Krill-copepod interactions at South Georgia, Antarctica, II. Euphausia superba as a major control on copepod abundance

Marine Ecology Progress Series

Volumn 176, Issue , 1999, Pages 63-79

  Atkinson, A ^a   Ward, P ^a   Hill, A ^a   Brierley, A S ^a   Cripps, G C ^a  

^a BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antarctic krill; Copepods; Distribution; Euphausia superba; Feeding interactions; Population control; South Georgia; Southern Ocean

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; COMPETITION; ZOOPLANKTON;

SOUTH GEORGIA AND THE SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS;

EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA;

EID: 0033580049     PISSN: 01718630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3354/meps176063     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. Antezana T, Ray K (1984) Active feeding of Euphausia superba in a swarm north of Elephant Island. J Crustac Biol 4(Spec No. 1):142-155
2. Atkinson A (1995) Omnivory and feeding selectivity in five copepod species during spring in the Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica. ICES J Mar Sci 52:385-396
3. Atkinson A (1998) Life cycle strategies of Antarctic copepods. J Mar Syst 15:289-311
4. Atkinson A, Peck JM (1990) The distribution of zooplankton in relation to the South Georgia shelf in summer and winter. In: Kerry KR, Hempel G (eds) Antarctic ecosystems. Ecological change and conservation. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 159-165
5. Atkinson A, Snÿder R (1997) Krill-copepod interactions at South Georgia, Antarctica, I. Omnivory by Euphausia superba. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 160:63-76
6. Atkinson A, Ward P, Peck JM, Murray AWA (1990) Mesoscale distribution of zooplankton around South Georgia. Deep-Sea Res 37:1213-1227
7. Atkinson A, Ward P, Williams R, Poulet SA (1992) Feeding rates and diel vertical migration of copepods near South Georgia: comparison of shelf and oceanic sites. Mar Biol 114:49-56
8. Atkinson A, Shreeve RS, Pakhomov EA, Priddle J, Blight SP, Ward P (1996) Zooplankton response to a phytoplankton bloom near South Georgia, Antarctica. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 144:195-210
9. Atkinson A, Schnack-Schiel SB, Ward P, Marin V (1997) Regional differences in the life cycle of Calanoides acutus (Copepoda: Calanoida) within the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 150:99-111
10. Bathmann UV, Makarov RR, Spiridonov VA, Rohardt G (1993) Winter distribution and overwintering strategies of the Antarctic copepod species Calanoides acutus, Rhincalanus gigas and Calanus propinquus (Crustacea, Calanoida) in the Weddell Sea. Polar Biol 13:333-346
11. Bollens SM, Stearns DE (1992) Predator-induced changes in the diel feeding cycle of a planktonic copepod. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 156:179-186
12. Boyd IL, Croxall JP, Lunn NJ, Reid K (1995) Population demography of Antarctic fur seals: the costs of reproduction and implications for life histories. J Anim Ecol 64:505-518
13. Brierley AS, Watkins JL (1996) Acoustic targets at South Georgia and the South Orkney islands during a season of krill scarcity. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 138:51-61
14. Brierley AS, Watkins JL, Murray AWA (1997) Interannual variability in krill abundance at South Georgia. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 150:87-98
15. Brierley AS, Watkins JL, Goss C (1998) Krill biomass estimates for South Georgia, December/January 1996/1997. In: CCAMLR scientific abstracts. CCAMLR, Hobart, p 20
16. CCAMLR (1996) Statistical bulletin, Vol 8. CCAMLR, Hobart
17. Croxall JP, Rothery P (1995) Population change in gentoo penguins Pygoscelis papua at Bird Island, South Georgia: potential roles for adult survival, recruitment and deferred breeding. In: Dann P, Norman I, Reilly P (eds) The penguins. Surrey Beatty & Sons Pty Ltd, Chipping Norton, NSW, p 26-38
18. Dawidowicz P, Pijanowska J, Ciechomski K (1990) Vertical migration of Chaoborus larvae is induced by the presence of fish. Limnol Oceanogr 35:1631-1637
19. Everson I (1984) Marine interactions. In: Laws RM (ed) Antarctic ecology, Vol 2. Academic Press Inc, London, p 783-819
20. Everson I, Bone DG (1986) Effectiveness of the RMT-8 system for sampling krill (Euphausia superba) swarms. Polar Biol 6:83-90
