메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 2313-2325

The superior olivary nucleus and its influence on nucleus laminaris: A source of inhibitory feedback for coincidence detection in the avian auditory brainstem

Author keywords

Avian superior olivary nucleus; Coincidence detection; GABAergic inhibition; Membrane conductance; Nucleus laminaris; Shunting effect

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BICUCULLINE METHIODIDE;

EID: 0033559450     PISSN: 02706474     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.19-06-02313.1999     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (114)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 17844399686 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of the avian auditory system
    • Boord RL (1969) The anatomy of the avian auditory system. Ann NY Acad Sci 167:147-155.
    • (1969) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.167 , pp. 147-155
    • Boord, R.L.1
  • 2
    • 0032520866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycine-activated currents are changed by coincident membrane depolarization in developing rat auditory brainstem neurons
    • Backus KH, Deitmer JW. Friauf E (1998) Glycine-activated currents are changed by coincident membrane depolarization in developing rat auditory brainstem neurons. J Physiol (Lond) 507:783-794.
    • (1998) J Physiol (Lond) , vol.507 , pp. 783-794
    • Backus, K.H.1    Deitmer, J.W.2    Friauf, E.3
  • 3
    • 0026340093 scopus 로고
    • Central projections of auditory nerve fibers in the barn owl
    • Carr CE, Boudreau RE (1991) Central projections of auditory nerve fibers in the barn owl. J Comp Neurol 314:306-318.
    • (1991) J Comp Neurol , vol.314 , pp. 306-318
    • Carr, C.E.1    Boudreau, R.E.2
  • 4
    • 0027295855 scopus 로고
    • Organization of the nucleus magnocellularis and the nucleus laminaris in the barn owl: Encoding and measuring interaural time differences
    • Carr CE, Boudreau RE (1993) Organization of the nucleus magnocellularis and the nucleus laminaris in the barn owl: encoding and measuring interaural time differences. J Comp Neurol 334:337-355.
    • (1993) J Comp Neurol , vol.334 , pp. 337-355
    • Carr, C.E.1    Boudreau, R.E.2
  • 5
    • 0342364227 scopus 로고
    • Axonal delay lines for time measurement in the owl's brainstem
    • Carr CE, Konishi M (1988) Axonal delay lines for time measurement in the owl's brainstem. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:8311-8315.
    • (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.85 , pp. 8311-8315
    • Carr, C.E.1    Konishi, M.2
  • 6
    • 0025499292 scopus 로고
    • A circuit for detection of interaural time differences in the brainstem of the barn owl
    • Carr CE, Konishi M (1990) A circuit for detection of interaural time differences in the brainstem of the barn owl. J Neurosci 10:3227-3246.
    • (1990) J Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 3227-3246
    • Carr, C.E.1    Konishi, M.2
  • 7
    • 0024459941 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of GABAergic neurons and terminals in the auditory system of the barn owl
    • Carr CE, Fujita I, Konishi M (1989) Distribution of GABAergic neurons and terminals in the auditory system of the barn owl. J Comp Neurol 286:190-207.
    • (1989) J Comp Neurol , vol.286 , pp. 190-207
    • Carr, C.E.1    Fujita, I.2    Konishi, M.3
  • 8
    • 0024372077 scopus 로고
    • Development of GABA immunoreactivity in brainstem auditory nuclei of the chick: Ontogeny of gradients in terminal staining
    • Code RA, Burd GD, Rubel EW (1989) Development of GABA immunoreactivity in brainstem auditory nuclei of the chick: ontogeny of gradients in terminal staining. J Comp Neurol 284:504-518.
    • (1989) J Comp Neurol , vol.284 , pp. 504-518
    • Code, R.A.1    Burd, G.D.2    Rubel, E.W.3
  • 9
    • 0025244283 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cochlear removal on GABAergic terminals in nucleus magnocellularis of the chicken
    • Code RA, Durham D, Rubel EW (1991) Effects of cochlear removal on GABAergic terminals in nucleus magnocellularis of the chicken. J Comp Neurol 301:643-654.
