Biotechnology and food security in the 21st century

Science

Volumn 285, Issue 5426, 1999, Pages 387-389

  Serageldin, Ismail ^a  

^a WORLD BANK   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH; BIOTECHNOLOGY; FOOD SUPPLY;

AGRICULTURE; BIOTECHNOLOGY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; ECONOMIC ASPECT; ETHICS; FOOD INDUSTRY; FOOD SAFETY; NONHUMAN; NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE; PATENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TRANSGENIC PLANT;

AGRICULTURE; BIOTECHNOLOGY; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; CROPS, AGRICULTURAL; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FOOD; GENETIC ENGINEERING; INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY; PATENTS; PLANTS, GENETICALLY MODIFIED; POVERTY; PRIVATE SECTOR; PUBLIC SECTOR; RESEARCH;

EID: 0033575393     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5426.387     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 1998 (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1998), p. 19.
2. G. Conway, The Doubly Green Revolution: Food for All in the 21st Century (Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, NY, 1998), pp. 44-65.
3. See, for example, G. Borgstrom, The Food and People Dilemma (Duxbury, North Scituate, MA, 1973); L. R. Brown, By Bread Alone (Praeger, New York, 1974); E. P. Eckholm, Losing Ground (Norton, New York, 1976).
4. See, for example, G. Borgstrom, The Food and People Dilemma (Duxbury, North Scituate, MA, 1973); L. R. Brown, By Bread Alone (Praeger, New York, 1974); E. P. Eckholm, Losing Ground (Norton, New York, 1976).
5. See, for example, G. Borgstrom, The Food and People Dilemma (Duxbury, North Scituate, MA, 1973); L. R. Brown, By Bread Alone (Praeger, New York, 1974); E. P. Eckholm, Losing Ground (Norton, New York, 1976).
6. G. Conway, in (2), pp. 4-5 and 44; P. Pinstrup-Andersen, R. Pandya-Lorch, M. W. Rosegrant, in (7), pp. 7-17.
7. G. Conway, in (2), pp. 4-5 and 44; P. Pinstrup-Andersen, R. Pandya-Lorch, M. W. Rosegrant, in (7), pp. 7-17.
8. P. Pinstrup-Andersen, R. Pandya-Lorch, M. W. Rosegrant, in (7), pp. 9-10 and 14; G. Conway, in (2), pp. 15-30.
9. P. Pinstrup-Andersen, R. Pandya-Lorch, M. W. Rosegrant, in (7), pp. 9-10 and 14; G. Conway, in (2), pp. 15-30.
10. For an optimistic view, see K. M. Leisinger, "Sociopolitical Effects of New Biotechnologies in Developing Countries," Food, Agriculture, and the Environment Discussion Paper No. 2 (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 1995), and for a pessimistic view, J. Rifkin, The Biotech Century (Tarcher/Putnam, New York, 1998). See also a careful and balanced view in the report of a panel of distinguished scientists, H. Kendall et al., Bioengineering of Crops, which was published in its entirety in I. Serageldin and W. Collins, Eds., Biotechnology and Bio-safety, Proceedings of a Workshop, Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Series (World Bank, Washington, DC, 1999), pp. 1-214.
11. For an optimistic view, see K. M. Leisinger, "Sociopolitical Effects of New Biotechnologies in Developing Countries," Food, Agriculture, and the Environment Discussion Paper No. 2 (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 1995), and for a pessimistic view, J. Rifkin, The Biotech Century (Tarcher/Putnam, New York, 1998). See also a careful and balanced view in the report of a panel of distinguished scientists, H. Kendall et al., Bioengineering of Crops, which was published in its entirety in I. Serageldin and W. Collins, Eds., Biotechnology and Bio-safety, Proceedings of a Workshop, Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Series (World Bank, Washington, DC, 1999), pp. 1-214.
12. For an optimistic view, see K. M. Leisinger, "Sociopolitical Effects of New Biotechnologies in Developing Countries," Food, Agriculture, and the Environment Discussion Paper No. 2 (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 1995), and for a pessimistic view, J. Rifkin, The Biotech Century (Tarcher/Putnam, New York, 1998). See also a careful and balanced view in the report of a panel of distinguished scientists, H. Kendall et al., Bioengineering of Crops, which was published in its entirety in I. Serageldin and W. Collins, Eds., Biotechnology and Bio-safety, Proceedings of a Workshop, Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Series (World Bank, Washington, DC, 1999), pp. 1-214.
13. P. Pinstrup-Andersen, R. Pandya-Lorch, M. W. Rosegrant, The World Food Situation: Recent Developments, Emerging Issues, and Long-Term Prospects, 2020 Vision Food Policy Report (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 1997).
14. United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects: The 1998 Revisions (United Nations, New York, 1999).
15. IFPRI, A 2020 Vision for Food, Agriculture, and the environment: The Vision, Challenge, and Recommended Action (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 1995).
16. Remarks in I. Serageldin and D. Steeds, Eds., Rural Well-Being: From Vision to Action, Proceedings of the Fourth Annual World Bank Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Development (World Bank, Washington, DC, 1997), p. 43.
17. P. B. R. Hazell, "Agricultural Growth, Poverty Alleviation, and Environmental Sustainability: Having It All," 2020 Brief No. 59 (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 1999).
18. P. Pinstrup-Andersen, R. Pandya Lorch, M. W. Rosegrant, in (7), pp. 12 and 23-25.
19. For further discussion, see P. B. R. Hazell and E. Lutz, Eds., Agriculture and the Environment: Perspectives on Sustainable Rural Development, a World Bank Symposium (World Bank, Washington, DC, 1998).
20. C. James, "Global Review of Commercialized Transgenie Crops: 1998," ISAM Brief No. 8 (1999), available at www.Isaaa.org, the Web site of the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications, accessed 17 May 1999.
21. _, "Global Status of Transgenic Crops in 1997," ISAAA Brief No. 5 (1997), available at www.isaaa.org, accessed 17 May 1999.
22. For a good overview of industry consolidation, see M. Hayenga, AgBioForum 1, 2 (1998), available at www.agbioforum.missouri.edu/, accessed 18 May 1999.
23. B. Johnson, personal communication (from a presentation at BioVision, Lyon, France, 26 March 1999).
24. See, for example, "BMA calls for open-ended moratorium on commercial GM planting," British Medical Association press release, 17 May 1999, available at www.bma.org.uk/news/990517.html; materials available on the Web sites of Pesticide Action Network-Asia Pacific (www.poptel.org.uk/panap), Pesticide Action Network-North America (www. panna.org), and Union of Concerned Scientists (www.ucsusa.org).
25. This position is articulated in postings on the Web site of the Biotechnology Industry Organization at www.bio.org.
26. This position is articulated in postings on the Web site of the Rural Advancement Foundation International at www.rafi.org.
27. CGIAR, Shaping the CGIAR's Future: Summary of Proceedings and Decisions, CGIAR International Centers Week, 26 to 30 October 1998 (CGIAR Secretariat, Washington, DC, 1998), pp. 52-53.
28. Documents on apomixis research at CGIAR Centers available at www.cgiar.org.
29. Some of these issues are discussed in greater detail in B. D. Wright, "Crop Genetic Resource Policy: Towards a Research Agenda," Environment and Production Technology Division Discussion Paper No. 19 (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 1996).