21. Everson I, Goss C (1991) Krill fishing activity in the southwest Atlantic. Antarct Sci 3:351-358
22. Fortier L, Le Fevre J, Legendre L (1994) Export of biogenic carbon to fish and to the deep ocean: the role of large planktonic macrophages. J Plankton Res 16:809-839
23. Foxton P (1956) The distribution of the standing crop of zooplankton in the Southern Ocean. Discovery Rep 28: 191-236
24. Froneman PW, Pakhomov EA, Perissinotto R, McQuaid CD (1996) Role of microplankton in the diet and daily ration of Antarctic zooplankton species during austral summer. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 143:15-23
25. Frost BW, Bollens SM (1992) Variability of diel vertical migration in the marine planktonic copepod Pseudocalanus newmani in relation to its predators. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 49:1137-1141
26. Hamner WM, Hamner PP, Strand SW, Gilmer RW (1983) Behavior of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba: chemoreception, feeding, schooling and molting. Science 220: 433-435
27. Hardy AC (1936) Observations on the uneven distribution of oceanic plankton. Discovery Rep 11:511-538
28. Hardy AC, Gunther ER (1935) The plankton of the South Georgia whaling grounds and adjacent waters, 1926-1927. Discovery Rep 11:1-456
29. Hopkins TL (1971) Zooplankton standing crop in the Pacific sector of the Antarctic. Antarct Res Ser 17:347-362
30. Hopkins TL (1985) Food web of an Antarctic midwater ecosystem. Mar Biol 89:197-212
31. Hopkins TL, Torres JJ (1989) Midwater food web in the vicinity of a marginal ice zone in the western Weddell Sea. Deep-Sea Res 36:543-560
32. Hopkins TL, Ainley DG, Torres JJ, Lancraft TM (1993a) Trophic structure in open waters of the marginal ice zone in the Scotia-Weddell confluence region during spring (1983). Polar Biol 13:389-397
33. Hopkins TL, Lancraft TM, Torres JJ, Donnelly J (1993b) Community structure and trophic ecology of zooplankton in the Scotia Sea marginal ice zone in winter (1988). Deep-Sea Res 40:81-105
34. Hosie GW (1994) The macroplankton communities in the Prydz Bay region, Antarctica. In: El-Sayed SZ (ed) Southern Ocean ecology: the BIOMASS perspective. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 93-123
35. Hosie GW, Cochran TG (1994) Mesoscale distribution patterns of macrozooplankton communities in Prydz Bay, Antarctica - January to February 1991. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 106:21-39
36. Huntley ME, Sykes PF, Marin V (1989) Biometry and trophodynamics of Salpa thompsoni Foxton (Tunicata: Thaliacea) near the Antarctic Peninsula in austral summer, 1983-1984. Polar Biol 10:59-70
37. Huntley ME, Nordhausen W, Lopez MDG (1994) Elemental composition, metabolic activity and growth of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba during winter. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 107:23-40
38. Kawamura A (1986) Has marine Antarctic ecosystem changed? - A tentative comparison of present and past macrozooplankton abundances. In: Hoshai T, Nemoto T (eds) Proceedings of the Seventh Symposium on Polar Biology. Mem Nat) Inst Polar Res 40:197-211
39. Kopczynska EE (1992) Dominance of microflagellates over diatoms in the Antarctic areas of deep vertical mixing and krill concentrations. J Plankton Res 14:1031-1054
40. Loeb V, Siegel V, Holm-Hansen O, Hewitt R, Fraser W, Trivelpiece W, Trivelpiece S (1997) Effects of sea ice extent and krill or salp dominance on the Antarctic food web. Nature 387:897-900
41. Longhurst AR, Williams R (1976) Improved filtration systems for multiple-serial plankton samplers and their deployment. Deep-Sea Res 23:1067-1073
42. Lopez MDG, Huntley ME, Lovette JT (1993) Calanoides acutus in Gerlache Strait, Antarctica, I. Distribution of late copepodite stages and reproduction during spring. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 100:153-165
43. Mackintosh NA (1934) Distribution of the macroplankton in the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic. Discovery Rep 9:65-160
44. Mackintosh NA (1973) Distribution of post larval krill in the Antarctic. Discovery Rep 36:95-156
45. Madureira LSP, Everson I, Murphy EJ (1993a) Interpretation of acoustic data at two frequencies to determine between Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) and other scatterers. J Plankton Res 15:787-802
46. Madureira LSP, Ward P, Atkinson A (1993b) Differences in backscattering strength determined at 120 and 38 kHz for three species of Antarctic macroplankton. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 93:17-24