    • (1991) J Comp Neurol , vol.301 , pp. 643-654
    • Code, R.A.1    Durham, D.2    Rubel, E.W.3
  • 10
    • 0022496845 scopus 로고
    • Origin of ascending projections to the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis in the chicken
    • Conlee JW, Parks TN (1986) Origin of ascending projections to the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis in the chicken. J Comp Neurol 367:96-113.
    • (1986) J Comp Neurol , vol.367 , pp. 96-113
    • Conlee, J.W.1    Parks, T.N.2
  • 11
    • 0025095765 scopus 로고
    • Coincidence model of MSO responses
    • Colburn HS, Han Y, Culotta CP (1990) Coincidence model of MSO responses. Hear Res 49:335-346.
    • (1990) Hear Res , vol.49 , pp. 335-346
    • Colburn, H.S.1    Han, Y.2    Culotta, C.P.3
  • 12
    • 0026054652 scopus 로고
    • The role of GABAergic inhibition in processing of interaural time difference in the owl's auditory system
    • Fujita I, Konishi M (1991) The role of GABAergic inhibition in processing of interaural time difference in the owl's auditory system. J Neurosci 11:722-739.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 722-739
    • Fujita, I.1    Konishi, M.2
  • 13
    • 0032080587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of GABAergic inputs from coincidence detection in the nucleus laminaris of the chick
    • Funabiki K, Koyano K, Ohmori H (1998) The role of GABAergic inputs from coincidence detection in the nucleus laminaris of the chick. J Physiol (Lond) 508: 851-869.
    • (1998) J Physiol (Lond) , vol.508 , pp. 851-869
    • Funabiki, K.1    Koyano, K.2    Ohmori, H.3
  • 14
    • 0014541947 scopus 로고
    • Responses of binaural neurons in the dog superior olivary complex to dichotic tonal stimuli: Some physiological mechanisms of sound localization
    • Goldberg JM, Brown PB (1969) Responses of binaural neurons in the dog superior olivary complex to dichotic tonal stimuli: some physiological mechanisms of sound localization. J Neurophysiol 32:613-636.
    • (1969) J Neurophysiol , vol.32 , pp. 613-636
    • Goldberg, J.M.1    Brown, P.B.2
  • 15
    • 0027523436 scopus 로고
    • Bilateral inhibition by glycinergic afferents in the medial superior olive
    • Grothe B, Sanes DH (1993) Bilateral inhibition by glycinergic afferents in the medial superior olive. J Neurophysiol 69:1192-1196.
    • (1993) J Neurophysiol , vol.69 , pp. 1192-1196
    • Grothe, B.1    Sanes, D.H.2
  • 16
    • 0028346536 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic inhibition influences the temporal coding properties of medial superior olivary neurons: An in vitro study
    • Grothe B, Sanes DH (1994) Synaptic inhibition influences the temporal coding properties of medial superior olivary neurons: an in vitro study. J Neurosci 14:1701-1709.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 1701-1709
    • Grothe, B.1    Sanes, D.H.2
  • 17
    • 0019987651 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic excitation of the second and third order auditory neurons in the avian brain stem
    • Hackett JT, Jackson H, Rubel EW (1982) Synaptic excitation of the second and third order auditory neurons in the avian brain stem. Neuroscience 7:1455-1469.
    • (1982) Neuroscience , vol.7 , pp. 1455-1469
    • Hackett, J.T.1    Jackson, H.2    Rubel, E.W.3
  • 18
    • 0030951251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slow kinetics of miniature IPSCs during early postnatal development in granule cells of the dentate gyrus
    • Hollrigel GS, Soltesz I (1998) Slow kinetics of miniature IPSCs during early postnatal development in granule cells of the dentate gyrus. J Neurosci 17:5119-5128.
    • (1998) J Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 5119-5128
    • Hollrigel, G.S.1    Soltesz, I.2
  • 19
    • 0024404108 scopus 로고
    • Transneuronal regulation of protein synthesis in the brain-stem auditory system of the chick requires synaptic activation
    • Hyson RL, Rubel EW (1989) Transneuronal regulation of protein synthesis in the brain-stem auditory system of the chick requires synaptic activation. J Neurosci 9:2835-2845.
