, J. E. 1990 Phylogeny and classification of birds: a study in molecular evolution. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
34. Siegel-Causey, D. 1997 Phylogeny of the Pelecaniformes: molecular systematics of a primative group. In Avian molecular evolution and systematics (ed. D. P. Mindell), pp. 159-171. San Diego: Academic Press.
35. Snyder, A. W. & Miller, W. H. 1978 Telephoto lens system of falconiform eyes. Nature 275, 127-129.
36. Sokal, R. R. & Rohlf, F. J. 1995 Biometry, 3rd edn. New York: W. H. Freeman.
37. Thomas, R. J. 1999 Eye size in birds, and the timing of song at dawn and dusk. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. (Submitted.)
38. Walls, G. L. 1942 The vertebrate eye and its adaptive radiation. Bloomfield Hills: Cranbrook Institute of Science.
39. Weathers, W. W. & Siegel, R. B. 1995 Body size establishes the scaling of avian metabolic rate: an interspecific analysis using phylogenetically independent contrasts. Ibis 137, 532-542.