Vegetation dynamics after a prescribed fire in the southern Appalachians

Forest Ecology and Management

Volumn 114, Issue 2-3, 1999, Pages 199-213

  Elliott, Katherine J ^a   L Hendrick, Ronald ^b   Major, Amy E ^b   Vose, James M ^a   Swank, Wayne T ^a  

^a USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Diversity; Herbaceous flora; Kalmia latifolia; Mortality; Pine oak heath; Pinus rigida; Quercusspp; Restoration; Species nomenclature follows Radford et al. (1968)

Indexed keywords

BURNING; FOREST COVER; VEGETATION DYNAMICS;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0033593886     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00351-X     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Abrahamson W.G. Post-fire recovery of Florida Lake Wales Ridge vegetation. Am. J. Bot. 71:1984;9-21.
2. Abrams M.D., Nowacki G.J. Historical variation in fire, oak recruitment, and post-logging accelerated succession in central Pennsylvania. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 119:1992;19-28.
3. Barden L.S., Woods F.W. Effects of fire on pine and pine-hardwood forests in the southern Appalachians. For. Sci. 22:1976;399-403.
4. Brown, C.L., Kirkman, L.K., 1990. Trees of Georgia and Adjacent States. Timber Press, Portland, OR, 292 pp.
5. Buckner, E.R., 1989. Evolution of forest types in the southeast. In: Waldrop, T.A. (Ed.), Proceedings of pine-hardwood mixtures: A symposium on management and ecology of the type, 18-19 April 1989 at Atlanta, GA. US For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-58, pp. 27-33.
6. Christensen N.L. Changes in structure, pattern and diversity associated with climax forest maturation in Piedmont, North Carolina. Amer. Midl. Nat. 97:1977;176-188.
7. Clark, J.S., Robinson, J., 1993. Paleoecology of fire. In: Crutzen P.J., Goldammer, J.G. (Eds.), Wiley, New York, pp. 193-214.
8. Clinton B.D., Vose J.M., Swank W.T. Site preparation burning to improve southern Appalachian pine-hardwood stands: Vegetation composition and diversity of 13-year-old stands. Can. J. For. Res. 23:1993;2271-2277.
9. Crow T.T. Reproductive mode and mechanisms for self-replacement of northern red oak (Quercus rubra) - A review. For. Sci. 34:1988;19-40.
10. DeVivo, M.S., 1991. Indian use of fire and land clearance in the southern Appalachians. In: Nodvin, S.C., Waldrop, T.A. (Eds.), Fire and the environment: ecological and cultural perspectives. US For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-69, pp. 306-312.
11. Ducey M.J., Moser W.K., Ashton P.M.S. Effect of fire intensity on understory composition and diversity in a Kalmia-dominated oak forest, New England, USA. Vegetatio. 123:1996;81-90.
12. Elliott K.J., Boring L.R., Swank W.T., Haines B.R. Successional changes in plant species diversity and composition after clearcutting a southern Appalachian watershed. For. Ecol. Manage. 92:1997;67-85.
13. Elliott, K.J., Vose, J.M., Swank, W.T., Bolstad, P.V., Long-term patterns in vegetation-site relationships in a southern Appalachian forest. Journal of Vegetation Science, in review.
14. Groeschl D.A., Johnson J.E., Smith D.W. Early vegetative response to wild fire in a table mountain - pitch pine forest. Intern. J. Wildl. Fire. 2:1992;177-184.
15. Harmon M.E. Fire history of the westernmost portion of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 109:1982;74-79.
16. Hoffman C.H., Anderson R.F. Effect of southern pine beetle on timber losses and natural restocking. J. For. 43:1945;436-439.
17. Hooper, R.M., 1969. Prescribed burning for laurel and rhododendron control in the southern Appalachians. U.S. For. Serv. Res. Note SE-116, p. 6.
18. Johnson, P.S., 1985. Regenerating oaks in the Lake States. In: Johnson, J.E. (Ed.), Proceedings, Challenges in oak management and utilization, 28-29 March 1985 at Madison, WI, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Wisconsin-Extension, pp. 98-109.
19. Keyser, P.D., Brose, P., van Lear, D., Burtner, K.M., 1996. Enhancing oak regeneration with fire in shelterwood stands: Preliminary trials. Trans. 61st No. Am. Wildl. and Natur. Resour. Conf., pp. 215-219.
20. Langdon, O.G., 1981. Some effects of prescribed fire on understory vegetation in loblolly pine stands. In: Proceedings, Prescribed fire and wildfire in southern forests, 6-8 April 1981 at Myrtle Beach, SC, Clemson University, pp. 143-153.
21. Ledig, F.T., Little, S., 1979. Pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.): Ecology, physiology, and genetics. In: Forman, R.T.T. (Ed.), Pine barrens: ecosystem and landscape. Academic Press, New York, pp. 347-372.
22. Lorimer C.G. Development of the red maple understory in northeastern oak forests. For. Sci. 30:1984;3-22.
23. Lorimer, C.G., 1985. The role of fire in perpetuation of oak forests. In: John, J.E. (Ed.), Challenges in Oak Management and Utilization, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, pp. 8-25.
24. Lorimer, C.G., 1993. Causes of the oak regeneration problem. In: Loftis, D.L., McGee, C.E. (Eds.), Oak Regeneration: Serious Problems Practical Recommendations, Symposium Proceedings, 8-10 September 1992 at Knoxville, TN, U.S. For. Serv. Gen Tech. Rep. SE-84, pp. 66-78.