    • (1989) J Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 2835-2845
    • Hyson, R.L.1    Rubel, E.W.2
  • 20
    • 0342860508 scopus 로고
    • Differential distribution of GABA receptor subunits in nucleus magnocellularis and nucleus laminaris of the chick
    • Hyson RL, Sadler KA (1995) Differential distribution of GABA receptor subunits in nucleus magnocellularis and nucleus laminaris of the chick. Assoc Res Otolaryngol [Abstr] 18:33.
    • (1995) Assoc Res Otolaryngol [Abstr] , vol.18 , pp. 33
    • Hyson, R.L.1    Sadler, K.A.2
  • 21
    • 0028959763 scopus 로고
    • A depolarizing inhibitory response to GABA in brainstem auditory neurons of the chick
    • Hyson RL, Reyes AD, Rubel EW (1995) A depolarizing inhibitory response to GABA in brainstem auditory neurons of the chick. Brain Res 667:117-126.
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.667 , pp. 117-126
    • Hyson, R.L.1    Reyes, A.D.2    Rubel, E.W.3
  • 22
    • 0020449445 scopus 로고
    • Functional synapse elimination in the developing avian cochlear nucleus with simultaneous reduction in cochlear nerve branching
    • Jackson H, Parks TN (1982) Functional synapse elimination in the developing avian cochlear nucleus with simultaneous reduction in cochlear nerve branching. J Neurosci 2:1736-1743.
    • (1982) J Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 1736-1743
    • Jackson, H.1    Parks, T.N.2
  • 23
    • 0020055234 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal architecture in nucleus magnocellularis of the chicken auditory system with observations on nucleus laminaris: A light and electron microscope study
    • Jhaveri S, Morest DK (1982a) Neuronal architecture in nucleus magnocellularis of the chicken auditory system with observations on nucleus laminaris: a light and electron microscope study. Neuroscience 7:809-836.
    • (1982) Neuroscience , vol.7 , pp. 809-836
    • Jhaveri, S.1    Morest, D.K.2
  • 24
    • 0020057189 scopus 로고
    • Sequential alterations of neuronal architecture in nucleus magnocellularis of the developing chicken: A Golgi study
    • Jhaveri S. Morest DK (1982b) Sequential alterations of neuronal architecture in nucleus magnocellularis of the developing chicken: a Golgi study. Neuroscience 7:837-853.
    • (1982) Neuroscience , vol.7 , pp. 837-853
    • Jhaveri, S.1    Morest, D.K.2
  • 25
    • 0027532597 scopus 로고
    • Coincidence detection by binaural neurons in the chick brain stem
    • Joseph AW, Hyson RL (1993) Coincidence detection by binaural neurons in the chick brain stem. J Neurophysiol 69:1197-1211.
    • (1993) J Neurophysiol , vol.69 , pp. 1197-1211
    • Joseph, A.W.1    Hyson, R.L.2
  • 26
    • 0028792311 scopus 로고
    • Development of glycinergic and glutamatcrgic synaptic transmission in the auditory brainstem of perinatal rats
    • Kandler K, Friauf E (1995) Development of glycinergic and glutamatcrgic synaptic transmission in the auditory brainstem of perinatal rats. J Neurosci 15:6890-6904.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 6890-6904
    • Kandler, K.1    Friauf, E.2
  • 27
    • 0001824258 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological and anatomical substrates of sound localization in the owl
    • (Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM, eds), New York: Wiley
    • Konishi M, Takahashi TT, Wagner H, Sullivan WE, Carr CE (1988) Neurophysiological and anatomical substrates of sound localization in the owl. In: Auditory function (Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM, eds), pp 721-745. New York: Wiley.
    • (1988) Auditory Function , pp. 721-745
    • Konishi, M.1    Takahashi, T.T.2    Wagner, H.3    Sullivan, W.E.4    Carr, C.E.5
  • 28
    • 0028137808 scopus 로고
    • Auditory nerve terminals in the cochlcar nucleus magnocellularis: Differences between low and high frequency
    • Köppl C (1994) Auditory nerve terminals in the cochlcar nucleus magnocellularis: differences between low and high frequency. J Comp Neurol 339:438-446.
