메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 284, Issue 5417, 1999, Pages 1180-1183

Mammalian transgenesis by intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; FERTILIZATION IN VITRO; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETIC ENGINEERING; GENETIC RECOMBINATION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRANSGENE;

EID: 0033553592     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5417.1180     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (381)

References (42)
  • 2
    • 0019847283 scopus 로고
    • J. W. Gordon, G. A. Scangos, D. J. Plotkin, J. A. Barbosa, F. H. Ruddle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 7380 (1980); J. W. Gordon and F. H. Ruddle, Science 214, 1244 (1981); R. D. Palmiter and R. L. Brinster, Annu. Rev. Genet. 20, 465 (1986).
    • (1981) Science , vol.214 , pp. 1244
    • Gordon, J.W.1    Ruddle, F.H.2
  • 3
    • 0022965278 scopus 로고
    • J. W. Gordon, G. A. Scangos, D. J. Plotkin, J. A. Barbosa, F. H. Ruddle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 7380 (1980); J. W. Gordon and F. H. Ruddle, Science 214, 1244 (1981); R. D. Palmiter and R. L. Brinster, Annu. Rev. Genet. 20, 465 (1986).
    • (1986) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.20 , pp. 465
    • Palmiter, R.D.1    Brinster, R.L.2
  • 5
    • 0019826665 scopus 로고
    • M. J. Evans and M. H. Kaufman, Nature 292, 154 (1981); M. Kuehn, A. Bradley, E. J. Robertson, M. J. Evans, ibid. 326, 295 (1987).
    • (1981) Nature , vol.292 , pp. 154
    • Evans, M.J.1    Kaufman, M.H.2
  • 10
    • 0024320352 scopus 로고
    • M. Lavitrano et al., Cell 57, 717 (1989).
    • (1989) Cell , vol.57 , pp. 717
    • Lavitrano, M.1
  • 14
    • 0345586850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • unpublished observations
    • Y. Toyoda, unpublished observations.
    • Toyoda, Y.1
  • 17
    • 0025253627 scopus 로고
    • 2 in air at 37°C has been detailed elsewhere (30). For microinjection, sperm heads were aspirated into a pipette attached to a piezoelectric pipette-driving unit and one injected per oocyte as described (30). Oocytes that lysed soon after injection were discarded. Where appropriate, dislocation of heads from tails was by the application of a single piezo pulse as described (31). This procedure disrupts membranes and thus represents a difference between the fresh spermatozoa used here and previous reports of live spermatozoa promoting transgenesis by IVF (7). We estimate that about 1 pl was displaced from the pipette interior per injection; 3 to 3.5 days after microinjection, we examined embryos for expression of GFP by epifluorescence microscopy with a UV light source (480 nm) with fluorescein isothiocyanate filters. This enabled the clear identification of nonfluorescent (non-GFP-expressing), weakly fluorescent, and strongly fluorescent embryos and mosaics, which were scored accordingly. Mouse methods strictly adhered to National Institutes of Health (Department of Health and Human Services) guidelines implemented by the University of Hawaii Animal Care and Use Committee.
    • (1990) Biol. Reprod. , vol.42 , pp. 432
    • Chatot, C.L.1    Lewis, J.L.2    Torres, I.3    Ziomek, C.A.4
  • 18
    • 0025884056 scopus 로고
    • The large (3.5 kb) Sal GI-Bam HI fragment of plasmid pCX-EGFP used here harbors a GFP gene expressed from a strong cytomegalovirus-IE-chicken β-actin enhancer-promoter combination [H. Niwa, K. Yamamura, J. Miyazaki, Gene 108, 193 (1991)] but lacks a eukaryotic origin of replication [G. Zhang, G. Vanessa, S. R. Kain, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 227, 707 (1996); T. Takada et al., Nature Biotechnol. 15, 458 (1997)].
    • (1991) Gene , vol.108 , pp. 193
    • Niwa, H.1    Yamamura, K.2    Miyazaki, J.3
  • 19
    • 0030599407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The large (3.5 kb) Sal GI-Bam HI fragment of plasmid pCX-EGFP used here harbors a GFP gene expressed from a strong cytomegalovirus-IE-chicken β-actin enhancer-promoter combination [H. Niwa, K. Yamamura, J. Miyazaki, Gene 108, 193 (1991)] but lacks a eukaryotic origin of replication [G. Zhang, G. Vanessa, S. R. Kain, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 227, 707 (1996); T. Takada et al., Nature Biotechnol. 15, 458 (1997)].
    • (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.227 , pp. 707
    • Zhang, G.1    Vanessa, G.2    Kain, S.R.3
  • 20
    • 0031003761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The large (3.5 kb) Sal GI-Bam HI fragment of plasmid pCX-EGFP used here harbors a GFP gene expressed from a strong cytomegalovirus-IE-chicken β-actin enhancer-promoter combination [H. Niwa, K. Yamamura, J. Miyazaki, Gene 108, 193 (1991)] but lacks a eukaryotic origin of replication [G. Zhang, G. Vanessa, S. R. Kain, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 227, 707 (1996); T. Takada et al., Nature Biotechnol. 15, 458 (1997)].
    • (1997) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.15 , pp. 458
    • Takada, T.1
  • 21