47. Makarov RR, Serebryakova MV, Solyankin YeV (1984) Phytoplankton drift transport and distribution in the vicinity of South Georgia island. Oceanology 24:110-115
48. Marin V (1987) The oceanographic structure of the eastern Weddell Sea: Part VI - distribution of copepod species in relation to hydrography in 1981. Deep-Sea Res 34: 105-121
49. Marr J (1962) The natural history and geography of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana. Discovery Rep 32:33-464
50. McClatchie S (1985) Feeding behaviour of Meganyctiphanes norvegica (M. Sars) (Crustacea: Euphausiacea). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 86:271-284
51. Miller DGM, Hampton I (1989) Biology and ecology of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana): a review. BIOMASS series, Vol 9, Cambridge
52. Morris DJ, Watkins JL, Ricketts C, Bucholz F, Priddle J (1988) An assessment of the merit of length and weight measurements of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. Br Antarct Surv Bull 79:27-50
53. Murphy E, Everson I, Murray A (1991) Analyses of acoustic line-transect data from the waters around South Georgia: estimation of krill (Euphausia superba Dana)-biomass. In: Selected scientific papers 1991 (SC-CAMLR-SSP/8). CCAMLR, Hobart, p 225-243
54. Nishino Y, Kawamura A (1994) Winter gut contents of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) collected in the South Georgia area. Proc NIPR Symp Polar Biol 7:83-90
55. Nordhausen W, Huntley M (1992) RACER: carnivory by Euphausia superba during the antarctic winter. Antarct J US 27:181-183
56. Øresland V (1990) Feeding and predation impact of the chaetognath Eukrohnia hamata in Gerlache Strait, Antarctic Peninsula. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 63:201-209
57. Pakhomov EA, Perissinotto R (1996) Trophodynamics of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto gaudichaudii in the South Georgia region during late austral summer. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 134:91-100
58. Pakhomov EA, Perissinotto R, Froneman PW, Miller DGM (1997a) Energetics and feeding dynamics of Euphausia superba in the South Georgia region during the summer of 1994. J Plankton Res 19:399-423
59. Pakhomov EA, Verhaye HM, Atkinson A, Laubscher RK, Taunton-Clarke J (1997b) Structure and grazing impact of the mesozooplankton community during late summer 1994 near South Georgia, Antarctica. Polar Biol 18: 180-192
60. Pavlov VYa (1969) The feeding of krill and some features of its behaviour. Trudy Vses Nauchno-Issled Ryb Khoz Okeanogr 66:207-222 (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, UK, Translation No. NS 94)
61. Perissinotto R, Pakhomov EA, McQuaid CD, Froneman PW (1997) In situ grazing rates and daily ration of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba feeding on phytoplankton at the Antarctic Polar Front and the Marginal Ice Zone. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 160:77-91
62. Piatkowski U (1989) Macroplankton communities in Antarctic surface waters: spatial changes related to hydrography. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 55:251-259
63. Pommeranz T, Hermann C, Kuhn C (1983) Mouth angles of the Rectangular Midwater Trawl (RMT 1+8) during paying out and hauling. Meeresforschung 29:267-274
64. Pond D, Priddle J, Sargent J, Watkins JL (1993) Lipid composition of Antarctic microplankton in relation to the nutrition of krill. In: Heywood RB (ed) University research in Antarctica 1989-92. Proceedings of the British Antarctic Survey Special Topic Award Scheme Round 2 Symposium. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, p 133-139
65. Price HJ (1989) Swimming behaviour of krill in response to algal patches. Limnol Oceanogr 34:649-659
66. Price HJ, Boyd KR, Boyd CM (1988) Omnivorous feeding behavior of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Mar Biol 97:67-77
67. Priddle J, Heywood RB, Theriot E (1986) Some environmental factors influencing phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean around South Georgia. Polar Biol 5:65-79
68. Priddle J, Whitehouse MJ, Atkinson A, Brierley AS, Murphy EJ (1997) Diurnal changes in near-surface ammonium concentration - interplay between zooplankton and phytoplankton. J Plankton Res 19:1305-1330