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.339 , pp. 438-446
    • Köppl, C.1
  • 29
    • 0028136968 scopus 로고
    • GABAergic terminals in nucleus magnocellularis and nucleus laminaris originate from the superior olivary nucleus
    • Lachica EA, Rübsamen R, and Rubel EW ( 1994) GABAergic terminals in nucleus magnocellularis and nucleus laminaris originate from the superior olivary nucleus. J Comp Neurol 348:403-418.
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.348 , pp. 403-418
    • Lachica, E.A.1    Rübsamen, R.2    Rubel, E.W.3
  • 31
    • 0023665703 scopus 로고
    • R-aminobutyric acid immunoreactivity in brainstem auditory nuclei of the chicken
    • Müller CM (1987) r-aminobutyric acid immunoreactivity in brainstem auditory nuclei of the chicken. Neurosci lett 77:272-276.
    • (1987) Neurosci Lett , vol.77 , pp. 272-276
    • Müller, C.M.1
  • 32
    • 0028985493 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal development of GABAA receptor function in somatosensory thalamus and cortex: Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings in acutely isolated rat neurons
    • Oh K, Lee C, Gibbs JW, Coulter DA (1995) Postnatal development of GABAA receptor function in somatosensory thalamus and cortex: whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings in acutely isolated rat neurons. J Neurosci 15:1341-1351.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 1341-1351
    • Oh, K.1    Lee, C.2    Gibbs, J.W.3    Coulter, D.A.4
  • 33
    • 0026514295 scopus 로고
    • A circuit for coding interaural time differences in the chick brain stem
    • Overholt EM, Rubel EW, Hyson RL (1992) A circuit for coding interaural time differences in the chick brain stem. J Neurosci 12(5): 1698-1708.
    • (1992) J Neurosci , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 1698-1708
    • Overholt, E.M.1    Rubel, E.W.2    Hyson, R.L.3
  • 34
    • 0019800062 scopus 로고
    • Morphology of axosomatic endings in an avian cochlear nucleus: Nucleus magnocellularis of the chicken
    • Parks TN (1981) Morphology of axosomatic endings in an avian cochlear nucleus: nucleus magnocellularis of the chicken. J Comp Neurol 203:425-440.
    • (1981) J Comp Neurol , vol.203 , pp. 425-440
    • Parks, T.N.1
  • 35
    • 0016707330 scopus 로고
    • Organization and development of the brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Organization of projections from nucleus magnocellularis to nucleus laminaris
    • Parks TN, Rubel EW (1975) Organization and development of the brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: organization of projections from nucleus magnocellularis to nucleus laminaris. J Comp Neurol 164:435-448.
    • (1975) J Comp Neurol , vol.164 , pp. 435-448
    • Parks, T.N.1    Rubel, E.W.2
  • 36
    • 0018102471 scopus 로고
    • Organization and development of the brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken
    • Parks TN, Rubel EW (1978) Organization and development of the brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken. J Comp Neurol 180:439-448.
    • (1978) J Comp Neurol , vol.180 , pp. 439-448
    • Parks, T.N.1    Rubel, E.W.2
  • 37
    • 0029973193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerance to intense sound of binaural coincidence detection in the owl's nucleus laminaris
    • Pena JL, Viete S, Albech Y, Konishi M (1996) Tolerance to intense sound of binaural coincidence detection in the owl's nucleus laminaris. J Neurosci 16:7046-7054.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 7046-7054
    • Pena, J.L.1    Viete, S.2    Albech, Y.3    Konishi, M.4
  • 38
    • 0014627785 scopus 로고
    • Time constants and electrotonic length of membrane cylinders and neurons
    • Rail W (1969) Time constants and electrotonic length of membrane cylinders and neurons. Biophys J 9:1483-1508.
    • (1969) Biophys J , vol.9 , pp. 1483-1508
    • Rail, W.1
  • 39
    • 0026752392 scopus 로고
    • The kinetics of the response to glutamate and kainate in neurons of the avian cochlear nucleus
    • Raman IM. Trussell L O (1992) The kinetics of the response to glutamate and kainate in neurons of the avian cochlear nucleus. Neuron 9:173-186.
