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H relative to the fault the shear and normal stress on fault-parallel planes is found, assuming that the average stress is lithostatic, the pore pressure is hydrostatic, and the optimally oriented plane is at failure stress. The shear and normal stress on fault-parallel planes, assumed to be uniform, is used to find the pure pressure needed for the fault to fail under a Coulomb failure criterion with a coefficient of friction of 0.6.
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Supported by the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC), NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR-6920136, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Cooperative Agreements 14-08-O001-A0899 and 1434-HQ-97AG01718, and USGS grant 99HQGR0039. We thank H. Kanamori, L. M. Jones, J. Deng, M. D. Zoback, and S. Hickman for valuable reviews and A. J. Michael and J. W. Gephart for sharing their stress inversion programs. This is SCEC contribution 452 and Caltech DGPS contribution 8586.
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