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33747542976
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note
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13C NMR, IR, and mass spectra) were consistent with the given structure. The dodecaacetylated derivative of 2 was used to obtain a correct C,H,O analysis because of the extremely high hygroscopicity of unsubstituted 2.
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12
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33747542629
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note
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Electron micrographs were recorded on JEOLTEM-2000F and TEM-1010 instruments. The freeze-fracture replicas were fabricated with a JEOL JFD-9010 instrument.
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13
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0026316127
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For AFM measurements of vesicles and the determination of their shape, diameter, and thickness, and estimation of the number of membrane layers, see: S. Singh, D. J. Keller, Biophys. J. 1991, 60, 1401.
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-1, respectively, under atmospheric conditions. These two operating modes provided almost the same images for an identical sample.
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15
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33747529073
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note
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-3M, 4 mL) containing a fluorescent dye (sodium 8-amino-1,3,6-naphthalenetrisulfonate, 34.2 mg) was separated with Sephadex G-50 (1 cm × 20 cm) using the buffer as the eluent. The vesicles were obtained in the 0.36-0.63 mL fraction, whereas the free dye was obtained after elution of 0.9 mL. The vesicle fraction fluoresced at 515 nm when irradiated at 370 nm.
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16
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33747532849
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c of 82.6°C.
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0000161647
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Y. Okahata, R. Ando, T. Kunitake, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 789.
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J. N. Israelachvili, D. J. Mitchell, B. W. Ninham, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1 1976, 72, 1525.
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85045455600
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For IR spectra of the dried vesicles and the contribution of hydrogen bonds towards the stabilization of the vesicle, see: T. Shimizu, M. Kogiso, M. Masuda, Nature 1996, 383, 487.
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