    • (1992) Neuron , vol.9 , pp. 173-186
    • Raman, I.M.1    Trussell, L.O.2
  • 40
    • 0028101986 scopus 로고
    • Pathway-specific variants of AM PA receptors and their contribution to neuronal signaling
    • Raman IM, Zhang S, Trussell JO (1994) Pathway-specific variants of AM PA receptors and their contribution to neuronal signaling. J Neurosci 14:4998-5010.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 4998-5010
    • Raman, I.M.1    Zhang, S.2    Trussell, J.O.3
  • 41
    • 0011953980 scopus 로고
    • The acoustic nerve: Its cochlear branch or cochlear nerve
    • 1952. National Technical Information Service Publication No. PB-205 473
    • Ramón y Cajal S (1971) The acoustic nerve: its cochlear branch or cochlear nerve (translated from Histologie du Systèmè Nerveux de l'Homme et des Vertèbrès, Tome I, pp 774-838:1952). National Technical Information Service Publication No. PB-205 473.
    • (1971) Histologie du Systèmè Nerveux de L'Homme et des Vertèbrès , vol.1 , pp. 774-838
    • Ramón y Cajal, S.1
  • 42
    • 0027938396 scopus 로고
    • Membrane properties underlying the firing of neurons in the avian cochlear nucleus
    • Reyes AD, Rubel EW, Spain WJ (1994) Membrane properties underlying the firing of neurons in the avian cochlear nucleus. J Neurosci 14:5352-5364.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 5352-5364
    • Reyes, A.D.1    Rubel, E.W.2    Spain, W.J.3
  • 43
    • 0029875901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro analysis of optimal stimuli for phase-locking and time-delayed modulation of firing in avian nucleus laminaris neurons
    • Reyes AD, Rubel EW, Spain WJ (1996) In vitro analysis of optimal stimuli for phase-locking and time-delayed modulation of firing in avian nucleus laminaris neurons. J Neurosci 16:993-1007.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 993-1007
    • Reyes, A.D.1    Rubel, E.W.2    Spain, W.J.3
  • 44
    • 0000345784 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of structure and function in the vertebrate auditory system
    • (Jacobson M, ed), New York: Springer
    • Rubel EW (1978) Ontogeny of structure and function in the vertebrate auditory system. In: Handbook of sensory physiology. Vol 9, (Jacobson M, ed), pp 135-237. New York: Springer.
    • (1978) Handbook of Sensory Physiology , vol.9 , pp. 135-237
    • Rubel, E.W.1
  • 45
    • 0016786659 scopus 로고
    • Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Tonotopic organization of n. magnoccllularis and n. laminaris
    • Rubel EW, Parks TN (1975) Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: tonotopic organization of n. magnoccllularis and n. laminaris. J Comp Neurol 164:411-434.
    • (1975) J Comp Neurol , vol.164 , pp. 411-434
    • Rubel, E.W.1    Parks, T.N.2
  • 46
    • 0003067328 scopus 로고
    • Organization and development of the avian brainstem auditory system
    • (Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM, eds), New York: Wiley
    • Rubel EW, Parks TN (1988) Organization and development of the avian brainstem auditory system. In: Auditory function (Edelman GM, Gall WE, Cowan WM, eds), pp 3-92. New York: Wiley.
    • (1988) Auditory Function , pp. 3-92
    • Rubel, E.W.1    Parks, T.N.2
  • 47
    • 0015692185 scopus 로고
    • The development of auditory evoked responses in the cochlea and cochlear nuclei of the chick
    • Saunders JC, Cole RB, Gates GR (1973) The development of auditory evoked responses in the cochlea and cochlear nuclei of the chick. Brain Res 63:59-74.
    • (1973) Brain Res , vol.63 , pp. 59-74
    • Saunders, J.C.1    Cole, R.B.2    Gates, G.R.3
  • 48
    • 0018759596 scopus 로고
    • Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Dendritic gradients in nucleus laminaris
    • Smith DJ, Rubel EW (1979) Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: dendritic gradients in nucleus laminaris. J Comp Neurol 186:213-240.