    • 0031905116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5 spermatozoa in CZB or NIM) by pipetting, to give a final DNA fragment concentration of 7 ng/μl. We incubated the DNA-sperm mixture at room temperature (about 25°C) or on ice for 1 min and then mixed it with a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP; average M, 360,000) solution to give a final concentration of about 10% (w/v) PVP; it was then placed on the microscope stage for microinjection. All injections were done in CZB-H at room temperature within 1 hour of sperm-DNA mixing or within 1 hour of sperm-Triton X-100 mixing.
    • (1998) J. Fertil. Reprod. , vol.112 , pp. 11
    • Wakayama, T.1    Whittingham, D.G.2    Yanagimachi, R.3
  • 23
    • 0345572128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • unpublished data
    • We used single-shot double transgenesis to generate embryos coexpressing two tg's after a single microinjection as described in (14). Sperm heads were coinjected with a DNA solution containing pCX-EGFP Sal GI-Bam HI fragment (2.5 ng/μl) and pCX-LacZ Sal GI-Pst I fragment (2.5 ng/μl). pCX-LacZ is a derivative of pCX-EGFP in which the EGFP gene is replaced by one that encodes β-galactosidase [M. Okabe, unpublished data]. After culture in vitro, we first scored embryos for GFP expression and then for β-galactosidase expression as described in (12, 15). For photography, we mounted embryos between a microscope slide and a coverslip and collected images to show development and GFP expression before fixation and staining to show LacZ expression.
    • Okabe, M.1
  • 25
    • 0345154934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We divided the sperm suspension in each washing experiment into two 5-μl aliquots immediately after mixing and incubating with pCX-EGFP DNA for 1 min. One aliquot (washed sperm) was diluted and washed by mixing well with 50 μl of ice-cold, fresh CZB or NIM. We then pelleted both aliquot for 2 min at 20,000g, 2°C. The supernatant from the washed sperm aliquot was carefully removed and replaced with 5 μl of fresh CZB or NIM; we used the supernatant from the second aliquot to resuspend its own pellet (therefore, this sample was not washed).
  • 26
    • 0031060821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 and the cytokinesis-blocking agent cytochalasin B at 5 μg/ml and incubated them for 6 hours at 37°C [A. BosMikich, D. G. Whittingham, K. T. Jones, Dev. Biol. 182, 172 (1997)]. We then transferred them to CZB and incubation continued under standard embryo culture conditions. We scored embryos for GFP expression after 3.5 days as described (12).
    • (1997) Dev. Biol. , vol.182 , pp. 172
    • Bosmikich, A.1    Whittingham, D.G.2    Jones, K.T.3
  • 28
    • 0031413880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • unpublished data
    • T. Wakayama and A. C. F. Perry, unpublished data; B. Maione, C. Pittoggi, L. Achene, R. Lorenzini, C. Spadafora, DNA Cell Biol. 16, 1087 (1997).
    • Wakayama, T.1    Perry, A.C.F.2
  • 32
    • 0344710133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Ectopic GFP expression in skin was clearly discernible as a green color when pups were examined 1 to 4 days after delivery by incidental illumination from a UV light source (480 nm).
  • 33
    • 0344710132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • unpublished data
    • M. Okabe, unpublished data.
    • Okabe, M.1
  • 34
    • 0345140541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Tail-tip biopsies from 3- to 6-week-old, randomly selected green pups and their nongreen littermates were used for extraction of total, genomic DNA. Photography of tails was under a fluorescent stereomicroscope equipped with a 480/440-nm filter. In Southern blot analysis, 10 μg of genomic DNA per sample was digested with Eco RI and probed with the 733-base-pair Eco RI fragment of pCX-EGFP. We used forward (TTGAATTCGCCACCATGGTGAGC) and reverse (TTGAATTCTTACTTGTACAGCTCGTCC) oligonucleotide primers detection of the GFP gene by PCR of 1 μg of genomic DNA per reaction. Reaction parameters were 95°C for 9 min (1 cycle) and 94°C for 45 s, 60°C for 30 s, 72°C for 45 s (40 cycles).
  • 35
    • 0345140540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Electrophoretically separated products were visualized after staining with ethidium bromide.
  • 37
    • 0002302562 scopus 로고
    • E. Knobil and J. D. Neill, Eds. Raven Press, New York, ed. 2
    • R. Yanagimachi in The Physiology of Reproduction, E. Knobil and J. D. Neill, Eds. (Raven Press, New York, ed. 2, 1994), pp. 189-317.
    • (1994) The Physiology of Reproduction , pp. 189-317
    • Yanagimachi, R.1
  • 38
    • 0025250603 scopus 로고
    • K. Goto, A. Kinoshita, Y. Takuma, K. Ogawa, Vet. Rec. 127, 517 (1990); N.-H. Kim, J. W. Lee, S. H. Jun, H. T. Lee, K. S. Chung, Mol. Reprod. Dev. 51, 436 (1998).
    • (1990) Vet. Rec. , vol.127 , pp. 517
    • Goto, K.1    Kinoshita, A.2    Takuma, Y.3    Ogawa, K.4
  • 42
    • 0344710131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Supported by grants to R.Y. from ProBio and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-34362). A.C.F.P. was supported by a European Molecular Biology Organization Long Term Travel Fellowship. We thank P. Mombaerts and M. Paulus for helpful comments and M. Okada and H. Yanagimachi for technical assistance; we are grateful to J. Miyazaki for the CAG promoter and to I. Saito for pCANLacZ.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.