Carbon-supported ruthenium catalyst for the synthesis of ammonia. The effect of the carbon support and barium promoter on the performance

Applied Catalysis A: General

Volumn 184, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 95-102

  Kowalczyk, Zbigniew ^a   Jodzis, Sławomir ^a   Raróg, Wioletta ^a   Zieliński, Jerzy ^b   Pielaszek, Jerzy ^b   Presz, Adam ^c  

^a WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Poland)

^b INSTITUTE OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY   (Poland)

^c INSTITUTE OF HIGH PRESSURE PHYSICS   (Poland)

Author keywords

Ammonia synthesis; Barium promoter; Carbon support; Carbon texture; Chemisorption of H2, O2 and CO; Ruthenium catalysts

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033517176     PISSN: 0926860X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0926-860X(99)00090-3     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. J. Schütze, W. Mahdi, B. Herzog, R. Schlögl, Top. Catal. 1 (1994) 195.
2. A. Nielsen, An investigation on promoted iron catalysts for the synthesis of ammonia, Jul. Gjellerups Forlag, Copenhagen, 1968, p. 50.
3. Z. Kowalczyk, Catal. Lett. 37 (1996) 173.
4. K. Aika, K. Tamara, in: A. Nielsen (Ed.), Ammonia: catalysis and manufacture, Springer, Berlin, 1995, p. 103.
5. O. Hinrichsen, F. Rosowski, A. Hornung, M. Muhler, G. Ertl, J. Catal. 165 (1997) 33.
6. F. Rosowski, O. Hinrichsen, M. Muhler, G. Ertl, Catal. Lett. 36 (1996) 229.
7. O. Hinrichsen, F. Rosowski, M. Muhler, G. Ertl, Chem. Eng. Sci. 51 (1996) 1683.
8. J. Kubota, K. Aika, J. Phys. Chem. 98 (1994) 11293.
9. K. Aika, K. Schimazaki, Y. Hattori, A. Ohya, S. Ohsima, K. Shirota, A. Ozaki, J. Catal. 92 (1985) 296.
10. S. Murata, K. Aika, J. Catal. 136 (1992) 118.
11. K. Aika, M. Kumasaka, T. Oma, O. Kato, H. Masuda, N. Watanabe, K. Yamazaki, A. Ozaki, T. Onishi, Appl. Catal. 28 (1986) 57.
12. K. Aika, H. Hori, A. Ozaki, J. Catal. 27 (1972) 424.
13. Y. Kadowaki, K. Aika, J. Catal. 161 (1996) 178.
14. B. Fastrup, Catal. Lett. 48 (1997) 111.
15. J. Wellenbuscher, M. Muhler, W. Mahdi, U. Sauerlandt, J. Schütze, G. Ertl, R. Schlögl, Catal. Lett. 25 (1994) 61.
16. K. Chao, L. Lin, M. Yang, Catal. Lett. 38 (1996) 279.
17. C.T. Fishel, R.J. Davis, J.M. Garces, J. Catal. 163 (1996) 148.
18. US Patent 4163775, 1979, to British Petroleum.
19. S.R. Tennison, in: J.R. Jennings (Ed.), Catalytic ammonia synthesis. Fundamentals and practice, Plenum Press, New York, 1991.
20. US Patent 1486441, 1974.
21. Z. Kowalczyk, J. Sentek, S. Jodzis, R. Diduszko, A. Presz, A. Terzyk, Z. Kucharski, J. Suwalski, Carbon 34 (1996) 403.
22. Z. Kowalczyk, J. Sentek, S. Jodzis, E. Mizera, J. Góralski, T. Paryjczak, R. Diduszko, Catal. Lett. 45 (1997) 65.
23. Z. Zhong, K. Aika, J. Catal. 173 (1998) 535.
24. Z. Kowalczyk, S. Jodzis, J. Sentek, to be patented.
25. Z. Kowalczyk, S. Jodzis, W. Raróg, J. Zieliński, J. Pielaszek, Appl. Catal. A: General 173 (1998) 153.
26. A. Borodziński, M. Bonarowska, Langmuir 13(21) (1997) 5613.
27. R.A. Della Betta, J. Catal. 34 (1974) 57.
28. K.C. Taylor, J. Catal. 38 (1975) 229.
29. N.B. Buyanova, A.P. Karnaukhov, N. Koroleva, I.D. Gratner, O.N. Černavska, Kinet. Katal. 13 (1972) 1533.
30. J. Zieliński, unpublished work.
31. S. Khaja Masthan, K.V.R. Chary, P. Kanta Rao, J. Catal. 124 (1994) 289.
32. D.R. Strongin, S.R. Bare, G. Somorjai, J. Catal. 103 (1987) 289.