    • (1979) J Comp Neurol , vol.186 , pp. 213-240
    • Smith, D.J.1    Rubel, E.W.2
  • 49
    • 0021212023 scopus 로고
    • Segregation of stimulus phase and intensity coding in the cochlear nucleus of the barn owl
    • Sullivan WE, Konishi M (1984) Segregation of stimulus phase and intensity coding in the cochlear nucleus of the barn owl. J Neurosci 4:1787-1799.
    • (1984) J Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 1787-1799
    • Sullivan, W.E.1    Konishi, M.2
  • 50
    • 0023791197 scopus 로고
    • The projections of nucleus angularis and nucleus laminaris to the lateral lemnisical nuclear complex of the barn owl
    • Takahashi T, Konishi M (1988) The projections of nucleus angularis and nucleus laminaris to the lateral lemnisical nuclear complex of the barn owl. J Comp Neurol 274:212-238.
    • (1988) J Comp Neurol , vol.274 , pp. 212-238
    • Takahashi, T.1    Konishi, M.2
  • 52
    • 0027210626 scopus 로고
    • Desensitization of AMPA receptors upon multi-quantal neurotransmitter release
    • Trussell LO, Zhang S, Raman IM (1993) Desensitization of AMPA receptors upon multi-quantal neurotransmitter release. Neuron 10:1185-1196.
    • (1993) Neuron , vol.10 , pp. 1185-1196
    • Trussell, L.O.1    Zhang, S.2    Raman, I.M.3
  • 53
    • 0024435331 scopus 로고
    • GABAcrgic neurons in brainstem auditory nuclei of the chick: Distribution, morphology and connectivity
    • von Bartheld CS, Code RA, Rubel EW (1989) GABAcrgic neurons in brainstem auditory nuclei of the chick: distribution, morphology and connectivity. J Comp Neurol 287:470-483.
    • (1989) J Comp Neurol , vol.287 , pp. 470-483
    • Von Bartheld, C.S.1    Code, R.A.2    Rubel, E.W.3
  • 54
    • 0025073873 scopus 로고
    • Neural coding in the chick cochlear nucleus
    • Warchol ME, Dallos P (1990) Neural coding in the chick cochlear nucleus. J Comp Physiol 166:721-734.
    • (1990) J Comp Physiol , vol.166 , pp. 721-734
    • Warchol, M.E.1    Dallos, P.2
  • 55
    • 0024996723 scopus 로고
    • Interaural time sensitivity in medial superior olive of cat
    • Yin TCT, Chan JCK (1990) Interaural time sensitivity in medial superior olive of cat. J Neurophysiol 64:465-488.
    • (1990) J Neurophysiol , vol.64 , pp. 465-488
    • Yin, T.C.T.1    Chan, J.C.K.2
  • 56
    • 0020789353 scopus 로고
    • Frequency specific projections of individual neurons in chick brain stem auditory nuclei
    • Young SR, Rubel EW (1983) Frequency specific projections of individual neurons in chick brain stem auditory nuclei. J Neurosci 7:1373-1378.
    • (1983) J Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 1373-1378
    • Young, S.R.1    Rubel, E.W.2
  • 57
    • 0023038874 scopus 로고
    • Embryogcnesis of arborization pattern and topography of individual axons in n. laminaris of the chick brain stem
    • Young SR, Rubel EW (1986) Embryogcnesis of arborization pattern and topography of individual axons in n. laminaris of the chick brain stem. J Comp Neurol 254:425-459.
    • (1986) J Comp Neurol , vol.254 , pp. 425-459
    • Young, S.R.1    Rubel, E.W.2
  • 58
    • 0027969317 scopus 로고
    • Voltage clamp analysis of excitatory synaptic transmission in the avian nucleus magnocellularis
    • Zhang S, Trussell LO (1994) Voltage clamp analysis of excitatory synaptic transmission in the avian nucleus magnocellularis. J Physiol (Lond) 480:123-136.
    • (1994) J Physiol (Lond) , vol.480 , pp. 123-136
    • Zhang, S.1    Trussell, L.O.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.