69. Quetin LB, Ross RM (1991) Behavioral and physiological characteristics of the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. Am Zool 31:49-63
70. Roe HSJ, Shale DM (1979) A new Multiple Rectangular Midwater Trawl (RMT 1+8) and some modifications to the Institute of Oceanographic Science's RMT 1+8. Mar Biol 50:283-288
71. Roe HSJ, Baker ADeC, Carson RM, Wild R, Shale DM (1980) Behaviour of the Institute of Oceanographic Science's Rectangular Midwater Trawl: theoretical aspects and experimental observations. Mar Biol 56:247-259
72. Rose GA, Leggett WC (1990) The importance of scale to predator-prey spatial correlations: an example of Atlantic fishes. Ecology 71:33-43
73. Schnack SB (1985) Feeding by Euphausia superba and copepod species in response to varying concentrations of phytoplankton. In: Siegfried WR, Condy PR, Laws RM (eds) Antarctic nutrient cycles and food webs. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 311-323
74. Schnack-Schiel SB, Hagen W (1995) Life cycle strategies of Calanoides acutus, Calanus propinquus, and Metridia gerlachei (Copepoda: Calanoida) in the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica. ICES J Mar Sci 52:541-548
75. Shulenberger E, Wormuth JH, Loeb VJ (1984) A large swarm of Euphausia superba: overview of patch structure and composition. J Crustac Biol 4(Spec No. 1):75-95
76. Siegel V, Loeb V (1995) Recruitment of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba and possible causes for its variability. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 123:45-56
77. Siegel V, Piatkowski U (1990) Variability in the macrozooplankton community off the Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biol 10:373-386
78. Smetacek V, Scharek R, Nöthig EM (1990) Seasonal and regional variation in the pelagial and its relationship to the life history of krill. In: Kerry KR, Hempel G (eds) Antarctic ecosystems. Ecological change and conservation. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 103-114
79. Theriot E, Fryxell G (1985) Multivariate statistical analysis of net diatom species distributions in the southwest Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Polar Biol 5:23-30
80. Trathan PN, Brandon MA, Murphy EJ (1997) Characterisation of the Antarctic Polar Front Zone to the north of South Georgia in summer 1994. J Geophys Res 102:10483-10497
81. Trathan PN, Everson I, Murphy EJ, Parkes G (1998) Analysis of haul data from the South Georgia fishery. CCAMLR Sci 5:9-30
82. Verity PG, Smetacek V (1996) Organism life cycles, predation, and the structure of pelagic marine ecosystems. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 130:277-293
83. von Rodungen B (1986) Phytoplankton growth and krill grazing during spring in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica - implications from sediment trap collections. Polar Biol 6: 153-160
84. Vuorinen I, Hänninen J, Bonsdorff E, Boorman B, Angel MV (1997) Temporal and spatial variation of dominant pelagic Copepoda (Crustacea) in the Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean), 1929 to 1993. Polar Biol 18:280-291
85. Ward P, Atkinson A, Murray AWA, Wood AG, Williams R, Poulet SA (1995) The summer zooplankton community at South Georgia: biomass, vertical migration and grazing. Polar Biol 15:195-208
86. Ward P, Shreeve RS, Cripps GC, Trathan PN (1996) Mesoscale distribution and population dynamics of Rhincalanus gigas and Calanus simillimus in the Antarctic open ocean and Polar Frontal Zone during summer. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 140:21-32
87. Ward P, Atkinson A, Schnack-Schiel SB, Murray AWA (1997) Regional variation in the life cycle of Rhincalanus gigas (Copepoda: Calanoida) in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean - re-examination of existing data (1928-1993). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 157:261-275
88. Whitehouse MJ, Priddle J, Symon C (1996a) Seasonal and annual change in seawater temperature, salinity, nutrient and chlorophyll a distributions around South Georgia, South Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res 43:425-443
89. Whitehouse MJ, Priddle J, Trathan PN, Brandon MA (1996b) Substantial open-ocean phytoplankton blooms to the north of South Georgia, South Atlantic, during summer 1994. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 140:187-197
90. Zar JH (1984) Biostatistical analysis. Prentice Hall International (UK) Ltd, London