Large scale characterization of intertidal communities using a predictive model

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

Volumn 239, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 223-242

  Zacharias, Mark A ^a   Morris, Mary C ^b   Howes, Don E ^a  

^a Land Use Coordination Office   (Canada)

^b Archipelago Marine Research Ltd   (Canada)

Author keywords

Biotopes; Classification; Gap analysis; Intertidal; Modeling; Strait of Georgia

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; INTERTIDAL COMMUNITY; METHODOLOGY; MODEL; PREDICTION;

ARTICLE; CANADA; ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; PREDICTION; SEASHORE;

CANADA;

EID: 0033563913     PISSN: 00220981     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00037-4     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Allison, G.W., Lubchenco, J., Carr, M.H., 1998. Marine reserves are necessary but not sufficient for marine conservation. Ecolog. Appl. 8 (1), 79-92.
2. Beals, E.W., 1984. Bray-Curtis ordination: An effective strategy for analysis of multivariate ecological data. Adv. Ecolog. Res. 14, 1-55.
3. Brown, B., 1993. A Classification System of Marine and Estuarine Habitats in Maine: An Ecosystem Approach to Habitats. Part 1: Benthic habitats, Maine Natural Areas Program, Department of Economic and Community Development.
4. Carefoot, T., 1977. In: Pacific Seashores, University of Washington Press, Seattle, p. 208.
5. Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC, 1977. Shore Protection Manual, US Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Engineering Research Center, Vicksburg, MS.
6. Connor, D.W., Brazier, D.P., Hill, T.O., Northen, K.O., 1997. Marine nature conservation review: marine biotope classification for Britain and Ireland. In: Littoral Biotopes. Version 97.06. JNCC Report, No. 229, Vol. 1, Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough.
7. Crean, P.B., Murty, T.S., Stronach, J.A., 1988a. In: Mathematical Modeling of Tides and Estuarine Circulation, Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 471.
8. Crean, P.B., Murty, T.S., Stronach, J.A., 1988b. Numerical simulations of oceanographic processes in the waters between Vancouver Island and the mainland. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 26, 11-42.
9. Day, J., Roff, R., 1998. Planning For Representative Marine Protected Areas: A Framework For Canada's Oceans and Great Lakes, World Wildlife Fund for Nature, Toronto.
10. Denny, M.W., Daniel, T.L., Keohl, M.A.R., 1985. Mechanical limits to size in wave-swept organisms. Ecolog. Monogr. 55, 69-102.
11. Dethier, M.N., 1990. A marine and estuarine habitat classification system for Washington State. In: Washington Natural Heritage Program, Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, Washington, p. 59.
12. Gaugh, H.G., 1995. In: Multivariate Analysis in Community Ecology, Cambridge University Press, New York, p. 298.
13. Harper, J.R., 1995. Physical processes overview for the west coast of Vancouver Island. In: Report To the Land Use Coordination Office, Victoria British Columbia, p. 34.
14. Howes, D.E., Harper, J.R., Owens, E., 1994. In: British Columbia Physical Shore-zone Mapping System, British Columbia Resource Inventory Committee, Victoria, p. 84.
15. Johansen, H.W., 1972. Effects of elevation change on benthic algae in Prince William Sound. In: Krauskopf, K.B. (Ed.), The Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, pp. 35-68.
16. Kozloff, E.N., 1993. Seashore Life of the Northern Pacific Coast, University of Washington Press, Seattle. 370.
17. Mathsoft, 1996. S-PLUS guide to statistical and mathematical analysis, Version 3.4. Mathsoft, Seattle.
18. Menge, B.A., Daley, B.A., Wheeler, P.A., Strub, P.T., 1997. Rocky intertidal oceanography: An association between community structure and nearshore phytoplankton concentration. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42 (1), 57-66.
19. Menge, B.A., 1992. Community regulation - under what conditions are bottom-up factors important on rocky shores? Ecology 73, 755-765.
20. Menge, B.A., Ashkenas, L.R., Matson, A., 1983. Use of artificial holes in studying community development in cryptic marine habitats in a tropical intertidal region. Mar. Biol. 77, 129-142.
21. National Research Council, 1995. Understanding Marine Biodiversity, National Academy Press, Washington, 114.
22. Paine, R.T., Levin, S.A., 1981. Intertidal landscapes: disturbance and the dynamics of pattern. Ecolog. Monogr. 51, 145-178.
23. Raimondi, P.T., 1988. Rock type affects settlement, recruitment, and zonation of the barnacle Chthamalus anispoma Pilsbury. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 123, 253-267.
24. Robinson, C.L.K, Levings, C.D., 1995. An overview of habitat classification systems, ecological models, and geographic information systems applied to shallow foreshore marine habitats. Can. Manuscript Fish. Aquatic Sci 2322, 65.
25. Roughgarden, J., Pennington, T., Alexander, S., 1994. Dynamics of the rocky intertidal zone with remarks on generalization in ecology. Philosoph. Trans. Royal Soc. London B 343 (1303), 79-85.
26. Schoch, G.C., Dethier, M.N., 1997. Analysis of Shoreline Classification and Biophysical Data for Carr Inlet, Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, Washington.
27. Schoch, G.C., Dethier, M.N., 1996. Scaling up: the statistical linkage between organismal abundance and geomorphology on rocky intertidal shorelines. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 201, 37-72.
28. Seaconsult Marine Research Ltd, 1996. In: C3 Model Output Documentation and Users Guide, Seaconsult Marine Research Ltd, Vancouver, British Columbia, p. 10.
29. Seapy, R.R., Littler, M.M., 1978. The distribution, abundance, community structure, and primary productivity of macroorganisms from two central California rocky intertidal habitats. Pacific Sci. 32, 293-314.
30. Searing, G.F., Frith, H.R., 1995. In: British Columbia Biological Shore Zone Mapping System, British Columbia: Resource Inventory Committee, Victoria, p. 84.
31. Shepherd, S., Brown, L., 1993. What is an abalone stock? Implications for the role of Refugia in conservation. Can. J. Fish. Aqua. Sci. 50, 2001-2009.
32. Stronach, J.A., Backhaus, J.O., Murty, T.S., 1993. An update on the numerical simulation of oceanographic processes in the waters between Vancouver Island and the Mainland: the C3 model. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 31, 1-86.
33. Underwood, A.J., Jernakoff, P., 1984. The effects of tidal height, wave exposure, seasonality and rock pools on grazing and the distribution of intertidal macroalgae in New South Wales. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 75, 71-96.
34. Venables, W.N., Ripley, B.C. (Eds.), 1995. Modern Applied Statistics in Splus, Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 462.
35. Zacharias, M.A., Howes, D.E., Harper, J.R., Wainwright, P., 1998. The British Columbia marine ecosystem classification: Rationale, development, and verification. Coastal Manag. 26, 105-124.