An introduction to hierarchical linear modelling

Statistics in Medicine

Volumn 18, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 855-888

  Sullivan, Lisa M ^a   Dukes, Kimberly A ^b   Losina, Elena ^a  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b DM STAT Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASSAY; COMPUTER PROGRAM; COVARIANCE; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HYPOTHESIS; MICROCOMPUTER; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PHYSICIAN; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; SIMULATION; STATISTICAL MODEL; ADULT; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BIOMETRY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT; PATIENT SATISFACTION; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; REVIEW; STATISTICS;

ADULT; BIOMETRY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PATIENT SATISFACTION; PATIENTS; PHYSICIANS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS;

EID: 0033560362     PISSN: 02776715     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19990415)18:7<855::AID-SIM117>3.0.CO;2-7     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Bryk, A. S., Raudenbush, S. W. and Congdon, R. T. HLM Hierarchical Linear and Nonlinear Modeling with the HLM/2L and HLM/3L Programs, Scientific Software International Inc., Chicago, IL, 1996.
2. Littell, R. C., Milliken, G. A., Stroup, W. W. and Wolfinger, R. D. 'SAS®System for Mixed Models, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, 1996.
3. Greenfield, S., Kaplan, S. H., Silliman, R. S., Sullivan, L., Manning, W., D'Agostino, R., Singer, D. and Nathan, D. M. 'The uses of outcomes research for medical effectiveness, quality of care, and reimbursement in Type II diabetes', Diabetes Care, 17, Suppl 32-39 (1994).
4. Bryk, A. S. Raudenbush, S. W. Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, California, 1992.
5. Gatsonis, C. A., Epstein, A. M., Newhouse, J. P., Normand, S. L. and McNeil, B. J. 'Variations in the utilization of coronary angiography for elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction', Medical Care, 33, 625-642 (1995).
6. Skene, A. M. and Wakefield, J. C. 'Hierarchical models for multicentre binary response studies', Statistics in Medicine, 9, 919-929 (1990).
7. Wong, G. Y. and Mason, W. M. 'The hierarchical logistic regression model for multilevel analysis', Journal of the American Statistical Association, 80, 513-524 (1985).
8. Christiansen, C. L. and Morris, C. N. 'Hierarchical Poisson regression modeling', Journal of the American Statistical Association, 92, 618-632 (1997).
9. SAS Institute Inc., SAS/STAT®Software: Changes and Enhancements through Release 6.11, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, 1996.
10. Searle, S. R., Casella, G. and McCulloch, C. E. Variance Components, Wiley, New York, 1992.
11. Liang, K. Y. and Zeger, S. 'Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models', Biometrika, 73, 13-22 (1986).
12. Zeger, S. L., Liang, K. Y. and Albert, P. S. 'Models for longitudinal data: A generalized estimating equation approach', Biometrics, 44, 1049-1060 (1988).
13. Morris, C. N. 'Parametric empirical Bayes inference: theory and applications', Journal of the American Statistical Association, 78, 47-65 (1983).
14. Kreft, I. G., De Leeuw, J. and Van Der Leeden, R. 'Review of five multilevel analysis programs: BMDP-5V, GENMOD, HLM, ML3, VARCL', American Statistician, 48, 324-335 (1994).
15. Kaplan, S. H., Sullivan, L. M., Spetter, D., Dukes, K. A., Khan, A. and Greenfield, S. 'Gender and patterns of physician-patient communication', in Falik, M. M. and Collins, K. S. (eds), Women's Health: The Commonwealth Fund Survey, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1996.
16. Hall, J. A. and Dornan, M. C. 'Patient sociodemographic characteristics as predictors of satisfaction with medical care: A meta analysis', Social Science and Medicine, 30, 811-818 (1990).