25. Magurran, A.E., 1988. Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, p. 179.
26. Major, A.E., 1996. The effects of stand-replacement fires on pine and oak communities in the southern Appalachians. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, p. 89.
27. Matlack G.R., Gibson D.J., Good R.E. Regeneration of the shrub Gaylussacia baccata and associated species after low-intensity fire in an Atlantic coastal plain forest. Am. J. Bot. 80:1993;158-173.
28. McGee G.G., Leopold D.J., Nyland R.D. Understory response to spring-time prescribed fire in two New York transition oak forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 76:1995;149-168.
29. McGinty, D.T., 1972. The ecological roles of Kalmia latifolia L. and Rhododendron maximum L. in the hardwood forest at Coweeta. M.Sc. thesis, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, p. 81.
30. Nicholas, N.S., White, P.S., 1984. The effect of southern pine beetle on fuel loading in yellow pine forest of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Natl. Park Service, Research/Resource Management Report SER-73, U.S. Department of Interior, p. 31.
31. Nowacki G.J., Abrams M.D., Lorimer C.G. Composition, structure, and historical development of northern red oak stands along an edaphic gradient in north-central Wisconsin. For. Sci. 36:1990;276-292.
32. Nowacki G.J., Abrams M.D. Community, edaphic, and historical analysis of mixed-oak forests of the Ridge and Valley province in central Pennsylvania. Can. J. For. Res. 22:1992;790-800.
33. Pielou E.C. The measurement of diversity in different types of biological collections. J. Theor. Bio. 13:1966;131-144.
34. Radford, A.E., Ahles, H.E., Bell, C.R., 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, p. 1183.
35. Schmalzer P.A., Hinkle C.R. Recovery of oak-saw palmetto scrub after fire. Castanea. 57:1992;158-173.
36. Smith, R.N., 1991. Species composition, stand structure, and woody detrital dynamics associated with pine mortality in the southern Appalachians. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, p. 163.
37. Stephenson, L.L., Ash, A.N., Stauffer, D.F., 1993. Appalachian oak forests. In: Martin, W.H., Boyce, S.G., Echternacht, A.C. (Eds.), Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States, Upland Terrestrial Communities, Wiley, New York, pp. 305-338.
38. Swank, W.T., McNulty, S.G., Swift, L.W., Jr., 1994. Opportunities for forest hydrology applications to ecosystem management. In: Ohta, T., Fukushima, Y., Suzuki, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Forest Hydrology; 24-28 October 1994 at Tokyo, Japan, International Union of Forestry Research Organization, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 19-29.
39. Swift L.W. Jr., Elliott K.J., Ottmar R.D. .D.a, Vihnanek R.E. Site preparation burning to improve Southern Appalachian pine-hardwood stands: fire characteristics and soil erosion, moisture, and temperature. Can. J. For. Res. 23:1993;2242-2254.
40. Thomas, D.J., 1996. Soil Survey of Macon County, North Carolina. USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington, DC, p. 322.
41. van Lear, D.H., 1991. Fire and oak regeneration in the southern Appalachians. In: Nodvin, S.C., Waldrop, T.A. (Eds.), Fire and the environment: Ecological and cultural perspectives. US For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-69, pp. 15-21.
42. van Lear, D.H., Johnson, V.J., 1983. Effects of prescribed burning in the southern Appalachian and upper Piedmont forest: A review. Department of Forestry, Clemson University, Bulletin 36.
43. van Lear, D.H., Waldrop, T.A., 1989. History, use, and effects of fire in the Appalachians. US For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-54, p. 20.
44. van Lear, D.H., Watt, J.M., 1993. The role of fire in oak regeneration. In: Loftis, D.L., McGee, C.E. (Eds.), Oak Regeneration: Serious Problems Practical Recommendations, Symposium Proceedings, 8-10 September 1992 at Knoxville, TN, US For. Serv. Gen Tech. Rep. SE-84, pp. 66-78.
45. Vose, J.M., Swank, W.T., Clinton, B.D., 1994. Fire, drought, and forest management influences on pine/hardwood ecosystems in the southern Appalachians. In: Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Fire and Forest Meteorology at Jekyll Island, GA, 26-28 October 1993, pp. 232-238.
46. Vose, J.M., Swank, W.T., Clinton, B.D., Hendrick, R.L., Major, A.E., 1997. Using fire to restore pine/hardwood ecosystems in the southern Appalachians of North Carolina. In: Proceedings of Fire Effects on Rare and Endangered Species and Habitats Conference at Couer De Alene, ID, 13-16 November 1995, Association of Wildland Fire, Spokane, WA.
47. Vose, J.M., Swank, W.T., Clinton, B.D., Knoepp, J.D., Swift, L.W., Jr., Using prescribed fire to restore southern Appalachian pine-hardwood ecosystems: Effects on mass, carbon, and nutrients. For. Ecol. Manage., in review.
48. Ward, J.S., Stephens, G.R., 1989. Long-term effects of a 1932 surface fire on stand structure in a Connecticut mixed-hardwoods forest. In: Rink, G., Budelsky, C.A. (Eds.), Proceedings, 7th Central Hardwood Forest conference, Southern Illinois University. U.S. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-132, pp. 267-273.